ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of rhizosphere organic acids secreted by the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza on continuous cropping obstacles. MethodsThe mixed solution of organic acids in the rhizosphere of S. miltiorrhiza in continuous cropping and rotation cropping was added to the hairy roots subcultured for 21 days， and samples were collected on days 0， 2， 4， 6， 8， and 10. The changes of biomass， effective components， primary metabolites， secondary metabolites， antioxidant enzymes， and hormones in hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza were observed and determined. ResultsCompared with the rotation cropping group and the blank control group， the simulation of organic acid secretion from the roots of S. miltiorrhiza had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of hairy roots and decreased the content of effective components as well as total sugar and total protein in primary metabolites. Compared with the blank control group， the rotation cropping group and the continuous cropping group showed total sugar and total protein content decreases of 33.9% and 5.1%， respectively. On the other hand， the secretion of organic acids from S. miltiorrhiza roots significantly promoted the accumulation of total phenolic acids and total tanshinone， which showed increases of 14.6% and 1.6%， respectively， in continuous cropping group and rotation cropping group compared with the blank control group. ConclusionThe organic acid environment under continuous cropping significantly inhibited the growth of hairy roots and the accumulation of primary metabolites， while promoting the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites of S. miltiorrhiza.

OBJECTIVE To conduct rapid health technology assessment （HTA） of ulinastatin （UTI）， and to evaluate the efficacy， safety and cost-effectiveness of UTI in the treatment of acute pancreatitis （AP）. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， Wanfang database， CBM and official websites of HTA institutions， the systematic review （SR）/meta-analysis， economic evaluation and HTA reports of UTI in the treatment of AP were collected from the inception to Apr. 2024. Two researchers independently conducted screening， quality evaluation and data extraction according to the admission and exclusion criteria， and descriptive analysis was adopted to analyze and summarize the data. RESULTS A total of 19 studies were included， involving 15 SR/meta-analysis and 4 economic studies， and no HTA report was retrieved. In the treatment of AP， UTI showed clear advantages over conventional treatment alone in terms of improving the overall effective rate， shortening the recovery time of amylase， reducing the time required to relieve abdominal pain and distension， lowering the mortality rate， and decreasing the average hospital stay. Compared to other positive drugs （carbendate mesylate， octreotide， somatostatin， etc.）， its efficacy is similar， with a favorable safety profile. As far as the current research was concerned， UTI had obvious economic advantages over other positive drugs. CONCLUSIONS UTI is safe and effective in the treatment of AP， and has economic advantages.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Chinese reading aloud training (c-RAT) on cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND).Methods:From January 2018 to January 2019, totally 80 patients with VCIND in the General Hospital of Xingtai Mining Group were enrolled.Subjects were randomized grouped into c-RAT group ( n=43) and control group ( n=37). The c-RAT group was asked to read aloud the Chinese paper for 5 days a week for 12 weeks.At the time of enrollment and 12 weeks after the intervention, the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), trail making test (TMT), auditory verb learn test (AVLT), digit symbol substitution test (DSST) and modified Barthel index (MBI) were filled out. Results:Compared with control group, the difference of D-value in c-RAT group was statistically significant in MoCA total scores(4.00(2.00), 1.50(0.50), Z=3.012, P=0.003), scores of MoCA-Visual space execution (2.00(1.00), 0.00(2.00), Z=2.787, P=0.008), MoCA-attention (1.00(1.00), 0.00(0.50), Z=2.369, P=0.022), MoCA-language (1.00(1.00), 0.00(0.75), Z=3.049, P=0.000)and MoCA-delayed recall(2.00(2.00), 0.00(1.00), Z=2.043, P=0.014), TMT-A scores (-8.00(23.00), 10.50(30.25), Z=2.120, P=0.039), AVLT scores (1earning)(3.00(2.00), 0.50(0.75), Z=2.266, P=0.039) , AVLT scores (recall)(2.00(1.00), 0.00(1.00), Z=2.974, P=0.003)、AVLT scores (recognition) (2.00(0.00), 0.50(1.50), Z=3.054, P=0.000)and DSST scores ((4.96±0.71), (2.39±0.78), t=2.572, P=0.014), while there were no significant differences in the rest parts of MoCA, TMT-B and MBI( P>0.05). The increased scores in DSST were positively correlated ( r=0.205, P=0.006) with the number of reading aloud tasks finished. Conclusion:C-RAT can improve general cognition, especially in information processing speed, executive function, attention and auditory memory.

Objective:To compare the pregnancy outcome and neonates prognosis in the late pregnant women with or without group B streptococcus (GBS) infection, and the women with or without standard treatment for GBS, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the maternal and infant prognosis.Methods:From July 2018 to June 2019, women in the late stage of pregnancy who came to Tongzhou Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Beijing for prenatal examination were selected in our study. Questionnaire survey and GBS sampling test were conducted. They were divided into two groups based on the result of GBS positive or negative, and women with GBS infection were further divided two groups whether they accepted standard treatment for GBS or not. All of them were followed up to observe and record the situation of pregnancy outcome and neonates prognosis.Results:1 127 women completed the GBS test and follow-up in this study with an average age of (26.5±4.8)years old and a mean gestation of (36.6±0.9)weeks. Of them, 142 women were tested for GBS positive, and the rate of GBS infection was 12.6%. 104 women (73.2%) accepted the standard treatment for GBS. The incidence of puerperium infection (4.9% vs 0.9%, P=0.001), neonatal infection (2.1% vs 0.1%, P=0.003), neonatal asphyxia (2.8% vs 0.5%, P=0.017), amniotic fluid pollution (4.2% vs 1.1%, P=0.013) in the GBS positive group were significantly higher than those of the GBS negative group. Furthermore, the incidence of puerperium infection (13.2% vs 1.9%, P=0.021) and amniotic fluid pollution (15.8% vs 0, P<0.001) in the group with out GBS standard treatment were significantly higher than the group with GBS standard treatment. Conclusions:GBS infection in the late stage of pregnancy can significantly increase the incidence of infection, and the outcome for pregnant women and infant may be worse if they do not accept standard treatment. Therefore, GBS screening for pregnant women in the late stage of pregnancy and early effective treatment are very essential to improve the maternal and infant prognosis.

Alzheimer′s disease (AD) is an incurable disease in the field of major chronic diseases. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a clinical risk factor for AD. The standardized screening and intervention in individuals with SCD are of great importance in early prevention and treatment of AD. According to the clinical criteria proposed by The characterisation of subjective cognitive decline, which was published online in Lancet Neurology, the article summarized the definition of SCD, the latest perspective of clinical standards in SCD, and the results of AD preclinical SCD research. The purpose of this work was to provide concrete guidance and recommendations for making clinical decisions in diagnosis and scientific research on SCD.

Objective: To explore the effects of ApoE epsilon4 (ApoE-ε4) alleles on cognitive function and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI) based on a prospective cohort study. Methods: An average of 20 months of prospective observations were conducted on 16 ApoE-ε4-carriers and 24 non-carriers of aMCI. Neuropsychological assessments and rs-fMRI data were collected at both baseline and follow-up. All participants were assessed by a battery of neuropsychological tests and underwent rs-fMRI. Two core regions of the default mode network (DMN), the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), were selected as seeds to calculate the functional connectivity. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess the effects of ApoE genotype(ε4-carriers, nonε4-carriers), interval and the interaction between these two factors for functional connectivity extracted from changed region found by t-test.Conversion rates of dementia were compared between ApoE-ε4-carriers and nonε4-carriers at follow-up using Chi-square test. For the comparison of functional connectivity and clinical data between ApoE-ε4-carriers and nonsε4-carriers in baseline and follow-up, the normal distribution test was carried out first. If the normal distribution was fitted, the two-sample t test was used, otherwise, the Mann-Whitney rank sum test was used. Finally, the general linear model was used to assess the relationships between alterations in functional connectivity and in neuropsychological assessments as well as the interaction effect. Results: (1)Significant decline in memory domains were found in ApoE-ε4-carriers as compared to non-carriers at both baseline and follow-up. The ApoE-ε4-carriers (14/16) presented a higher conversation rate than non-carriers(13/24, χ²=4.862, P=0.027) at follow-up. (2)Functional imaging analysis revealed that ApoE-ε4-carriers exhibited significantly higher functional connectivity between the left PCC and the left angular (ApoE-ε4-carriers: 0.23±0.11, non-carriers: -0.03±0.13, t=4.800, cluster size: 1 944 mm³, P=0.004), and between the left mPFC and the left angular (ApoE-ε4-carriers: 0.33±0.21, non-carriers: 0.08±0.18, t=5.040, cluster size:1 836 mm³, P=0.006) as compared to non-carriers at follow-up. We detected significant effect for the interaction interval by ApoE-ε4 on functional connectivity between the left angular and the left PCC (F=10.833, P=0.002)as well as the left mPFC (F=7.280, P=0.010). (3)The alteration of functional connectivity value between the left mPFC and the left angular in ApoE-ε4-carriers was positively correlated with the changes ofimmediate memory (r=0.692, P=0.018). The correlation was not statistically significant in ApoE-ε4-noncarriers (r=-0.198, P=0.417) and the integration effect was significant (F=8.632, P=0.006). Conclusions The ApoE-ε4 actually accelerates the deterioration of cognitive function in aMCI patients and carriers presented relatively reserved functional connectivity between the left angular and other core regions within DMN, which indicated the disruption of functional connectivity may be one of the underline mechanisms of ApoE-ε4 during AD process.

Objective: To investigate the role of microRNA-96-5p in the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods: From June 2015 to January 2017, 53 resected specimens were collected. The transcriptional levels of microRNA-96-5p and forkhead box Q1 (FoxQ1) in gastric cancer tissues and the matched para-cancerous tissues were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of FoxQ1 protein was also detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between microRNA-96-5p expression and the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer and its correlation with FoxQ1 expression were analyzed. The expressions of miRNA-96-5p in gastric cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue were detected by qRT-PCR. miRNA-96-5p mimics was transfected to BGC-823 gastric cancer cells. The effects of miRNA-96-5p on cell proliferation and invasion were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The protein expressions of FoxQ1, E-cadherin and vimentin were determined by western blot. The relationship between FoxQ1 and miRNA-96-5p expressed in BGC-823 cells was detected by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results: The median expression of miRNA-96-5p in gastric cancer tissue was 1.05, significantly lower than 3.23 of para-cancerous tissues (P<0.05). The positive rate of FoxQ1 expression in gastric cancer tissue was 71.7%, significantly higher than 28.3% of para-cancerous tissues (P<0.05). The expression of FoxQ1 was negatively corelated with the level of miRNA-96-5p (r=-0.613, P=0.006). The expression of miRNA-96-5p in gastric cancer cell BGC-823 was significantly decreased compared with normal gastric epithelial cell (0.96±0.08 vs 2.84±0.15, P<0.05). The results of CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay showed that overexpression of miRNA-96-5p significantly reduced the proliferation and invasion abilities of gastric cancer cells (P<0.05). Overexpression of miRNA-96-5p decreased the protein level of FoxQ1. Moreover, it upregulated the expression of E-cadherin and downregulated the expression of vimentin. The result of dual-luciferase-3′-UTR reporter assay confirmed that miRNA-96-5p binds to the 3′UTR of FoxQ1. Conclusion miRNA-96-5p may suppress the proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric cancer cell by down-regulation of FoxQ1.

Objective We utilized a joint independent component analysis (Joint ICA), a novel method that combined rs?fMRI and DTI information, to describe comprehensive characteristics of brain functional activities and microstructural changes in the continuum of AD. Methods We employed a Joint ICA to calculate ALFF maps of fMRI data and FA maps of DTI data and fuse them in healthy controls (n=68), SCD (n=35), amnesic MCI (n=47) and AD (n=31). Besides, we applied one way ANOVA to detect the significant differences of joint components among groups, while controlling the age, gender, education, head motion, volumes of gray matter, white matter and CSF. Partial correlation analysis was used to test the relationships between joint ICs and cognitive measures. Results The results showed that there was no inner?group difference in HC and SCD groups (F=14.16, P<0.05). Compared to HC, SCD and AD groups, the ALFF component of aMCI group showed higher values in the bilateral cerebellum, bilateral precuneus, bilateral angular gyrus, bilateral frontal gyrus, bilateral temporal areas, thalamus and left insula. And in these regions, the ALFF of AD group was lower than HC. For the FA component map, same differences were found in the corpus callosum and limbic system. Furthermore, positive partial correlation between the IC weights and Mini?Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores was also found (r=0.29, P<0.01). Conclusions Multi?modal evaluation of AD has been implemented by using Joint ICA analysis of fMRI?DTI, which would contribute to early prediction, diagnosis, and even effective intervention in AD. These findings could help to explain the underlying mechanism of the disease progression.

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA?96?5p in the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods From June 2015 to January 2017, 53 resected specimens were collected. The transcriptional levels of microRNA?96?5p and forkhead box Q1 (FoxQ1) in gastric cancer tissues and the matched para?cancerous tissues were quantified by quantitative real?time PCR (qRT?PCR). The expression of FoxQ1 protein was also detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between microRNA?96?5p expression and the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer and its correlation with FoxQ1 expression were analyzed. The expressions of miRNA?96?5p in gastric cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue were detected by qRT?PCR. miRNA?96?5p mimics was transfected to BGC?823 gastric cancer cells. The effects of miRNA?96?5p on cell proliferation and invasion were detected by cell counting kit?8 (CCK?8) assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The protein expressions of FoxQ1, E?cadherin and vimentin were determined by western blot. The relationship between FoxQ1 and miRNA?96?5p expressed in BGC?823 cells was detected by dual?luciferase reporter assay. Results The median expression of miRNA?96?5p in gastric cancer tissue was 1.05, significantly lower than 3.23 of para?cancerous tissues (P＜0.05).The positive rate of FoxQ1 expression in gastric cancer tissue was 71.7%, significantly higher than 28.3% of para?cancerous tissues ( P＜0.05). The expression of FoxQ1 was negatively corelated with the level of miRNA?96?5p (r＝－0.613, P＝0.006). The expression of miRNA?96?5p in gastric cancer cell BGC?823 was significantly decreased compared with normal gastric epithelial cell (0.96±0.08 vs 2.84± 0.15, P＜0.05). The results of CCK?8 assay and Transwell assay showed that overexpression of miRNA?96?5p significantly reduced the proliferation and invasion abilities of gastric cancer cells ( P＜ 0.05 ). Overexpression of miRNA?96?5p decreased the protein level of FoxQ1. Moreover, it upregulated the expression of E?cadherin and downregulated the expression of vimentin. The result of dual?luciferase?3′?UTR reporter assay confirmed that miRNA?96?5p binds to the 3′UTR of FoxQ1. Conclusion miRNA?96?5p may suppress the proliferation, migration and epithelial?mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric cancer cell by down?regulation of FoxQ1.

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA?96?5p in the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods From June 2015 to January 2017, 53 resected specimens were collected. The transcriptional levels of microRNA?96?5p and forkhead box Q1 (FoxQ1) in gastric cancer tissues and the matched para?cancerous tissues were quantified by quantitative real?time PCR (qRT?PCR). The expression of FoxQ1 protein was also detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between microRNA?96?5p expression and the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer and its correlation with FoxQ1 expression were analyzed. The expressions of miRNA?96?5p in gastric cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue were detected by qRT?PCR. miRNA?96?5p mimics was transfected to BGC?823 gastric cancer cells. The effects of miRNA?96?5p on cell proliferation and invasion were detected by cell counting kit?8 (CCK?8) assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The protein expressions of FoxQ1, E?cadherin and vimentin were determined by western blot. The relationship between FoxQ1 and miRNA?96?5p expressed in BGC?823 cells was detected by dual?luciferase reporter assay. Results The median expression of miRNA?96?5p in gastric cancer tissue was 1.05, significantly lower than 3.23 of para?cancerous tissues (P＜0.05).The positive rate of FoxQ1 expression in gastric cancer tissue was 71.7%, significantly higher than 28.3% of para?cancerous tissues ( P＜0.05). The expression of FoxQ1 was negatively corelated with the level of miRNA?96?5p (r＝－0.613, P＝0.006). The expression of miRNA?96?5p in gastric cancer cell BGC?823 was significantly decreased compared with normal gastric epithelial cell (0.96±0.08 vs 2.84± 0.15, P＜0.05). The results of CCK?8 assay and Transwell assay showed that overexpression of miRNA?96?5p significantly reduced the proliferation and invasion abilities of gastric cancer cells ( P＜ 0.05 ). Overexpression of miRNA?96?5p decreased the protein level of FoxQ1. Moreover, it upregulated the expression of E?cadherin and downregulated the expression of vimentin. The result of dual?luciferase?3′?UTR reporter assay confirmed that miRNA?96?5p binds to the 3′UTR of FoxQ1. Conclusion miRNA?96?5p may suppress the proliferation, migration and epithelial?mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric cancer cell by down?regulation of FoxQ1.