Objective: To investigate the screening results of adolescent scoliosis in Chuzhou City, Anhui Province, and analyze the influencing factors for scoliosis, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of scoliosis among adolescents. Methods: Students were selected from six primary and middle schools in Chuzhou City using the stratified random cluster sampling method from April to June 2023. Demographic information, daily behaviors and postures, and exercise status were collected through questionnaire surveys. Scoliosis was screened and diagnosed according to the Screening for Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Children and Adolescents. Influencing factors for scoliosis among primary and middle school students were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 1 823 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 768 effective questionnaires were recovered, with an effective response rate of 96.98%. There were 537 primary school students, 1 000 junior high school students and 231 senior high school students, with an average age of (13.40±1.92) years. There were 948 male students (53.62%) and 820 female students (46.38%). A total of 131 cases of scoliosis were screened positive, with a positive rate of 7.41%. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (female, OR=1.759, 95%CI: 1.135-2.727), body mass index (OR=0.593, 95%CI: 0.538-0.654), sleeping position (side lying, OR=0.598, 95%CI: 0.377-0.951; prone lying, OR=2.336, 95%CI: 1.201-4.545), frequency of reading in bed (often, OR=2.099, 95%CI: 1.201-3.670), way of carrying backpack (shoulders, OR=0.580, 95%CI: 0.370-0.908), and exercise level (OR=0.428, 95%CI: 0.296-0.618) were influencing factors of scoliosis among primary and middle school students. Conclusion The positive rate of scoliosis screening among primary and middle school students in Chuzhou City was 7.41%, which was influenced by gender, age, body mass index, sleeping posture, reading in bed, way of carrying backpack and exercise level.

Objective: To investigate craniofacial differences in individuals with hypodontia and explore the relationship between craniofacial features and the number of congenitally missing teeth. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 261 Chinese patients (males, 124; females, 137; age, 7–24 years), divided into four groups (without hypodontia: no teeth missing, mild: one or two missing teeth, moderate: three to five missing teeth, severe: six or more missing teeth) according to the number of congenitally missing teeth. Differences in cephalometric measurements among the groups were analyzed. Further, multivariate linear regression and smooth curve fitting were performed to evaluate the relationship between the number of congenitally missing teeth and the cephalometric measurements. Results: In patients with hypodontia, SNA, NA-AP, FH-NA, ANB, Wits, ANS-Me/N-Me, GoGn-SN, UL-EP, and LL-EP significantly decreased, while Pog-NB, AB-NP, N-ANS, and S-Go/N-Me significantly increased. In multivariate linear regression analysis, SNB, Pog-NB, and S-Go/N-Me were positively related to the number of congenitally missing teeth. In contrast, NA-AP, FH-NA, ANB, Wits, N-Me, ANS-Me, ANS-Me/N-Me, GoGn-SN, SGn-FH (Y-axis), UL-EP, and LL-EP were negatively related, with absolute values of regression coefficients ranging from 0.147 to 0.357. Further, NA-AP, Pog-NB, S-Go/N-Me, and GoGn-SN showed the same tendency in both sexes, whereas UL-EP and LL-EP were different. Conclusions Compared with controls, patients with hypodontia tend toward a Class III skeletal relationship, reduced lower anterior face height, flatter mandibular plane, and more retrusive lips. The number of congenitally missing teeth had a greater effect on certain characteristics of craniofacial morphology in males than in females.

Objective:To investigate the effects of nimodipine on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Methods:A total of 200 patients with Alzheimer's disease who received treatment in Shuangqiao Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group ( n = 100/group). The control group was treated with Donepezil. The observation group was treated with nimodipine and Donepezil. Before and 2 months after treatment, mental status and cognitive function were evaluated in each group. Results:After treatment, total response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [95% (95/100) vs. 81% (81/100), χ2 = 9.58, P < 0.05]. Alzheimer's disease assessment scale cognitive subscale score was significantly lower after treatment compared with before treatment in each group ( P < 0.05). Mini-mental State Examination score was significantly higher after treatment compared with before treatment in each group ( P < 0.05). Alzheimer's disease assessment scale cognitive subscale score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(17.38 ± 1.95) points vs. (29.63 ± 3.39) points, t = -3.26, P < 0.05]. Mini-mental State Examination score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(23.47 ± 4.59) points vs. (18.68 ± 3.91) points, t = 2.14, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Nimodipine can improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Pulmonary blast injury has become the main type of trauma in modern warfare, characterized by externally mild injuries but internally severe injuries, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of early death. The injury is complicated in clinical practice, often with multiple and compound injuries. Currently, there is a lack of effective protective materials, accurate injury detection instrument and portable monitoring and transportation equipment, standardized clinical treatment guidelines in various medical centers, and evidence-based guidelines at home and abroad, resulting in a high mortality in clinlcal practice. Therefore, the Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized military and civilian experts in related fields such as thoracic surgery and traumatic surgery to jointly develop the Clinical treatment guideline for pulmonary blast injury ( version 2023) by combining evidence for effectiveness and clinical first-line treatment experience. This guideline provided 16 recommended opinions surrounding definition, characteristics, pre-hospital diagnosis and treatment, and in-hospital treatment of pulmonary blast injury, hoping to provide a basis for the clinical treatment in hospitals at different levels.

Objective: To provide reliable prediction models based on dentoskeletal and soft tissue variables for customizing maxillary incisor positions and to optimize digitalized orthodontic treatment planning. Methods: This study included 244 Chinese women (age, 18–40 years old) with esthetic profiles after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (133 in group I: 1° ≤ The angle between the nasion [N]-A point [A] plane and the N-B point [B] plane [ANB] ≤ 4°; 111 in group II: 4° < ANB ≤ 7°). Dental, skeletal, and soft tissue measurements were performed on lateral cephalograms of the participants. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the influence of dentoskeletal and soft tissue variables on maxillary incisor position. Results: The ideal anteroposterior position of the maxillary incisor varied between sagittal skeletal patterns. The position of the maxillary incisor correlated with the sagittal discrepancy between the maxilla and the mandible (ANB), protrusion of the midface, nasal tip projection, development of the chin, and inclination of both the maxillary and mandibular incisors. Distance from the maxillary central incisor to nasion-pogonion plane predicted using multiple linear regression analysis was accurate and could be a practical measurement in orthodontic treatment planning. Conclusions Instead of using an average value or norm, orthodontists should customize a patient’s ideal maxillary incisor position using dentoskeletal and soft tissue evaluations.

Objective To investigate the changes in dietary behavior and physical exercise of people of different ages during the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to explore the influencing factors of weight gain. Methods A structured electronic questionnaire was used to investigate the basic conditions, weight, eating behavior and physical exercise of 1 125 subjects. The χ² test or non-parametric test was used to compare the changes in the three age groups (<30, 30~65, >65 years), and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting weight gain. Results Among the three age groups, young people under 30 years old changed greatly in the consumption of grains, red meat, and high-calorie snacks, and in the physical exercise, and there was a significant amount of people experiencing such changes, while for those older than 65 years old, the frequency of intake of grains, red meat, and high-calorie snacks before and after the outbreak was basically unchanged. In addition, compared with the population who basically did not change dietary behavior during the epidemic, the increase in the consumption of grains (OR = 2.469), red meat (OR = 1.582), and high-calorie snacks (OR = 1.815), and the decrease in physical exercise (OR = 1.702 ) were independent risk factors for weight gain during the epidemic (P <0.05). Conclusions During the epidemic of COVID-19, the young people (<30 years old) experienced the largest changes in dietary intake (grain, red meat, and high-calorie snacks) and exercise, while the elderly people (>65 years old) maintained basically unchanged. The increased intake of grains, red meat and high-calorie snacks, and lack of physical exercise could lead to weight gain.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history in treating infectious diseases, and the form of intervention varies with different medical conditions and disease types. "The battle field of Chinese doctor for anti-epidemic" was formed in fighting against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemics in China, and from the battle, valuable experiences of using TCM for prevention and treatment had been obtained. During responding to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemics, we followed the principle of keeping summary and perfection while treament. And a whole process of TCM pattern or a model was organized, including early prevention in communities, cluster intervention in isolated places, comprehensive intervention in mobile cabin hospitals, centralized treatment in designated hospitals and rehabilitation support in rehabilitation posts. Thus, the innovation of whole process of TCM intervention was involved in the "trench warfare" strategy and platform system for prevention and treatment of new infectious COVID-19 epidemics. At different stages or conditions, different TCMs were used to play advantageous roles to solve various problems and elevate the effects of prevention and treatment of the disease. The construction of TCM mobile cabin hospitals was an innovation of organization form that might offset the constraints in technology and scale of simple community isolation or simple hospital treatment, exploring a new way for TCM to cope with public health emergencies.

To assess the clinical application of video head impulse test (vHIT) for vestibular function in vestibular neuritis (VN) and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) patients.Thirty-three patients with VN and 43 patients with BPPV were enrolled from Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Ningbo Second Hospital from March 15 to September 10, 2015; and 50 healthy controls were also enrolled in the study. vHIT was used to quantitatively test the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gains of a pair of horizontal semicircular canals. VOR gains two pairs of vertical semicircular canals, and the corresponding asymmetrical value of three VOR gains. The saccades information was also recorded.Compared with the healthy control group and BPPV patients, the affected horizontal and vertical VOR gains were declined and the corresponding asymmetries were increased in VN patients (all<0.01). BPPV group also showed higher vertical VOR gain asymmetries compared with the healthy control group (all<0.01), but no significant difference was observed in VOR gains and horizontal VOR gain asymmetry (all>0.05). The sensibility of vHIT in diagnosis of VN was 87.9%. Among 33 VN patients, 22 were diagnosed with superior vestibular nerve dysfunction, 7 were found with inferior vestibular nerve dysfunction and 3 were with both dysfunction; and 1 case was not distinguished.Video head impulse test can quantitatively evaluate the vestibular dysfunction of VN and can help early diagnosis of VN, which may be widely used in clinic.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; diagnosis ; Head Impulse Test ; Humans ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular ; physiology ; Saccades ; physiology ; Semicircular Canals ; innervation ; physiopathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vestibular Diseases ; classification ; diagnosis ; Vestibular Nerve ; pathology ; Vestibular Neuronitis ; classification ; diagnosis

Objective:Living organ transplantation prolongs the life of many dying patients, but there are many disputes, especially the definition ofliving organ transplantation between non relatives. The definition of this ter-minology is closely related to medical students′cognitive ofliving organ transplantation between non relatives. The medical students are the main reserve army of medical staff and the executor of living donor organ transplantation in the future, who directly determine the organ transplantation and affect the doctor-patient relationship. This paper is to investigate and analyze the status of the medical students′recognition of cross transplantation between non rela-tives. Methods:A total of 450 medical students of Qingdao university were selected with cluster method and were investigated using self-designed questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22. 0. Results:The overall recogni-tion rate toliving organ cross transplantation between non relatives was relatively low. The difference was statisti-cally significant (P<0. 05), namely that students in higher grade had lower recognition. The difference was statis-tically significant (P < 0. 05) between different specialties, and the recognition degree of students majoring in clinical medicine and ecsomatics was higher. Conclusion:The medical students of Qingdao University understand the concept of living organ cross transplantation between non relativesfuzzily, and the recognition degree is low.

Objective:To explore the clinical pathological characteristics and improve the recognition in the diagnosis and treatment of incidental (stage T1a -T1b)prostate cancer.Methods:Seven hundred and seventy-one patients who underwent TURP from May 2004 to September 2013 were analyzed retro-spectively.In our institution,TURP specimens should be totally submitted in an extensive sampling method.The tumor area was outlined by estimation of an experienced genitourinary pathologist and calcu-lated by the image analysis system software (Image J 1.47 h).The tumor area was then multiplied by the thickness of tissue.The total sum of all tumor volume was the estimated tumor volume.The clinical and pathological factors,follow-up results were obtained and we aimed to collect information about the period of watchful waiting (WW),PSA progression status,intervention status during the follow-up,the reason for intervention on WW and the type of intervention.Results:The average age of 771 patients was (71.3 ±5.9)years old,and the average BMI was (23.9 ±3.1)kg/m2 ,preoperative average tPSA was (4.4 ±2.8)μg/L.Eighty-six (11.2%)cases of incidental prostate cancer were detected.The patients in T1a group (77 cases,89.5%)had tumor volumes of (12.3 ±12.6)mm3 ,and the patients in T1b group had tumor volumes of (105.1 ±41.8)mm3 .The range of tumor volume was 0.4 -180.2 mm3 . The volume of all the 86 cases was less than 500 mm3 as the threshold of insignificant cancer.All the pa-tients were managed by WW.The mean follow-up time was 88.9 (27.9 -150.1)months.The Gleason score was <7 in 79 patients,and ≥7 in 7 patients.There was no significant difference in age,preopera-tive tPSA,preoperative PSAD,postoperative tPSA,prostate volume and TURP resection between T1a group and T1b group (P >0.05).Among 84 patients without follow-up losts,PSA progression occurred in 5 patients.One T1a patient underwent radical prostatectomy (RP)as an intervention,and 3 patients underwent hormone therapy.One patient in T1b group underwent radiotherapy for PSA progression and one was treated because of patient preference without evidence of disease progression.There were no pa-tients who died due to prostate cancer.Conclusion:Eighty-six (11.2%)cases of incidental prostate cancer were detected.The tumor volume of all the cases was insignificant cancer.The clinical outcomes of IPCa were satisfactory with the initial treatment of WW in the Chinese population.