Objective:To compare the efficacy of bilayer artificial dermis graft plus single layer dermal template and bilayer artificial dermis graft only in repairing lower extremity wounds with large area of exposed bone.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 34 patients with 37 wounds of the lower extremity involving large area of exposed bone admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from November 2009 to November 2020. There were 27 males and 7 females, aged 9-67 years [35.5(29, 45)years]. The exposed bone in the lower leg, ankle and foot was greater than 10 cm 2 in size (the shortest distance from edge to edge of bony exposure was more than 2 cm). At the first stage, the wounds were grafted with bilayer type artificial dermis only for 21 wounds of 20 patients in Group A, and grafted with bilayer type artificial dermis plus single layer dermal template for 16 wounds of 14 patients in Group B. At the second stage, the auto-skin graft was performed in the two groups. The wound healing rate was observed in all patients, and was compared between the two groups at 2 weeks and 2 months after the second stage operation. At the same time, the interval between first stage and second stage surgery was measured. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) was used to evaluate the scar in the skin grafting area in the two groups at 5-6 months after the second stage operation. Results:All patients were followed up for 1 to 24 months [5(2, 7.5)months]. The total excellent and good wound healing rate in all patients was 81%(30/37) at 2 weeks and 97%(36/37) at 2 months. There was no significant difference between the Group A and Group B in the excellent and good wound healing rate at 2 weeks [(76%(16/21) vs. 88%(14/16)] and at 2 months [95%(20/21) vs. 100%(16/16)] ( P>0.05). In Group A, the bilayer artificial dermis was grafted into 4 wounds again to complete exposed bone coverage. However, all wounds in Group B were covered initially without re-grafting. The interval between the two-stage operation was 20(16, 21)days in Group A after the 4 patients who underwent secondary artificial dermal transplantation were excluded, showing no significant difference from 21(21, 23)days in Group B ( P>0.05). At 5-6 months after the second stage operation, the VSS score in Group B [(8.0±1.2)points] was significant less than that in Group A [(9.2±1.1)days] ( P<0.05). In the sub-index of VSS, the score of color and softness of scar in Group B [(2.0±0.6)points, (1.6±0.5)points] were significantly improved compared to those in Group A [(2.5±0.5)points, (2.2±0.7)points] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The artificial dermis grafting is effective in treatment of lower extremity wounds with large area of exposed bone. However, the bilayer artificial dermis graft plus single layer dermal template can avoid artificial dermal re-graft in repair of large area of exposed bone, and the interval between two-stage operation is not significantly prolonged. Moerover, the color and texture of scar after skin grafting and wound repair efficiency and quality are improved.

Neuropsychiatric disorders are the leading cause of mental and intellectual disabilities worldwide. Current therapies against neuropsychiatric disorders are very limited, and very little is known about the onset and development of these diseases, and their most effective treatments. MIR137 has been previously identified as a risk gene for the etiology of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. Here we generated a forebrain-specific MIR137 knockout mouse model, and provided evidence that loss of miR-137 resulted in impaired homeostasis of potassium in mouse hippocampal neurons. KCC2, a potassium-chloride co-transporter, was a direct downstream target of miR-137. The KCC2 specific antagonist VU0240551 could balance the current of potassium in miR-137 knockout neurons, and knockdown of KCC2 could ameliorate anxiety-like behavior in MIR137 cKO mice. These data suggest that KCC2 antagonists or knockdown might be beneficial to neuropsychiatric disorders due to the deficiency of miR-137.

Objective To analyze the clustering of major cardiovascular risk factors among population with different level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) in Jiangsu provincial communities. Methods A population-based screening project was conducted during 2015-2017, with 83 522 residents aged 35-75 years from 6 areas included in the study. Prevalence and the clustering of four cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia and smoking) were analyzed. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between FBG and cardiovascular risk factor clustering. Results The prevalence of diabetes was 18.9% among adults aged 35-75 years in Jiangsu province, and 41.4% of them were aware of their disease. Among undiagnosed population, the odd ratios (OR) of cardiovascular risk factors clustering in impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and hyperglycemia group was 1.29 (OR=1.29，95% CI:1.24-1.36，P<0.001) and 1.99 (OR=1.99，95% CI:1.89-2.08，P<0.001), compared with normal FBG group. The control rate of FBG was 15.5% among diagnosed cases. There was no difference in the risk clustering between diabetes patient with and without control of FBG. Conclusions Hyperglycemia and IFG increase the risk of cardiovascular risk factor clustering. Comprehensive interventions should be served as an important role to keep blood glucose at a normal level in high-risk population.

Naodesheng (NDS) formula, which consists of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Lobed Kudzuvine, Carthamus tinctorius, Radix Notoginseng, and Crataegus pinnatifida, is widely applied for the treatment of cardio/cerebrovascular ischemic diseases, ischemic stroke, and sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage, etc. At present, the studies on NDS formula for Alzheimer's disease (AD) only focus on single component of this prescription, and there is no report about the synergistic mechanism of the constituents in NDS formula for the potential treatment of dementia. Therefore, the present study aimed to predict the potential targets and uncover the mechanisms of NDS formula for the treatment of AD. Firstly, we collected the constituents in NDS formula and key targets toward AD. Then, drug-likeness, oral bioavailability, and blood-brain barrier permeability were evaluated to find drug-like and lead-like constituents for treatment of central nervous system diseases. By combining the advantages of machine learning, molecular docking, and pharmacophore mapping, we attempted to predict the targets of constituents and find potential multi-target compounds from NDS formula. Finally, we built constituent-target network, constituent-target-target network and target-biological pathway network to study the network pharmacology of the constituents in NDS formula. To the best of our knowledge, this represented the first to study the mechanism of NDS formula for potential efficacy for AD treatment by means of the virtual screening and network pharmacology methods.
Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Autoanalysis ; Biological Availability ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; Databases, Chemical ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Peptide Fragments ; chemistry ; Permeability

OBJECTIVE Using bioinformatics methods, to establish Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction (XX-MD)"compound-vasoconstriction G Protein-Coupled Receptors(GPCR)targets"network,and analyze the vasoconstriction regulatory effective components and the potential targets of XXMD. METHODS Ac-cording to the XXMD herb sources,we retrieved the chemical structures from the national scientific da-ta sharing platform for population and health pharmaceutical information center,TCMSP database and the latest research literature.The chemical molecular library was established after class prediction and screening for medicinal and metabolic properties.Five kinds of vasoconstriction GPCR crystal structure including 5-HT receptors(5-HT1AR,5-HT1BR),AT1R,β2-AR,hUTR and ETB were retrieved from Bank Pro-tein Data Bank database or homology modeling using Discovery Studio 4.1 built-in modeling tools.After virtual screening by Libdock molecular docking,the highest rated 50 compounds of each target were col-lected and analyzed. The collected data were further used to construct and analyze the network. RE-SULTS 859 single compound structures information in XXMD were generalized following the screen-ing of obtained 2043 compounds.The complicated compound-vasoconstriction GPCR targets network of XXMD was then constructed and analyzed by molecular docking with the above five kinds of GPCR target receptors. Most of the chemical composition effects were associated with different vasoconstric-tion GPCR targets,while a few effective components can be applied to multiple GPCR targets at the same time,therefore forming synergies.CONCLUSION Vasorelaxant effects of XXMD may not only result from the collaborative interaction between a variety of active ingredients in Chinese medicine and multi-ple targets,but also from the interaction between some effective component and multiple targets.