ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaoji Hufei Formula in protecting children with close contact exposure to influenza， and to provide reference and evidence-based support for better clinical prevention and treatment of influenza in children. MethodsA multicenter， prospective， non-randomized， parallel， controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to May 2022 in five hospitals， including Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Confirmed influenza cases and influenza-like illness （ILI） cases were collected， and eligible children with close contact exposure to these cases were recruited in the outpatient clinics. According to whether the enrolled close contacts were willing to take Xiaoji Hufei formula for influenza prevention， they were assigned to the observation group （108 cases） or the control group （108 cases）. Follow-up visits were conducted on days 7 and 14 after enrollment. The primary outcomes were the incidence of ILI and the rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Secondary outcomes included traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score scale for influenza， influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate， influenza hospitalization rate， and time to onset after exposure to influenza cases. ResultsA total of 216 participants were enrolled， with 108 in the observation group and 108 in the control group. Primary outcomes： （1） Incidence of ILI： The incidence was 12.0% （13/108） in the observation group and 23.1% （25/108） in the control group， with the observation group showing a significantly lower incidence （χ²=4.6， P<0.05）. （2） Influenza confirmation rate： 3.7% （4/108） in the observation group and 4.6% （5/108） in the control group， with no statistically significant difference. Secondary outcomes： （1） TCM symptom score scale： after onset， nasal congestion and runny nose scores differed significantly between the two groups （P<0.05）， while other symptoms such as fever， sore throat， and cough showed no significant differences. （2） Influenza-related emergency （outpatient） visit rate： 84.6% （11 cases） in the observation group and 96.0% （24 cases） in the control group， with no significant difference. （3） Time to onset after exposure： The median onset time after exposure to index patients was 7 days in the observation group and 4 days in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. ConclusionIn previously healthy children exposed to infectious influenza cases under unprotected conditions， Xiaoji Hufei formula prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of ILI. Xiaoji Hufei Formula can be recommended as a specific preventive prescription for influenza in children.

Coronary flow capacity (CFC) is a relatively new perfusion index reflecting the vasodilator capacity of the coronary circulation, which can be obtained by a variety of invasive or non-invasive methods. CFC, combining stress myocardial blood flow (sMBF) with coronary flow reserve (CFR), can achieve a more comprehensive assessment of myocardial perfusion, thus providing a strong basis of accurate guide in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment strategy of ischemic heart disease. This article reviews CFC and its significance, clinical application and progress.

Objective:To investigate the current status of self-regulatory fatigue in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From March 2022 to September 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 161 HSCT patients who were hospitalized and followed up in the Hematology Department of a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Jinan City. A survey was conducted on patients using the General Information Questionnaire, Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale (SRF-S), Perceived Social Support Scale, Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale, and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between self-regulatory fatigue and perceived social support, psychological resilience, and medical coping styles in patients after HSCT. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of self-regulatory fatigue in patients after HSCT.Results:A total of 161 questionnaires were distributed, and 156 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 96.89% (156/161). The total SRF-S score of 156 patients after HSCT was (49.06±6.62). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the current work or life status, perceived social support, psychological resilience, avoidance and surrender coping styles were the influencing factors of self-regulatory fatigue in patients after HSCT ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:After HSCT, patients generally experience self-regulatory fatigue, and psychological distress needs improvement. Medical and nursing staff should regularly evaluate the self-regulatory fatigue of patients and develop targeted intervention measures based on influencing factors to reduce the degree of self-regulatory fatigue of patients, improve their prognosis and psychological state.

Objective:To explore the different categories of home-based functional exercise adherence in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), identify the influencing factors, and provide a reference for the development of personalized intervention strategies.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling to select 320 patients who underwent unilateral primary TKA at The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University between November 2022 and January 2023. The Orthopedic Functional Exercise Compliance Scale, Rehabilitation Self-Efficacy Scale, and Social Support Rating Scale were used for data collection. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify the latent characteristics of home-based functional exercise adherence in TKA patients. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to explore the influencing factors among different subgroups.Results:A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, with 307 valid responses, yielding a recovery rate of 95.94%. The 307 patients were classified into three latent profile categories based on their characteristics: low adherence group (29.32%, 90/307), moderate adherence group (46.58%, 143/307), and high adherence group (24.10%, 74/307). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of comorbidities, marital status, home rehabilitation environment, pain score, education level, social support, and rehabilitation self-efficacy were influencing factors for home-based exercise adherence in TKA patients ( P< 0.05) . Conclusions:Home-based functional exercise adherence in TKA patients can be categorized into three latent profiles. Healthcare providers should implement targeted interventions based on the specific characteristics of each patient, with a focus on those with low adherence, to enhance their compliance with home-based exercises.

In view of the current situation of the construction of clinical pharmacist system and the teaching and training of clinical pharmacist training base in China, this paper provides a reference for perfecting and improving the training mode of clinical pharmacists in China. By establishing a clinical pharmacist system that develops a "two-focus" model, it takes the "trinity" of "hierarchical teaching-innovative practice-stage assessment" as the operating mechanism of teaching management, and the innovative mode of training clinical pharmacist talents with diversified information service platform as the technical support system, thereby providing an effective model for training excellent clinical pharmaceutical care talents.

An effective therapeutic regimen for hepatic fibrosis requires a deep understanding of the pathogenesis mechanism. Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) with an excessive production of extracellular matrix. Although promoted activation of HSCs by M2 macrophages has been demonstrated, the molecular mechanism involved remains ambiguous. Herein, we propose that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) involved in macrophage polarization may regulate the communication between macrophages and HSCs by changing the functions of exosomes. We confirm that activating the VDR can inhibit the effect of M2 macrophages on HSC activation. The exosomes derived from M2 macrophages can promote HSC activation, while stimulating VDR alters the protein profiles and reverses their roles in M2 macrophage exosomes. Smooth muscle cell-associated protein 5 (SMAP-5) was found to be the key effector protein in promoting HSC activation by regulating autophagy flux. Building on these results, we show that a combined treatment of a VDR agonist and a macrophage-targeted exosomal secretion inhibitor achieves an excellent anti-hepatic fibrosis effect. In this study, we aim to elucidate the association between VDR and macrophages in HSC activation. The results contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis mechanism of hepatic fibrosis, and provide potential therapeutic targets for its treatment.
Humans ; Hepatic Stellate Cells/pathology* ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology* ; Macrophages/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy， safety and economy of tacrolimus （TAC）， cyclosporin A （CsA）， cyclophosphamide （CTX） and rituximab （RTX） in the treatment of membranous nephropathy （MN）. METHODS Retrieved from Pubmed， the Cochrane Library， Wanfang data， CNKI and health technology assessment （HTA） official website， HTA reports， systematic reviews/meta-analysis and pharmacoeconomic studies about TAC， CsA， CTX and RTX combined with glucocorticoid in the treatment of MN were collected during the inception and Mar. 2022. After data extraction and quality evaluation， descriptive analysis was performed on the results of the included studies. RESULTS A total of 15 articles were included， involving 13 systematic reviews/meta-analysis and 2 pharmacoeconomic studies. In terms of efficacy， TAC and CsA showed significant advantages in increasing the response rate， and could improve the levels of urine protein， serum albumin， serum creatinine and serum total cholesterol. In terms of safety， the incidence of adverse reaction induced by TAC， CsA and RTX was low and the symptoms were mild. In terms of economics， CTX cost lower but caused severe adverse reaction； TAC cost higher but showed higher remission rate and good safety. CONCLUSIONS TAC combined with glucocorticoid may be the recommended scheme for MN.

OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced non- small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. METHODS Clinical data of patients with advanced NSCLC treated in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected. According to their chemotherapy regimen，they were divided into albumin-bound paclitaxel group and paclitaxel group， with 100 patients in each group. Both groups received chemotherapy regimen containing Paclitaxel for injection （albumin-bound） or Paclitaxel injection for at least 2 cycles （every 21 days as a cycle）. The progression-free survival （PFS） and efficacy of the two groups were compared，and the occurrence of toxic and side effects were recorded. RESULTS The patients in albumin-bound paclitaxel group completed 430 cycles of chemotherapy， with an average of 4.3 cycles； patients in paclitaxel group completed 476 cycles of chemotherapy， with an average of 4.8 cycles. The median PFS （4.0 months） and the response rate （13.00%） of albumin-bound paclitaxel group were not significantly different from those of paclitaxel group （4.0 months，9.00%） （P＞0.05）. The disease control rate （99.00%） was significantly higher than that in paclitaxel group （89.00%）， and the incidences of leukopenia， neutropenia， thrombocytopenia，anemia， sensory neuropathy， fatigue，nausea and vomiting，joint myalgia in albumin-bound paclitaxel group were significantly lower than those in paclitaxel group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Albumin-bound paclitaxel is effective in the treatment of advanced NSCLC， and it can better control the progression of the disease and is safer than ordinary paclitaxel.

The record speed at which Chinese scientists identified severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and shared its genomic sequence with the world, has greatly facilitated the development of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) diagnostics, drugs, and vaccines. It is unprecedented in pandemic control history to develop a dozen successful vaccines in the first year and to immunize over half of the global population in the second year, due to the efforts of the scientific community, biopharmaceutical industry, and regulatory agencies worldwide. The challenges are both great and multidimensional due to the rapid emergence of virus variants and waning of vaccine immunity. Vaccination strategies need to adapt to these challenges to keep population immunity above the herd immunity threshold, by increasing vaccine coverage, especially for older adults and young people, and providing timely booster doses with homologous or heterologous vaccine boosts. Further research should be undertaken to develop more effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants and to understand the best prime-boost vaccine combinations and immunization strategies to provide sufficient and sustainable immune protection against COVID-19.
Adolescent ; Aged ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination