ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of rhizosphere organic acids secreted by the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza on continuous cropping obstacles. MethodsThe mixed solution of organic acids in the rhizosphere of S. miltiorrhiza in continuous cropping and rotation cropping was added to the hairy roots subcultured for 21 days， and samples were collected on days 0， 2， 4， 6， 8， and 10. The changes of biomass， effective components， primary metabolites， secondary metabolites， antioxidant enzymes， and hormones in hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza were observed and determined. ResultsCompared with the rotation cropping group and the blank control group， the simulation of organic acid secretion from the roots of S. miltiorrhiza had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of hairy roots and decreased the content of effective components as well as total sugar and total protein in primary metabolites. Compared with the blank control group， the rotation cropping group and the continuous cropping group showed total sugar and total protein content decreases of 33.9% and 5.1%， respectively. On the other hand， the secretion of organic acids from S. miltiorrhiza roots significantly promoted the accumulation of total phenolic acids and total tanshinone， which showed increases of 14.6% and 1.6%， respectively， in continuous cropping group and rotation cropping group compared with the blank control group. ConclusionThe organic acid environment under continuous cropping significantly inhibited the growth of hairy roots and the accumulation of primary metabolites， while promoting the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza.

Objective : To investigate the effect of chromosome instability(CIN) associated gene polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 7(GALNT7) on proliferation and apoptosis of HCT116 colon cancer cells. Methods : The HCT116 cell line withGALNT7knockdown was constructed by lentiviral infection. The correlation betweenGALNT7and CIN was verified by chromosome spread assay. The effect ofGALNT7on cell proliferation was detected by live cell counting, and the effect ofGALNT7on cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. Caspase-3 activity and Western blot assays were used to detect the effect ofGALNT7on apoptosis. Results : HCT116 cells showed a slower proliferation rate upon knocking down ofGALNT7, and exhibited a more scattered karyotype distribution and a phenotype of increased degree of CIN. Inhibition ofGALNT7in HCT116 cells resulted in cell cycle arrest, upregulation of P21 and downregulation of CDK6 protein levels, as well as increased levels of Caspase-3 activity, cleaved PARP1 and PUMA protein expression, and decreased levels of BCL-2 protein expression. Conclusion TheGALNT7gene may promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of HCT116 colon cancer cells through the suppression of CIN generation.

Objective:To observe the characteristics and differences of gut microbiota in asthma patients with different inflammatory types through metagenomic analysis.Methods:Adults aged ≥18 years who visited the Respiratory Clinic of Peking University Third Hospital from August 1, 2021 to August 31, 2022 and were primarily diagnosed with asthma were selected as the study subjects. Finally, 29 patients with stable asthma were included. Fresh fecal samples were collected and the fecal DNA was extracted for high-throughput 16sRNA sequencing of gut microbiota. The diversity and community structure of gut microbiota in different groups of asthma patients were compared, and the species differences were analyzed through random forest and LEfSe analysis.Results:There were sex-based differences in asthma patients with different types of inflammation, and the proportion of female patients was higher in neutrophilic asthma patients ( χ2=4.14, P=0.042). There was no significant intergroup difference in the alpha diversity of gut microbiota among asthma patients with different inflammatory types, but there were significant differences in the microbiome. Patients with neutrophilic asthma had higher relative abundance of Bacillales ( P=0.029) and Oscillospiraceae ( P=0.015). In species LEfSe analysis, patients with eosinophilic asthma had a higher relative abundance of fungi. Conclusion:There are intergroup differences in the gut microbiota of asthma patients with different inflammation types, and fungi are biomarkers that distinguish the differences in gut microbiota between patients with eosinophilic asthma and neutrophilic asthma.

Objective:To explore the relationship among ruminating,affiliate stigma and post-traumatic growth in parents of autistic children.Methods:Totally 339 parents of autistic children were selected.The Affiliate Stigma Scale(ASS),Post-traumatic Growth Inventory(PTGI),ERRI Intrusive Subscale(ERRI-I)and ERRI De-liberate Subscale(ERRI-D)of Event Related Rumination Inventory(ERRI)were used to measure affiliate stigma,post-traumatic growth,intrusive ruminating and deliberate ruminating.SPSS macro program PROCESS was used to test the mediating role.Results:There were positive correlations among the scores of ASS,ERRI-I and ERRI-D(r=0.39-0.72,Ps＜0.01).The PTGl scores were negatively correlated with ASS scores(r=0.26,Ps＜0.01)and positively correlated with ERRI-D scores(r=0.10,Ps＜0.05).The ERRI-D scores played a partial mediating role in the relationship between ASS and PTGl scores(95％CI:0.01-0.07).The ERRI-I scores and ERRI-D scores played a serial mediating role in the relationship between ASS and PTGI scores(95％CI:0.03-0.14).Both me-diation paths had suppression effect.Conclusion:In the negative correlation between affiliate stigma and post-trau-matic growth in parents of autistic children,the deliberate ruminating plays a partial mediating role,while intrusive ruminating and deliberate ruminating play a serial mediating role.

Objective : Using RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to explore the expres⁃ sion , mechanism , and clinical significance of KCTD7 in hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) . Methods : The RNA sequencing data and clinical information of HCC patients were downloaded from the TCGA database . Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to explore the correlation between the expression level of the KCTD7 gene in HCC and the clinical information and prognosis of patients . Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ( GSEA) was used to predict possible pathways regulated by the KCTD7 gene in HCC . Single⁃sample GSEA (ssGSEA) was used to compare immune infiltration between KCTD7 high expression group and low expression group . KCTD7 knockdown HCC cell lines were established to explore its function and possible mechanism in HCC regulation . Results: KCTD7 was highly expressed in HCC tissues compared to normal tissues (P < 0. 01) . The overall survival rate of HCC patients with high expression of KCTD7 gene was worse (P < 0. 05) . The expression level of KCTD7 was an independent risk factor affecting the overall survival of HCC patients . GSEA results showed that the KCTD7 gene was related to cell cycle signaling pathways . In the tumor microenvironment , high expression of the KCTD7 gene was positively correlated with activated CD4 + T cells , central memory CD4 + T cells , and natural killer cells . Knocking down KCTD7might inhibit HCC cell proliferation , impair cell cycle distribution , and promote apoptosis . Conclusion KCTD7 gene is highly expressed in HCC and affects the prognostic survival of HCC patients . Knocking down KCTD7 can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and promote apoptosis .

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Danggui Shaoyaosan （DSS） in the improvement of the cognitive ability of SAMP8 mice with Alzheimer's disease （AD） via regulating the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway （UPP）. MethodFifteen SAMR1 mice were used as a normal group， and 60 SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into a model group and DSS high， medium， and low-dose groups （57.6， 28.8， and 14.4 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 15 mice in each group. Intragastric administration was conducted for eight continuous weeks. Place navigation and spatial capacity were evaluated by Morris water maze. Pathological structure changes in neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area was detected by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The protein expression levels of hippocampal β-amyloid protein（Aβ） and phosphorylation（p）-Tau were determined by immunohistochemical staining （IHC） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of hippocampal ubiquitin （Ub）， ubiquitin ligase E3 （E3）， 26S proteasome， ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase-1 （UCHL1）， and UCHL3 were determined by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. ResultAs compared with the normal group， the escape latency was prolonged in the model group （P<0.05） with the reduced number of crossing platform quadrants and time ratio in the platform quadrant （P<0.05）. The model group decreased neurons and condensed cell bodies in the CA1 area， and increased β-amyloid precursor protein （β-APP） and p-Tau positive cells （P<0.05）. In the model group， the protein expression levels of Aβ and p-Tau were increased （P<0.05）， the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ub were increased （P<0.05）， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of E3， 26S proteasome， UCHL1， and UCHL3 were decreased （P<0.05）. As compared with the model group， the escape latency was shortened in the DSS high and medium-dose groups （P<0.05） with an increased number of crossing platform quadrants and residence time ratio （P<0.05）. The pathological changes in CA1 of each DSS group were significantly improved， and the number of β-APP positive staining cells decreased （P<0.05）. The number of p-Tau positive staining cells decreased in the DDS medium and low-dose groups （P<0.05）. The protein expression levels of Aβ and p-Tau in each DDS group decreased （P<0.05）， and the mRNA expression level of Ub in each group decreased （P <0.05）. The mRNA expression levels of 26S， E3， and UCHL3 in the DDS high and medium-dose groups increased （P<0.05）， and the mRNA expression level of UCHL1 in the DDS medium-dose group increased （P<0.05）. The protein expression level of Ub in each DDS group decreased， and the protein expression levels of 26S， E3， UCHL1+3 in the DDS high and medium-dose groups increased （P<0.05）. ConclusionDSS can improve the cognitive ability of SAMP8 mice， and its mechanism may be related to the reduction of the abnormal deposition of Aβ and p-Tau via decreasing the expression of Ub and increasing that of E3， 26S， UCHL1， and UCHL3 in the UPP.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of Danggui Shaoyaosan （DSS）-contained serum on β-amyloid （Aβ）_1-40-injured rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cells and its mechanism in regulating ubiquitin-proteasome pathway （UPP）. MethodAβ_1-40 was used to intervene PC12 cells to prepare the cell models of Alzheimer's disease （AD）， and the experiment was divided into the blank， model， and DSS-contained serum high， medium， and low-dose groups （10%， 5%， and 2.5%）. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method and flow cytometry， respectively. The content of Aβ and p-Tau protein was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The ubiquitin （Ub）， ubiquitin ligase E3 （E3）， 26S proteasome， ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase1 （UCHL1）， and UCHL3 protein expressions of UPP were displayed using immunofluorescence cytochemistry （ICC）， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ub， E3-parkin， 26S， UCHL1， and UCHL3 were determined by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. ResultThe data of the CCK8 experiment verified that 5 μmol·L^-1 and 48 hours were the optimal conditions for modeling Aβ_1-40-injured PC12 cells. As compared with the blank group， the cell viability rate in the model group decreased （P<0.05） with an increased apoptosis rate （P<0.05）， the content of Aβ and p-Tau contents was elevated （P<0.05）， the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ub increased， and the mRNA and protein expression levels of 26S， E3， and UCHL1+3 decreased （P<0.05）. As compared with the model group， the cell viability rate in the DSS-contained medium-dose group increased （P<0.05）， whereas the apoptosis rate in each DSS-contained group decreased （P<0.05）. The content of Aβ in each DDS-contained group decreased （P<0.05）， and the content of p-Tau in the DDS-contained high and medium-dose groups decreased （P<0.05）. The mRNA expression level of Ub decreased， and that of 26S increased in each DDS-contained group （P<0.05）. The mRNA expression level of UCHL1 in the DDS-contained medium-dose group increased （P<0.05）， and the mRNA expression levels of E3 and UCHL 3 in the DDS-contained high and medium-dose groups increased （P<0.05）. The protein expression level of Ub in each DDS-contained group decreased， and the protein expression levels of 26S， E3， and UCHL1+3 in the DDS high and medium-dose groups increased. The DSS-contained serum medium-dose group exerted the optimal effect. ConclusionDSS-contained serum can increase cell viability rate， reduce cell apoptosis rate， eliminate Aβ and p-Tau protein deposits， and exert protective effects on Aβ_1-40-injured PC12 cells. Its mechanism may involve UPP via decreasing the expression of Ub and increasing that of 26S， E3， UCHL1， and UCHL3.

ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of Danggui Shaoyaosan （DSS） on the gut microbiota of the Alzheimer's disease （AD） model in SAMP8 mice based on 16S rDNA sequencing. MethodTwenty-four SAMP8 mice aged seven months were randomly divided into low-， medium-， and high-dose DSS groups （14.4， 28.8， 57.6 g·kg^-1·d^-1） and a model group according to a random number table， with six rats in each group. Six SAMR1 mice of the same age were assigned to the normal group. After intragastric administration for eight consecutive weeks， 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to detect the gut microbiota of feces in mice. Morris water maze was employed to assess the directional navigation and space exploration ability of mice. Nissl staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to measure the protein content of hippocampal amyloid β-protein （Aβ） and hyperphosphorylated Tau （p-Tau）. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group presented a declining α diversity （P<0.05）， markedly altered β diversity， prolonged escape latency （P<0.05）， reduced number of platform crossings and cumulative duration in the targeted quadrant （P<0.05）， decreased neurons and Nissl bodies in the CA1 hippocampal area， and up-regulated Aβ and p-Tau expression （P<0.05）. However， DSS intervention enhanced the α diversity， and medium- and high-dose DSS， especially the medium-dose DSS， could result in α diversity similar to the control group. Moreover， at the phylum level， the abundance of Firmicutes increased （P<0.05）， while the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria decreased （P<0.05）. At the genus level， the abundance of Lactobacillus and other genera increased （P<0.05）， while the abundance of Bacteroides， Helicobacterium， Rikenella， Parabacteroides， Sutterella， and Mucilaginibacter decreased （P<0.05）. The DSS groups also showed shortened escape latency （P<0.05）， increased number of platform crossings and cumulative duration in the targeted quadrant （P<0.05）， increased Nissl bodies （P<0.05）， and reduced Aβ and p-Tau content （P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the abundance of Mucilaginibacter， Bacteroides， and Sutterella was negatively correlated with the cognitive ability of SAMP8 mice， while the abundance of Lactobacillus and Butyricimonas was positively correlated with the cognitive ability of SAMP8 mice. ConclusionDSS can improve the cognitive ability of SAMP8 mice， and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of gut microbiota diversity and community composition.

OBJECTIVE To explore and establis h a general pharmacist system suitable for China ’s national conditions ，and to improve the rational use of drugs in primary medical institutions . METHODS Under the leadership of Tianhe District Health Bureau of Guangzhou ，relying on the regional pharmaceutical specialty alliance ，general pharmacist system of medical consortium was established ，and the general pharmacist was responsible for the overall planning of pharmaceutical care in the medical consortium. The joint management office of pharmaceutical care was established ，and the training of the pharmacists in the medical consortium was organized. A regional audit center was established to realize the prescription review of 13 community health service centers in the medical consortium. “Internet plus ”home pharmaceutical care was carried out ，and science popularization education was provided for communities ，schools，enterprises and institutions. RESULTS After systematic training and assessment ，three pharmacist teams had been successfully established in the medical consortium to provide prescription review ，science popularization and education and family pharmacist services for community residents ；the regional audit center successfully intercepted 17.17％ of unreasonable prescriptions ，reducing the amount of unreasonable drug use by a total of 6.56 million yuan. After the intervention of prescription review system ，the qualified rate of outpatient prescriptions in community health service centers was ≥95％，and the qualified rate increased by an average of 6％. The department of pharmaceutical science popularization and education held 35 science popularization and free clinic activities ，of which 71.20％ of the residents believed that the activities had improved their understanding of drugs. In addition ，111 cases patients serviced by home pharmaceutical care were carried out successfully by pharmacist team ，and the patients ’acceptance of pharmacist intervention was 91.89％ . CONCLUSIONS Under the new medical reform ，it is feasible to implement a regional general pharmacist system within the medical consortium ， which improves the pharmaceutical administration and pharmaceuticalcare capabilities of m edical institutions in the medical consortium，as well as the level of rational drug use ，and reduces the me dical burden.

The Brodmann area(BA)-based map is one of the most widely used cortical maps for studies of human brain functions and in clinical practice;however,the molecular architecture of BAs remains unknown.The present study provided a global multiregional proteomic map of the human cerebral cortex by analyzing 29 BAs.These 29 BAs were grouped into 6 clusters based on similarities in proteomic patterns:the motor and sensory cluster,vision cluster,auditory and Broca's area cluster,Wernicke's area cluster,cingulate cortex cluster,and heterogeneous function cluster.We identified 474 cluster-specific and 134 BA-specific signature proteins whose functions are closely associated with specialized functions and disease vulnerability of the corresponding clus-ter or BA.The findings of the present study could provide explanations for the functional connec-tions between the anterior cingulate cortex and sensorimotor cortex and for anxiety-related function in the sensorimotor cortex.The brain transcriptome and proteome comparison indicates that they both could reflect the function of cerebral cortex,but show different characteristics.These pro-teomic data are publicly available at the Human Brain Proteome Atlas(www.brain-omics.com).Our results may enhance our understanding of the molecular basis of brain functions and provide an important resource to support human brain research.