Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.

Background:Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy which can present with patchy mucosal lesions.Therefore,the diagnosis of the disease requires histological evaluation of multiple site biopsies.Aims:To analyze the pathological characteristics of multiple site small intestinal biopsies in adult patients with celiac disease and provide reference for early identification and diagnosis of celiac disease.Methods:The pathological data of 22 adult patients who were newly diagnosed as having celiac disease at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from August 2019 to April 2022 were collected retrospectively.All patients were positive for serum anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody IgA,and biopsies of duodenal bulb,descending part of the duodenum and terminal ileum were obtained under endoscopy.Histological examination was performed by experienced pathologists according to the modified Marsh grading system.Results:The most common pathological grade of duodenal bulb(50.0%)and descending part of the duodenum(45.5%)was Marsh Ⅲc,while those of terminal ileum was Marsh Ⅲa(63.6%).All of the bulb biopsies,95.5%of the descending part and 72.7%of the terminal ileum biopsies showed characteristic histological changes of celiac disease.Mucosal pathology was patchy in 7 patients,of which one patient was duodenal bulb and terminal ileum involved,and 6 were duodenum involved only.Fifteen patients had diffuse small intestinal mucosal pathology involving duodenal bulb,descending part and terminal ileum,of which 4 patients showed concordant histology(the same Marsh grade in duodenal bulb,descending part and terminal ileum)and 11 patients showed discordant histology.In 18 patients(81.8%),duodenum was the only affected site or duodenum showed more serious mucosal lesions compared with terminal ileum.Conclusions:Adult celiac disease may affect the whole small intestine,and the mucosal involvement may be patchy,which highlights the importance of taking small intestinal biopsies from multiple sites repeatedly in the diagnostic work-up of celiac disease.

Proteins in the human body are usually made of 20 natural amino acids.Through different amino acid combinations and isomerization, proteins of diverse functions are built.An emerging genetic code expansion technology can introduce unnatural amino acids into specific sites of target protein, endowing the protein with new biological characteristics including covalently binding with proximal proteins, carrying fluorescence, and mimicking specific protein post-translational modifications.In this paper, based on the structure and function of unnatural amino acids, the applications of different types of unnatural amino acids in regulating protein''s stability, studying protein''s conformation, expression level, and localization, and uncovering heretofore unknown protein-protein interactions were reviewed.Besides, genetic code expansion of unnatural amino acids is anticipated to find broad utilities in biomedicine by bringing new ideas and methods to the design and optimization of biologics.

In order to improve the clarity of ECG waveforms and the anti-interference ability of ECG acquisition under abnormal conditions, this study proposes a high-definition ECG recording method based on superimposed averaging algorithm. The results show that the proposed method can more clearly reflect the details of the ECG. Meanwhile, it has a significant inhibitory effect on EMG interference. As a result, the proposed method has a positive significance for improving the anti-interference ability of ECG equipment.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography

Objective    To analyze the correlation between folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells (FR+CTC) and the benign or malignant lesions of the lung, and to establish a malignant prediction model for pulmonary neoplasm based on clinical data, imaging and FR+CTC tests. Methods    A retrospective analysis was done on 1 277 patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2018 to December 2019, including 518 males and 759 females, with a median age of 57 (29-85) years. They underwent CTC examination of peripheral blood and had pathological results of pulmonary nodules and lung tumors. The patients were randomly divided into a trial group and a validation group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the data of the two groups. Then the nomogram prediction model was established and verified internally and externally. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to test the differentiation of the model and calibration curve was used to test the consistency of the model. Results    Totally 925 patients suffered non-small cell lung cancer and 113 patients had benign diseases in the trial group; 219 patients suffered non-small cell lung cancer and 20 patients had benign diseases in the verification group. The FR+CTC in the peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer patients was higher than that found in the lungs of the patients who were in favorite conditions (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age≥60 years, female, FR+CTC value>8.7 FU/3 mL, positive pleural indenlation sign, nodule diameter, positive burr sign, consolidation/tumor ratio<1 were independent risk factors for benign and malignant lung tumors with a lesion diameter of ≤4 cm. Thereby, the nomogram prediction model was established. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the trial group was 0.918, the sensitivity was 86.36%, and the specificity was 83.19%. The AUC value of the verification group was 0.903, the sensitivity of the model was 79.45%, and the specificity was 90.00%, indicating nomogram model discrimination was efficient. The calibration curve also showed that the nomogram model calibration worked well. Conclusion    FR+CTC in the peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer patients is higher than that found in the lungs of the patients who carry benign pulmonary diseases. The diagnostic model of clinical stage Ⅰ non-small cell lung cancer established in this study owns good accuracy and can provide a basis for clinical diagnosis.

The amplifier is easy to saturation because of polarization voltage in ambulatory ECG acquisition. The traditional way is using analog high-pass filter to eliminate, but the output tends to have a residue. If upgrading high-pass filter cutoff frequency, it will lead to low frequency distortion of ECG signals. In this paper, a Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing filter has been designed by combining the single edge point and the polynomial order , which can fit the polarization voltage components of ECG signals, filter useful components and get drift-free ECG signals by using the subtraction algorithm. The results of ECG filtering experiment verify the feasibility of the SG smoothing filter, and show the filtered ECG signal without any losses of useful components.
Algorithms ; Amplifiers, Electronic ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; methods ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is a promising drug target in cancer immunotherapy due to its bidirectional role in both tumor growth promotion and T-cell inactivation. Its allosteric inhibitor SHP099 is known to inhibit cancer cell growth both and . However, whether SHP099-mediated SHP2 inhibition retards tumor growth anti-tumor immunity remains elusive. To address this, a CT-26 colon cancer xenograft model was established in mice since this cell line is insensitive to SHP099. Consequently, SHP099 minimally affected CT-26 tumor growth in immuno-deficient nude mice, but significantly decreased the tumor burden in CT-26 tumor-bearing mice with intact immune system. SHP099 augmented anti-tumor immunity, as shown by the elevated proportion of CD8IFN- T cells and the upregulation of cytotoxic T-cell related genes including , which decreased the tumor load. In addition, tumor growth in mice with SHP2-deficient T-cells was markedly slowed down because of enhanced anti-tumor responses. Finally, the combination of SHP099 and anti-PD-1 antibody showed a higher therapeutic efficacy than either monotherapy in controlling tumor growth in two colon cancer xenograft models, indicating that these agents complement each other. Our study suggests that SHP2 inhibitor SHP099 is a promising candidate drug for cancer immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate the application value of functional MRI in the differential diagnosis between breast mucinous carcinoma and phyllodes tumor(≥ 3 cm). Methods 55 cases of breast mucinous adeno-carcinoma and phyllodes tumors(≥ 3 cm)from January 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. MRI features of 20 mucinous carcinomas and 35 phyllodes tumors were analyzed,compared with pathology. Re-sults There were 20 cases of breast mucinous carcinoma in current study,including 14 cases of pure mucinous carcinoma and 6 cases of mixed mucinous carcinoma. There were 35 cases of phyllodes tumors,including 9 be-nign,18 borderline and 8 malignant cases. There was no significant difference in T1WI signal and enhancement mode between breast mucinous carcinoma and phyllodes tumors. There were significant differences in age,long di-ameter,morphology,lobulation,border,ADC value,EER,T2WI signal and TIC curve pattern(P < 0.05). The area under ROC(AUC)of ADC value and EER for breast mucinous adenocarcinoma and phyllodes tumor was 0.7036 and 0.8029,respectively. Conclusions Multi-model functional MRI can effectively distinguish breast mucinous adenocarcinoma from phyllodes tumor(≥ 3 cm),and EER is more accurate than ADC value.

Background:Gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire(GerdQ)is a potentially useful tool for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD). Reflux esophagitis(RE)is a clinical type of GERD characterized by endoscopic mucosal injury of esophagus. Aims:To study the correlation of GerdQ score with severity of RE. Methods:Patients with typical reflux-related symptoms and meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited consecutively from Department of Gastroenterology,the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during Aug. 2014 to Dec. 2015. All patients recruited were asked to complete the GerdQ scoring scale,meanwhile,the demographic information was collected and an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed. The severity of RE was graded endoscopically by Los Angeles classification system. Results:A total of 1 554 patients were enrolled in this study,664 with RE(RE group)and 890 without RE(control group). The proportion of males in RE group was significantly higher than those in control group (50.9% vs. 37.1%,P<0.05). The prevalence of RE was significantly higher in Uygur than in Han and other ethnics (48.5% vs. 40.5% and 39.3%,P all <0.05). The proportions of patients with RE rose up with the increase of GerdQ score in a cut-off range from 0-14(0%,19.7%,50.1% and 51.7% for 0-2,3-7,8-11 and 11-14,respectively). The mean GerdQ score was significantly higher in RE group than in control group(9.95 ± 2.76 vs. 9.09 ± 3.33,P<0.05), and GerdQ score was positively correlated with severity of RE(r=0.243,P<0.05). When stratified by nationality,the correlation of GerdQ score with severity of RE was unchanged. Conclusions:GerdQ is a useful complementary tool for the diagnosis of RE. A cut-off value of 8 might predict the presence of RE and the GerdQ score might reflect the disease severity.

Objective: To study influencing factors on the detection rate of colorectal polyps by repeated examination in colonoscopy. Methods: A total of 900 patients in the digestive endoscopy center of the People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region received colonoscopy, 300 patients were randomly selected for a second examination and they were selected for three times examination from August 2016 to March 2017. Objective factors for colonoscopy were strictly controlled during the examination, such as endoscopists′ experience, endoscopic operating method, cleansing degree of the intestine and withdrawal time. The characteristics of polyps were recorded, including number, location, shape, size and pathological types of polyps. The characteristics of polyps were compared between the same patient, and between the first-examination group, the second-examination group and the third-examination group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of missed diagnosis. Results: A relatively high rate of missed diagnosis could occur in multiple polyps, ascending colon polyps, transverse colon polyps, sigmoid polyps, stepless polyps and small polyps (<5 mm) (All P<0.05), and the pathological type was irrelevant to missed diagnosis (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the number, location, shape and size of colorectal polyps were all independent factors influencing the detection rate(all P<0.05). The detection rate of polyps in the two times colonoscopy group was higher than that of the one time colonoscopy group, but there was no statistical difference between the second observation and the third observation (P>0.05). Conclusion The number, location, shape and size of colorectal polyps are all independent factors influencing the detection rate. The detection rate of polyps may be improved by using the second colonoscopy.