ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the occupational noise exposure and arteriosclerosis in mechanical manufacturing workers. Methods A total of 453 employees of a machinery manufacturing enterprise were selected as the study subjects using the judgment sampling method. The noise exposure levels in their workplaces were measured, and their cumulative noise exposure (CNE) was assessed based on the type of job-noise exposure matrix and occupational hazard exposure history. Pure-tone audiometry was performed on the research subjects, and their brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured. Results The CNE was (91±11) dB(A) per year and the median baPWV was 1 278.0 cm/s in the research subjects. The results of the generalized linear regression model analysis showed that for every one dB(A) per year increase in CNE, the baPWV of the general population increased by 0.20% ［95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10%-0.30%, P<0.01］, with an increase of 0.17% in males (95%CI 0.06%-0.28%, P<0.01) and 0.28% in females (95%CI 0.07%-0.49%, P<0.01). Using the hearing loss as an outcome indicator for high intensity noise exposure, the results showed that baPWV increased by 7.04% (95%CI 2.42%-11.87%, P<0.01) in individuals with bilateral hearing loss, and by 9.84% and 6.53% (95%CI 3.07%-17.07% and 2.13%-11.11%, all P<0.01) in individuals with elevated high-frequency hearing thresholds in both ears and in either ear, respectively. There was no significant association in elevated speech-frequency hearing thresholds and arteriosclerosis (P>0.05). Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may increase the risk of arteriosclerosis.

Objective To explore the effect of a phased rehabilitation training programme to relieve shoulder dys-function in patients after neck dissection and to provide effective solutions for postoperative shoulder joint function recov-ery of patients.Methods This study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee,and informed consent has been obtained from patients.A phased rehabilitaiton training programme for the shoulder after neck dessection was developed through literature review and discussion,and 70 eligible patients from Hospital of Stomatology,Sun Yat-sen University from December 2020 to April 2021 were selected and randomly divided into the test group and control group(35 patients in each group).The control group underwent motor rehabilitation training from 6 weeks postoperative to 1 year after surgery,such as shoulder mobility and coordination training and small range of motion training of the neck,while the test group took part in a rehabilitation training program that included familiarization maneuver training,protective rehabilitation,exercise rehabilitation,and resistance training in the following four stages:preoperative,postop-erative general anesthesia and awake until the removal of stitches,the removal of stitches until 6 weeks after surgery,and 6 weeks after surgery until 1 year after surgery.The frequency of training in both groups was at least 3 days per week,and the length of each training session was 10-15 min.The intensity of exercise was 2-3 points on the Borg Conscious Ex-ercise Intensity Scale(i.e.,mild-to-moderate tachypnea or fatigue).The neck dissection injury index(NDII)was used to evaluate the quality of life related to shoulder joint function at four time points:preoperative,postoperative 3 months,postoperative 6 months,and postoperative 12 months.The higher the score,the better the quality of life.Results 28 cases in the test group and 32 cases in the control group completed a one-year follow-up.At 3 and 6 months postopera-tive,the NDII of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group[3 months postoperative:test group(93.48±9.36)vs.control group(80.00±11.34)(P＜0.001),6 months postoperative:test group(98.21±4.76)vs.control group(90.70±9.12)(P＜0.001)];12 months after surgery,the NDII of the test group(97.23±4.88)was still higher than that of the control group(96.33±4.49),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.458).The difference in NDII scores among subjects at 3,6,and 12 months after surgery was statistically significant in each group(P＜0.001).Conclusion The application of the phased rehabilitation training method in neck dissection patients has a feasibility and could improve the quality of life of patients'shoulder joint function within 6 months after surgery.

Objective:To observe any effect of family rehabilitation interventions based on digital health management on elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with sarcopenia.Methods:One hundred elderly T2DM patients with sarcopenia who had been discharged from hospital after treatment were divided into an observation group and a control group, each of 50. Both groups continued the diet control and training begun during their hospitalization, but the observation group was additionally provided with family rehabilitation based on digital health management. Before and after 3 months, the glucose and lipid metabolism and sarcopenia of both groups were evaluated with related symptom indexes, and their levels of diabetes self-management were compared.Results:Significant improvement was observed in both groups, but the average glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and sarcopenia-related symptom indexes of the observation group were significantly better than the control group′s averages. Their diabetes self-management was also significantly superior.Conclusion:Family rehabilitation based on digital health management can significantly improve glucose and lipid metabolism and muscle mass in elderly T2DM patients with sarcopenia. Such intervention is worthy of promotion and application in clinical practice.

Objective: To analyze the status of occupational medical examination (OME) institutions in Guangdong Province and the critical control points affecting their future development. Methods: A total of 211 OME institutions registered in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects. Their current statue was investigated, and the risk assessment of their future development was carried out based on hazard analysis and critical control point theory. Results: The OME institutions were mainly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta, accounting for 72.0%. The public and private medical and health institutions accounted for 70.6% and 29.4% respectively. The filing rates of different OME categories from high to low in the order were physical factors, chemical factors, dust, other, radiation factors, biological factors (P<0.01), and the filing rates were 89.6%, 88.6%, 84.8%, 63.0%, 7.1% and 1.0%, respectively. The rates of excellence in the field assessment from high to low in the order were hearing atlas analysis personnel, lung function examination operators, chest film reading personnel, chief examination physician, technical director, quality director (P<0.01), and the rates of excellence were 49.4%, 26.2%, 20.6%, 10.8%, 8.2% and 4.6%, respectively. A total of 37 institutions did not submit OME information, of which 23 institutions did not carry out OME work after filing. The required diagnosis rate and confirmed diagnosis rate of suspected occupational diseases in 2020 were 34.3% and 55.3%, respectively. In 2021, the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases was only 1.1‰. Among the institutions with biological monitoring records, 64.1% did not participate in external quality assessment program in laboratory, and the unqualified rate of 38 participating institutions was 55.3%. The risk assessment results show that the future development of OME institutions needs to focus on private institutions, institutions that have not reported OME information, institutions that have missed diagnosis and missed reporting of suspected occupational diseases, institutions that have not participated in external quality assessment program in laboratory and core personnel such as quality managers, technical leaders, and main inspection physicians. Conclusion: OME institutions in Guangdong Province show the characteristics of centralized filing category, centralized filing region and centralized filing institution nature. Combined with the potential risks of OME institutional capacity building, it is necessary to implement classified management, strengthen information construction, supervision and management, implement post responsibilities, and promote the high-quality development of OME institutions.

Objective To analyze the distribution features of newly reported cases of occupational welder′s pneumoconiosis (OWP) in Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2022. Methods Data of newly reported cases of OWP from National Occupational Disease Network Direct Reporting System of Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2022 was analyzed using conventional data analyzing Methods. Results A total of 294 cases of OWP were reported in Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2022 with an overall downward trend. The average age at diagnosis for new OWP cases was 44±6 years old, and the median of dust exposure duration was 11 years. Males accounted for 99.3% of the cases, and 94.2% of the cases were phase Ⅰ OWP. Guangzhou City had the highest regional distribution with 74.8% of the cases. The industry distribution was mainly manufacturing, accounting for 86.7% of the cases. The scale of enterprises was most common in small enterprises, followed by large and medium-sized enterprises, accounting for 38.4%, 30.6% and 24.5% of the cases respectively. The economic types of enterprises were mostly private enterprises, followed by state-owned enterprises, accounting for 54.1% and 32.0% of the cases respectively. Conclusion In Guangdong Province, the newly reported OWP cases were clustered in terms of disease stage, regional distribution, industry, enterprise scale and enterprise economic type. There was a tendency of younger age at diagnosis and shorter dust exposure duration.

Glycolytic metabolism enzymes have been implicated in the immunometabolism field through changes in metabolic status. PGK1 is a catalytic enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. Here, we set up a high-throughput screen platform to identify PGK1 inhibitors. DC-PGKI is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of PGK1 with an affinity of K _d = 99.08 nmol/L. DC-PGKI stabilizes PGK1 in vitro and in vivo, and suppresses both glycolytic activity and the kinase function of PGK1. In addition, DC-PGKI unveils that PGK1 regulates production of IL-1β and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Mechanistically, inhibition of PGK1 with DC-PGKI results in NRF2 (nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2, NFE2L2) accumulation, then NRF2 translocates to the nucleus and binds to the proximity region of Il-1β and Il-6 genes, and inhibits LPS-induced expression of these genes. DC-PGKI ameliorates colitis in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. These data support PGK1 as a regulator of macrophages and suggest potential utility of PGK1 inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective:To explore the effect of teach-back method combined with motivational interviewing in diabetic patients.Methods:From June 2018 to June 2021, 188 diabetic patients admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital were selected as subjects by convenience sampling. The subjects were divided into the intervention group and the control group, with 94 cases in each group, according to the number of visits to the hospital at the time of admission. The patients in the control group were given routine diabetes health education, and the patients in the intervention group received the teach-back method combined with motivational interviewing. The blood glucose, knowledge, attitude and practice, self-management ability and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:The fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose of the two groups of patients after intervention were lower than those before intervention, and the fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose of the intervention group after intervention were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The knowledge, attitude, practice scores and total scores of the two groups after intervention were higher than those before intervention, and the knowledge, attitude, practice scores and total score of the intervention group after intervention were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The dimension scores of self-management ability of the two groups after the intervention were higher than those before the intervention, and the dimension scores of self-management ability of the intervention group after intervention were higher than those of the control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.05) . The dimension scores and total score of quality of life in the two groups after intervention were lower than those before intervention, and the dimension scores and total score of quality of life in the intervention group after intervention were lower than those in the control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The teach-back method combined with motivational interviewing can effectively improve the knowledge, attitude, practice and self-management ability of diabetic patients, which is beneficial to the improvement of blood glucose control and quality of life, and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Grey matter (GM) alterations may contribute to cognitive decline in individuals with white matter hyperintensities (WMH) but no consensus has yet emerged. Here, we investigated cortical thickness and grey matter volume in 23 WMH patients with mild cognitive impairment (WMH-MCI), 43 WMH patients without cognitive impairment, and 55 healthy controls. Both WMH groups showed GM atrophy in the bilateral thalamus, fronto-insular cortices, and several parietal-temporal regions, and the WMH-MCI group showed more extensive and severe GM atrophy. The GM atrophy in the thalamus and fronto-insular cortices was associated with cognitive decline in the WMH-MCI patients and may mediate the relationship between WMH and cognition in WMH patients. Furthermore, the main results were well replicated in an independent dataset from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database and in other control analyses. These comprehensive results provide robust evidence of specific GM alterations underlying WMH and subsequent cognitive impairment.

Objective:To explore the effect of intervention strategy based on concept of behavioral goal attainment on medication compliance of patients with hyperthyroidism after discharge.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 104 patients with hyperthyroidism who were admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January to November 2019 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into the control group and the observation group by simple random grouping method, with 52 cases in each group. The control group was given routine follow-up nursing intervention, while the observation group was given follow-up nursing intervention based on the concept of behavioral goal attainment. Before intervention and 12 weeks after intervention, medication compliance, mastery of knowledge, uncertainty, self-efficacy and serological indexes including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) , free thyroxine (FT 4) and free triiodothyronine (FT 3) were compared of the two groups. Results:There was no statistically significant difference in scores of compliance, hyperthyroidism-related knowledge questionnaire, uncertainty and self-efficacy and serum TSH, FT 4 and FT 3 levels in the control group before and after intervention ( P>0.05) . After 12 weeks of intervention, scores of compliance, hyperthyroidism-related knowledge questionnaire and self-efficacy score and serum TSH level of the observation group were higher than those before the intervention and the control group, while uncertainty score and serum FT 4 and FT 3 levels were lower than those before intervention and the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Intervention strategies based on concept of behavioral goal attainment can not only improve medication compliance of patients with hyperthyroidism, but also enhance the ability of patients to master disease-related knowledge, which has positive significance for controlling of disease development.

Objective:To establish a multidisciplinary information-based blood glucose management dominated by nurses, improve the specialized knowledge of non-endocrinological liaison nurses, and achieve homogenization of blood glucose management in the whole hospital.Methods:A multidisciplinary blood glucose management system was established in the hospital with the help of internet technology. From August to December 2018, specialized training was provided to totally 86 liaison nurses from 58 wards. Virtual wards were constructed using information technology, and remote treatment was provided to diabetic patients. A total of 10 wards were selected out of 58 wards, and the 212 diabetic patients who were admitted to the 10 wards in May 2018 were included into the control group, and the general consultation system in the hospital was adopted for them. Totally 238 diabetic patients admitted in May 2019 were included into the experimental group, and were subjected to multidisciplinary information-based blood glucose management. The diabetes knowledge of the liaison nurses before and after the training as well as the blood glucose management quality and patient satisfaction of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:After the training, the diabetes-related knowledge scores of the liaison nurses increased, and the difference was statistically significant compared with that before the training ( P<0.05) . The fasting blood glucose compliance rate at discharge, 2 h postprandial blood glucose compliance rate, in-hospital glycosylated hemoglobin detection rate, glucose tolerance detection rate, and patient satisfaction of the experimental group were 97.48%, 92.02%, 83.61%, 44.79%, and 99.16% respectively, all higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Creating a virtual ward and implementing multidisciplinary informatized-based blood glucose management can improve the quality of blood glucose management and satisfaction of diabetic patients, which is of certain clinical significance and is worth promoting in clinical practice.