Objective:To explore the effect of mind mapping based on evidence-based theme in health education of patients undergoing thoracentesis and drainage.Methods:From September 2020 to December 2021, 78 patients with pleural effusion and thoracentesis drainage diagnosed by infection in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were selected by convenience sampling as the research object. The patients from September 2020 to March 2021 were set as the control group, and the patients from May to December 2021 were set as the observation group, with 39 cases each. The control group was given traditional health education, while the observation group received evidence-based health education with mind mapping. The health education knowledge examination score, self-care ability, adverse event rate and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The scores of health education knowledge examination in the observation group were higher than those in the control group before , 24 hours after catheterization and before decannulation, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.01) . The total score and each dimension score of self-care ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.01) . The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the score of Nursing Satisfaction Questionnaire was higher than that in the control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The mind mapping on the basis of evidence-based themes can effectively improve patients' health education knowledge and self-care ability, reduce the incidence of adverse events, and increase nursing satisfaction.

Objective:To construct a standardized training program for full-time nursing postgraduate students, and to provide a basis for the training the high-quality nursing talents in hospitals.Methods:Through literature review and demi structured interview, preliminarily develop the training program was established from January to March 2021. Through two rounds of expert consultations of 16 experts, the standardized training program for nursing postgraduates was formulated.Results:The recovery rate of the two rounds were both 16/16. The expert authority coefficients of the two rounds of consultation were 0.819, respectively. The Kendall′s coordination coefficients of the two rounds of consultation were 0.329 and 0.334, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P< 0.01). Finally, a standardized training program for entry-level nursing postgraduates was formed, which included five parts: training objects and quality requirements, training methods, training objectives, training contents and evaluation, with a total of 225 items. Conclusions:The standardized training program for nursing postgraduates formed is reliable, scientific and practical, which provides guidance and reference for the training and use of highly educated clinical nursing talents in hospitals.

Objective? To revise the English version of Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) into Chinese, evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, and analyze its applicability to parents of pediatric patients. Methods? The parental version HSOPSC was formulated based on expert consultation and a pilot study. A total of 643 parents were recruited using convenience sampling method from 3 ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Jiangsu province from November 2017 to February 2018. 562 valid samples were collected with a response rate of 90.2%. Item analysis including critical ratio method, Pearson correlation coefficient, homogeneity check, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's α and test-retest reliability coefficient were used to perform item screening and evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results? All 14 items of parental version HSOPSC were retained. The scale-content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.93; Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the parental version HSOPSC consisted of 4 factors which explained of 65.001% of total variance; The internal consistency reliability coefficients were 0.845 for total scale; Test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.893 for the total scale. Conclusions? The parental version of HSOPSC meet the requirement of psychometrics with good discriminative ability, reliability and validity, which could be used as a tool measuring parents' perspective of hospital safety culture.

Objective To investigate the optimal self care in lung cancer patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in ladder-type nursing training,network education,continuing nursing care clinics,and other forms of nursing mode care.Methods Based on the baselien data of patients in the control group and observation group,PICC self management ability,PICC quantitative data,PICC-related infections,thrombosis,and other complications were compared,and the impact of continued nursing platform on lung cancer patients with indwelling PICC was analyzed.Results In the observation group self management ability and health behavior is higher than that of the control group (P＜0.001).PICC catheter -related complications no difference with the control group (P＞0.05),Patient satisfaction of the observation group than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (92.18％ vs.79.00％,P=0.015).Conclusion The self care based on the continued nursing mode established by PICC speciality nurses can improve the self-management level of patients with PICC,reduce PICC-related complications,and increase the patient's satisfaction.

No abstract available.
Neodymium* ; Onychomycosis* ; Pilot Projects*

Objective:To evaluate the immunomodulating effect of oyster peptide on immunosup-pressed mice.Methods:ICR mice injected with cyclophosphamide (CTX)were adopted as the module group,with mice without treatment as the control group,and different dosages of oyster peptide (0.5 g/kg,1 .0 g/kg,and 2.0 g/kg)were given to the low,middle,and high groups for 1 5 days.The body weight,spleen,and thymus weight of the mice,structures under the microscope of the immune organs, numbers of white blood cells,ratios of T lymphocyte subsets,immune cytokines and numbers of nuclear cells,and DNA content in bone marrow were all assessed.Results:Compared with the control group, the structures of thymus and spleen of the mice in the CTX group appeared obscure and shrunk when ob-served under microscope,the number of their white blood cells declined (P =0.04),the proportion of their CD3 +T cells in peripheral blood declined (P =0.003),the proportion of their CD8 +T cells in pe-ripheral blood declined (P =0.002),the concentration of their IL-5 in peripheral blood significantly in-creased (P <0.01 ),the concentration of their nucleated cells and DNA density in bone marrow de-creased (P =0.04,P <0.01 ).Oyster could improve the structures of thymus and spleen of the immuno-suppressed mice.Compared with the CTX group,the number of white blood cells in 2.0 g/kg group in-creased (P =0.003),the proportion of CD3 +T cells in peripheral blood in 1 .0 g/kg group (P =0.04) and 2.0 g/kg group (P =0.02)increased,the proportion of CD8 +T cells in peripheral blood in 2.0 g/kg group increased (P =0.002),the concentration of IL-5 in peripheral blood in all the oyster treated groups increased (P <0.01 in 0.5 g/kg,1 .0 g/kg,and 2.0 g/kg groups),the concentration of IL-1 7 in peripheral blood in 2.0 g/kg group decreased (P =0.03),the concentration of nucleated cells in bone marrow of all the oyster treated groups increased (0.5 g/kg vs.CTX,P =0.04;1 .0 g/kg vs. CTX,P =0.02;2.0 g/kg vs.CTX P =0.01 ),the DNA content in bone marrow of all the oyster treated groups increased (P <0.01 in the 0.5 g/kg,1 .0 g/kg,and 2.0 g/kg groups).Conclusion:Oyster peptide could improve the structures of immune organs of the CTX-induced immunosuppressed mice,re-cover the imbalances of T lymphocyte subsets,improve the immune cytokines and increase numbers of nucleated cells and DNA content in bone marrow,thus improving the immunologic function.

Objective To summarize the experience of clinical pharmacist ’ s work and explore the working method of pharma-ceutical care in the department of orthopedics .Methods With the characteristics of the orthopedics department , clinical pharmacists should provide pharmaceutical care in steps .At present, we focus on pharmaceutical inquisition , management of antibiotics use of peri-operative patients , and assisting doctors on the treatment of infectious patients and choosing proper analgesics .Results The work was gradually been accepted by doctors and nurses , and their requirement for clinical pharmacist was increased , which enhanced the basis of depth and breadth of pharmaceutical care in the future .Conclusion Clinical pharmacists should grasp the feature of orthopedics de-partment and improve their working capability gradually , thus to supply pharmaceutical care for the clinic with better quality .

Objective To make a clinical and mycological analysis of tinea capitis in Guangzhou region. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 241 cases of tinea capitis collected from Feb, 1997 to Aug, 2010 in the Department of Dermatology, Sun Yet-sen Memorial Hospital. Results Among the 241 cases, 179 (74.27%) were tinea alba, 34 (14.11%) tinea kerion, 28 (11.62%) black dot ringworm, and no favus was observed. The dominant pathogenic fungi in decreasing order were Microsporum canis (182,80.89%), Trichophyton violaceum (25, 11.11%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (10, 4.44%), Trichophyton tonsurans (3, 1.33%), Trichophyton rubrum (2, 0.89%), Microsporum gypseum (2, 0.89%) and Trichophyton verrucosum (1, 0.44%). Children were the main population (39.00%) suffering from tinea capitis. Conclusions In Guangzhou region, tinea alba is the most common type of tinea capitis, Microsporum canis is the main causative pathogen, and children are the predominate population affected by tinea capitis.

OBJECTIVETo determine the concentration of matrine in rats plasma and tissue and study the pharmacokinetics and tissues distribution of matrine solution (MS), regular matrine liposome (ML) and stealth matrine liposome (LML) after the intravenous administration at a single dose of 15 mg x kg(-1) to rats.

METHODReversed-phase HPLC was used to determine matrine concentration in rats plasma and tissues.

RESULTThe concentration-time curves of MS, ML and LML were fitted to a two-compartment model. The terminal half-life of LML was 2.7-fold higher than MS and 2-fold higher than ML. The area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC) of LML was 63-fold higher than MS and 2.3-fold higher than ML. Tissues distribution results proved that the area under the plasma concentration curve of LML was significantly different from ML and MS (P<0.05). The area under the liver and spleen curve of LML was significantly different from ML (P<0.05). The ratio between the area under the curve of plasma and the area under the curve of reticulo-endothelial system (Blood/RES) of LML was 5.4-fold higher than ML.

CONCLUSIONOur present studies demonstrate that, compared to MS and ML, LML significantly alters its pharmacokinetics in plasma and tissues targeting.

Alkaloids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Calibration ; Female ; Linear Models ; Liposomes ; Male ; Quinolizines ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tissue Distribution

Aim:To develop a method for rapid and sensitive simultaneous determination of the hydrophilic and lipophilic active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza tablets. Methods:RP-HPLC condition was established to separate danshensu,salvianolic acid B,cryptotanshinone and tanshinone ⅡA from each other on the Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm ID,5 μm)column with the mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.5% formic acid in gradient elution. Results:The four active components had good linearity. The average recoveries ranged between 96.63% to 100.3% with RSDs of less than 2%. Conclusion:The method appeared to be precise and accurate for the simultaneous determination of the four active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge tablets within 35 min.