OBJECTIVE To explore the effect and potential mechanism of the compatibility of Astragali Radix-Puerariae Lobatae Radix on ferroptosis of liver cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） insulin resistance （IR） rats. METHODS Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group （12 rats） and modeling group （48 rats）. The modeling group was fed with a high- fat diet for 4 consecutive weeks and then given a one-time tail vein injection of 1% streptozotocin to establish T2DM IR model. The model rats were randomly divided into model group， the compatibility of Astragali Radix-Puerariae Lobatae Radix group [QG group， 4.05 g/（kg·d）， intragastric administration]， ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 group [Fer-1 group， 5 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection， once every other day]， the compatibility of Astragali Radix-Puerariae Lobatae Radix+ferroptosis inducer erastin group [QG+erastin group， 4.05 g/（kg·d） by intragastric administration+erastin 10 mg/（kg·d）， intraperitoneal injection]. After 4 weeks of intervention， serum fasting blood glucose （FBG） and fasting insulin （FINS） were measured in each group of rats， and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） and the natural logarithm of insulin action index（IAI） were calculated； the serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， aspartate transaminase （AST） and alanine transaminase （ALT）， Fe2+ and Fe content， glutathione （GSH）， malondialdehyde （MDA） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） levels， NADP+/NADPH ratio and reactive oxygen species （ROS） were determined. The pathological morphology of its liver tissue was observed； the protein expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4）， ferritin heavy chain 1 （FTH1）， long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3 （ACSL3）， ACSL4， ferritin mitochondrial （FTMT）， and cystine/glutamate anti-porter （xCT） in the liver tissue of rats were detected. RESULTS Compared with control group， the liver cells in the model group of rats showed disordered arrangement， swelling， deepened nuclear staining， and more infiltration of inflammatory cells， as well as a large number of hepatocyte vacuoles and steatosis； FBG （after medication）， the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， AST， ALT， FINS， MDA and ROS， HOMA-IR， Fe2+ and Fe content， NADP+/NADPH ratio and protein expression of ACSL4 were significantly increased or up-regulated， while the levels of HDL-C， GSH and SOD， IAI， protein expressions of GPX4， FTH1， ACSL3， FTMT and xCT were significantly reduced or down-regulated （P＜0.01）. Compared with the model group， both QG group and Fer-1 group showed varying degrees of improvement in pathological damage of liver tissue and the levels of the above indicators， the differences in the changes of most indicators were statistically significant （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. Compared with QG group， the improvement of the above indexes of QG+erastin group had been reversed significantly （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The compatibility decoction of Astragali Radix-Puerariae Lobatae Radix can reduce the level of FBG in T2DM IR rats， and alleviate IR degree， ion overload and pathological damage of liver tissue. The above effects are related to the inhibition of ferroptosis.

The trinity of physique-qi-spirit is a view of life in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） that integrates both theoretical interpretation and technical operation. Its connotation includes two aspects， the three elements of physique， qi， and spirit composing human life， and these three elements exist as an inseparable unity. Based on the concept of the trinity of physique-qi-spirit， this article explores three key points from the technical operation level， defining "qi" as an intangible， non-physical substance； briefly analyzing the mechanism of the trinity of physique-qi-spirit from the perspective of qi theory； and discussing the state of life optimization achieved through their integration. Understanding the connotation of the trinity of physique-qi-spirit from a technical operation level helps to maximize its unique advantages in self-health management.

Based on the trinity life view of ''physique， Qi， and spirit''， Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang treats the patient's physical symptoms， disorders of Qi movement， and disorders of consciousness， covering the overall treatment and comprehensive nursing of physique， Qi， and spirit. It is widely applied and recognized for its efficacy in modern clinical practice. This paper explored the treatment effect of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang from the trinity life view of ''physique， Qi， and spirit''. This formula mainly targeted patients with Qi deficiency caused by cold， leading to a syndrome of Qi stagnation and water retention in the Triple Energizer Meridian of Hand Lesser Yang （TE）， as well as fire-heat syndrome in the Large Intestine Meridian of Hand Yang Brightness （LI） and Stomach Meridian of Foot Yang Brightness （ST）， accompanied by disorder of nutrient-blood and subsequent spirit and soul unrest. Accurately judging the imbalance of the patient's physique， Qi， and spirit and using an appropriate combination of medicinals can achieve balance among the three to achieve the best effect. The treatment strategy of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang is as follows： For disorders of Qi movement， such as Qi deficiency， Qi stagnation， and gastrointestinal fire-heat， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Bupleuri Radix-Scutellariae Radix， and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma are used in combination. For physical symptoms such as water retention and disorder of nutrient-blood， Poria-Pinelliae Rhizoma-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， as well as Cinnamomi Ramulus-Jujubae Fructus are used in combination. Finally， Os Draconis-Ostreae Concha-Plumbum Rubrum is used to calm the spirit and soothe the soul. According to existing research， Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang has shown good efficacy in treating a variety of complex clinical diseases. This article provides a comprehensive interpretation of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang from the perspective of the trinity life view of ''physique， Qi， and spirit''， offering new insights for clinical syndrome differentiation， treatment， and prescription.

To explore the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)based on the trinity life view of physique-qi-spirit,and point out that the occurrence and development of T2DM are the three elements of life,i.e.physique,qi and spirit,which have patho-logical changes.This paper discusses from three aspects:physique,qi,and spirit.The changes in physique include structural chan-ges,abnormal physical movements,and changes in tangible and subtle substances;the changes in qi include qi deficiency and abnor-mal qi transformation;the changes in spirit include carnal desire excess and emotional imbalance.This paper provides new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.

To clarify the genetic diversity and structure of the nucleus population of F1-generation Litopenaeus vannamei, this study utilized 15 pairs of highly polymorphic microsatellite primers to analyze the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and genetic diversity in 15 full-sib families of L. vannamei. A total of 112 alleles (N_a) and 60.453 effective alleles (N_e) were identified among the selected 15 SSR loci, with the average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.648. The average N_e, observed heterozygosity (H_o), and expected heterozygosity (H_e) in the 15 F1 families varied from 1.925 to 2.626, 0.425 to 0.783, and 0.403 to 0.572, respectively. The 15 full-sib families were primarily clustered into three categories in the phylogenetic analysis, with the genetic distance between families ranging from 0.252 to 0.574. Additionally, the genetic differentiation coefficient (F_st) among the families varied from 0.112 to 0.278, indicating substantial genetic differentiation. Overall, this study suggested that the genetic diversity of the 15 full-sib families was moderate, providing valuable genetic insights for the subsequent breeding initiatives aimed at enhancing the tolerance of L. vannamei to high levels of soybean meal.
Penaeidae/classification* ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Animals ; Genetic Variation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Phylogeny ; Alleles ; Genetic Markers

【Objective】 To investigate whether the blood donors' coagulation status may lead to apheresis platelet aggregation in vitro. 【Methods】 Thirty blood donors with aggregation in apheresis platelets collected by AMICUS blood cell separator no less than 3 times previously and occurred when the last time of apheresis donation were observed in aggregated group (referred to as the experimental group); Thirty donors without aggregation in apheresis platelets collected by AMICUS blood cell separator no less than 3 times were observed in the control group simultaneously. The basic platelet parameters in the two groups, including Plt, MPV, PDW, Pet, P-LCR were detected by automatic blood cell analyzer (BC-3000Plus), and thromboelastogram indexes including reaction time(R), kinetics time(K), kinetics of clot development(α), maximum amplitude (MA) and coagulation index(CI) were tested by Thrombosis elastography (TEG) before collection. With SPSS24.0 software, t test was used to compare the differences between the two groups. 【Results】 The CI value in experimental group was significantly different from that of the control group (0.48± 1.00 vs -0.99 ±1.96, P< 0.05), and there was no significant difference in all above basic platelet parameters and other TEG parameters (P>0.05 ) . 【Conclusion】 The coagulation status of blood donors may be an independent risk factor for the in vitro aggregation of apheresis platelets.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of "paraplegic triple needling" and conventional needling on psychological and daily living ability of patients with spinal cord injury.

METHODSA total of 50 patients with spinal cord injury were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 25 cases in each one. Rehabilitation training was applied in the two groups. In the observation group, on the basis of rehabilitation training, "paraplegic triple needling" was added, namely, puncturing the governor vessel (GV) and back- points respectively in the upper and lower segments of the injury plane and locating the key muscle movement points of the lower extremities by the peripheral nerve electrical stimulation device. Electroacupuncture (EA) was given at the points up and down the two sections of the GV points, back- points, the key muscle movement points. In the control group, conventional needling was applied at the points of GV, back- points, Huantiao (GB 30), Zusanli (ST 36), Xuanzhong (GB 39) and Yanglingquan (GB 34). The treatment was given once a day, the treatment for a month as one course and a total of 2 course were required. In addition, 25 health checkers were selected at the physical examination center of General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region as a normal control group. The content of peripheral serum 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT) was tested before treatment, 1 course and 2 courses of treatment, The modified Barthel index (MBI) was used to observe the daily living activities, the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) were used to evaluate the psychological status.

RESULTSIn the two groups, the content of serum 5-HT was lower than that in the normal control group before treatment (both <0.05). After one course of treatment, the MBI score and content of serum 5-HT were all increase in the two groups; the HAMA score and HAMD score were all reduced (all <0.05); the results in the observation were better than those in the control group (all <0.05). After 2 courses of treatment, the MBI score and content of serum 5-HT were all increased in the two groups, and the HAMA score and HAMD score were all reduced (all <0.05), but the difference was not significant statistically between the two groups (all >0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the content of serum 5-HT in patients with spinal cord injury was negatively correlated with disease course, HAMA and HAMD score (all <0.05), and positively correlated with MBI score (<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere are differences in the content of serum 5-HT between the normal person and the patients with pinal cord injury. The content of serum 5-HT can early predict the depression and anxiety in patients with spinal cord injury. Compared with the conventional needling, "paraplegic triple needling" can improve depression and anxiety in the early stage and improve the daily living ability of patients with spinal cord injury.

To make sure the role of flagellin as mucosal adjuvants and the protective effect of streptococcus pneumonia infection when combined with DnaJ protein.Methods:Recombinant plasmid pET-28 ( a)/flagella was transferred to E.coli BL21(DE3).Over-expression of flagella was induced by IPTG and purification for animal study.All the C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups ,then respectively intranasally given the mixture of flagellin and DnaJ protein ( experimental group ) , DnaJ protein( control group 1 ) and the mixture of GST and DnaJ protein ( control group 2 ).The serum IgG and its subtype , cytokines secreted by mice spleen cells were detected by ELISA.At last all the C57BL/6 mice were intranasally immunized with Streptococcus pneumoniaD39.The protective effect by survival times were evaluated.Results: The mice of experimental group could secrete high level of serum IgG and cytokines IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-17A.What more,the survival rate of mice in experimental group was 60%,a significant statistical difference with the control group.Conclusion:The flagellin as an adjuvant can reinforce the immune response of DnaJ protein and have better protection of resistance D 39 infection.We suggest that flagellin can be used as protein vaccine adjuvants.

Objective The article described the design and building of a virtual reality technology-based rehabilitation system for patients with cognitive deficits, including overall idea, design and structure of the system, the key technology, such as formal description of the training data, man-machine interactive control, controlling simulation of the training process and virtual environment module development to achieve system implementation. The system is suitable for our country and military. It will create a new way for the cognitive rehabilitation and help to promote the application of virtual reality technology in rehabilitation

The evaluation system of PBL teaching was constructed to develop PBL teaching in combination with the characteristics of medical courses. It covered students evaluation system, teacher's evaluation, and teaching pattern system in all aspects of teaching. The present study was carried out through repeated verification in many clinical medicine curriculum and many grades of students, and standardized assessment model, a more mature evaluation system, has been fully applied. All the indices of the evaluation system were comprehensive in contents, scientific, objective, manipulated easily and with good results, which is worth promoting the application of PBL teaching in the future.