Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets on rats with precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC).Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the folic acid group and the Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets group,with 10 rats in each group.In addition to the normal group,the other three groups of rats were prepared by gavage with Ranitidine Aqueous Solution combined with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)solution drinking method for the preparation of PLGC model.After successful modeling,drugs were administered accordingly for 7 weeks.The changes in body mass of rats during modeling and drug administration were recorded,the gross view of the stomach was observed and scored pathologically,the coefficients of spleen and liver were determined,the pathological changes in gastric tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure serum gastrin(GAS),motilin(MTL)and glucagon(GC),Alisin Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff's(AB-PAS)staining was used to observe the thickness of the mucosal layer of gastric tissues,the expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K),protein kinase B(Akt),phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt),and endothelial-type nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)proteins in gastric tissues were detected by protein immunoblotting(Western Blot),and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)protein in gastric tissues was detected by immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared with the normal group,the body mass of rats in the model group grew slowly during the experimental period,gastric macroscopic pathological scores were significantly increased(P＜0.01),splenic coefficient and hepatic coefficient were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),the gastric tissues showed cuprocyte hyperplasia and intestinal chemotaxis,gastric tissues'inflammation scores were significantly increased(P＜0.01),the serum GAS content was significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the MTL,GC contents were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),and the thickness of the mucous membrane layer of gastric tissue was significantly reduced(P＜0.05),the protein expression levels of PI3K,p-PI3K,Akt,p-Akt and eNOS were reduced(P＜0.01),and the protein expression level of VEGFA was reduced(P＜0.01);compared with the model group,the above indexes of the Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets group and the folic acid group were all significantly improved(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),among which,the Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets group had a better improvement effect in the proliferation of cup cells and intestinal chemotaxis in gastric tissues,the content of serum GAS,and the thickness of the mucous layer in gastric tissues.Conclusion The mechanism of the improvement of PLGC in rats by Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets may be related to the activation of the PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway,which in turn promotes the angiogenesis and repair of gastric damaged tissues.

At present, the major public health challenges caused by novel coronavirus infection have gradually subside. However, a large number of people are still suffering from long-novel coronavirus syndrome or post-novel coronavirus syndrome. The clinical manifestations of long coronavirus syndrome are related to multiple systems, such as respiratory, circulatory, nervous, digestive and musculoskeletal systems, with various long-term persistent symptoms after novel coronavirus infection. At the same time, the infection of the novel coronavirus is an important cause of frailty and sarcopenia in the elderly population. However, at present, the scholars have not paid enough attention to the skeletal muscle weakness caused by the novel coronavirus. Therefore, this paper focuses on the long-novel coronavirus syndrome and sarcopenia to explore the pathological mechanism of skeletal muscle attenuation caused by the SARS-CoV-2 mediated "cytokine storm", mitochondrial damage, hypoxia state and other links, so as to raise the attention of clinical and academic researchers and improve the clinical strategy of frailty and sarcopenia after novel coronavirus infection.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of mucin 1 (MUC1) on the proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its regulatory mechanism. MethodsThe 60 NPC and paired para-cancer normal tissues were collected from October 2020 to July 2021 in Quanzhou First Hospital. The expression of MUC1 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the patients with PNC. The 5-8F and HNE1 cells were transfected with siRNA control (si-control) or siRNA targeting MUC1 (si-MUC1). Cell proliferation was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assay, and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry analysis in the 5-8F and HNE1 cells. The qPCR and ELISA were executed to analyze the levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Western blot was performed to measure the expression of MUC1, NF-кB and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2). ResultsThe expression of MUC1 was up-regulated in the NPC tissues, and NPC patients with the high MUC1 expression were inclined to EBV infection, growth and metastasis of NPC. Loss of MUC1 restrained malignant features, including the proliferation and apoptosis, downregulated the expression of p-IкB、p-P65 and Bcl-2 and upregulated the expression of Bax in the NPC cells. ConclusionDownregulation of MUC1 restrained biological characteristics of malignancy, including cell proliferation and apoptosis, by inactivating NF-κB signaling pathway in NPC.

BACKGROUND:Pulsed electromagnetic fields,as an important physical therapy,are exactly effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis,but the mechanism has not been fully clarified. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field on the degeneration of knee joint cartilage in aged rats. METHODS:Eight 6-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were selected as the young group and were subjected to normal diet with no treatment.Sixteen 22-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into old group(n=8)and pulsed electromagnetic field group(n=8).The rats in the pulsed electromagnetic field group were subjected to a pulsed electromagnetic field intervention,once a day,5 days per week for continuous 8 weeks.The rats in the old group were given no treatment.All rats were anesthetized and executed after 8 weeks for the detection of relevant indexes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the young group,serum type Ⅱ collagen C-terminal peptide level was increased in the old group(P<0.05);compared with the old group,serum type Ⅱ collagen C-terminal peptide level was decreased in the pulsed electromagnetic field group(P<0.05).Micro-CT showed that the bone volume fraction,bone mineral density,and number of bone trabeculae decreased(P<0.05)and the trabecular separation increased(P<0.05)in the tibia of rats in the aged group compared with the young group;and the bone volume fraction,bone density,and number of trabeculae increased(P<0.05)and the trabecular separation decreased(P<0.05)in the tibia of rats in the pulsed electromagnetic field group compared with the aged group.The tibial plateau Safranin O-fast green staining showed that the articular cartilage structure of rats in the aged group was disorganized,and the number of chondrocytes was obviously reduced,and the tidal line could not be distinguished.The above results were improved in the pulsed electromagnetic field group.RT-qPCR and western blot assay showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 1,matrix metalloproteinase 13,P53 and P21 in the articular cartilage and subchondral bone of rats were elevated in the aged group compared with the young group(P<0.05)and decreased in the pulsed electromagnetic field group compared with the old group(P<0.05).To conclude,pulsed electromagnetic fields may improve osteoarthritis in aged rats by inhibiting chondrocyte senescence,alleviating articular cartilage degradation and inhibiting subchondral bone osteoporosis through suppressing the expression of P53/P21.

Objective:To explore the effects of staged thematic painting therapy on positive emotions, alexithymia and self-efficacy in children with emotional disorders.Methods:This was a quasi-experimental study. By convenient sampling, 61 children with emotional disorders admitted from January 2022 to December 2022 to the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University were selected as the research objects, 31 patients admitted from January 2022 to June 2022 were listed as the control group and 30 patients admitted from July 2022 to December 2022 were listed as the observation group according to the time of admission.The control group was given routine psychiatric care, and the observation group was given staged thematic painting therapy on this basis. The intervention time was 6 weeks. The intervention effect was evaluated by Positive and Negative Affect Scale,Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and General Self-Efficacy Scale.Results:There were 15 males and 16 females in the control group, aged (14.19 ± 1.79) years old. There were 13 males and 17 females in the observation group, aged (14.47 ± 1.55) years old. The difference in baseline data between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P>0.05) and was comparable. There was no significant difference in the score of positive emotions, alexithymia and self-efficacy before intervention between the two groups (all P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of positive emotions and self-efficacy in the observation group were (43.20±7.41), (31.88 ± 5.42) points, which were higher than those in the control group (33.81 ± 6.92), (21.24 ± 5.41) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=-6.19, -5.63, both P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of alexithymia in the observation group was (53.44 ± 4.68) points, which was lower than that in the control group (60.44 ± 5.52) points, the difference was statistically significant ( t=-8.72, P<0.05). Conclusions:Staged thematic painting therapy can effectively improve the positive emotions, self-efficacy and alexithymia level of children with emotional disorders, help the patients establish confidence to overcome the disease. It is valuable in clinical practice.

Deuterated drugs have been new strategies in drug design and development for advantages in improving pharmacokinetic properties, reducing toxic metabolites, and stabilizing chiral structures over their non-deuterated counterparts. Deuterium isotopic impurities, including isotopologues and isotopomers, are inevitably generated even with state-of-the-art deuteration techniques, which significantly affect the safety and potency of drugs through deuterium kinetic isotope effects. Therefore, deuterium isotopic purity is the most characteristic critical quality attribute of deuterated drugs compared to other drugs. However, it is challenging to separate isotopic mixtures with routine analytical methods, and regulatory agencies have not proposed guidelines for deuterated drugs in terms of analytical techniques and quality control, which presents great analytical challenges for the development of deuterated drugs. This paper reviews the analytical techniques for deuterium isotopic purity of deuterated drugs and discusses the features and scopes of different methods. It aims to provide references for the development and relevant study of deuterated drugs.

Objective To investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide(GLPP)on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL)cells and its mechanism.Methods OCI-LY19 cells were divided into six groups:control,GLPP,si-NC,si-protein arginine methyltransferase 6(PRMT6),GLPP+pcDNA3.1-NC and GLPP+pcDNA3.1-PRMT6 groups.The si-NC,si-PRMT6,GLPP+pcDNA3.1-NC and GLPP+pcDNA3.1-PRMT6 groups were transfected with si-NC,si-PRMT6,pcDNA3.1-NC and pcDNA3.1-PRMT6,respectively.After the transfection was completed,control,si-NC and si-PRMT6 groups were treated with RPMI-1640 medium,while the GLPP,GLPP+pcDNA3.1-NC and GLPP+pcDNA3.1-PRMT6 groups were cultured with RPMI-1640 medium containing with 20 μg·mL-1 GLPP.After administration 24 h,the cell proliferation inhibition rates,mobility rates and apoptosis rates were detected.The expression levels of PRMT6 protein were measured by Western blotting.Results The cell proliferation inhibition rates of si-NC,si-PRMT6,GLPP+pcDNA3.1-NC and GLPP+pcDNA3.1-PRMT6 groups were(1.28±0.16)％,(38.61±3.29)％,(52.84±7.74)％and(22.75±3.87)％,respectively.The number of cell migrations in the control,GLPP,si-NC,si-PRMT6,GLPP+pcDNA3.1-NC and GLPP+pcDNA3.1-PRMT6 groups was(252.65±24.65),(136.54±16.46),(231.65±21.24),(142.76±15.34),(140.23±9.84)and(192.38±23.38)cells;the apoptosis rates were(4.36±0.52)％,(28.24±2.36)％,(4.23±0.45)％,(24.54±2.27)％,(28.42±3.85)％and(14.25±2.13)％);the expression levels of PRMT6 protein were 1.82±0.21,0.56±0.05,1.78±0.19,0.54±0.05,0.29±0.02 and 0.32±0.03,respectively.The differences of above indexes were statistically significant between control group and GLPP group,between si-NC group and si-PRMT6 group,between GLPP+pcDNA3.1-NC group and GLPP+pcDNA3.1-PRMT6 group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion GLPP could inhibit proliferation,migration and promote apoptosis of DLBCL cells by down-regulating PRMT6 expression.

OBJECTIVE To analyse the prognosis and laryngeal function retention of patients undergoing minimally invasive and open surgery after induction chemotherapy.METHODS The clinical data of 54 hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received induction chemotherapy and underwent laryngeal preservation surgery in Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2016 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The laryngeal function recovery and survival rate were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Twenty-eight patients underwent transoral minimally invasive surgery and 26 patients underwent partial laryngectomy and/or partial laryngectomy via external cervical approach.The 3-year survival rates of the two groups were 63%and 59%,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with downstaged hypopharyngeal carcinoma after induction chemotherapy,the survival rate of transoral minimally invasive surgery is similar to that of open surgery,and the laryngeal function recovery of transoral minimally invasive surgery is better.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of"hegu needling"combined with"joint needling"in the treatment of chronic lumbar muscle strain.Methods A total of 64 patients with chronic lumbar muscle strain were randomly divided into observation group and control group,32 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine acupuncture,and the observation group was treated with"hegu needling"combined with"joint needling"on the basis of the control group.One week for a course of treatment,a total of two courses of treatment.After two weeks of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated,and the changes of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)of pain score and simplified Oswestry Dysfunction Index questionnaire(simplified ODI)score were observed before and after treatment.The changes of spinal mobility were compared before and after treatment between the two groups.Results(1)The total effective rate was 93.75%(30/32)in the observation group and 78.13%(25/32)in the control group.The curative effect of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the simplified ODI score and spinal activity score of the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the simplified ODI score and spinal activity score,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After two weeks of treatment,the VAS scores of the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the VAS score,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After one month of treatment,there was no significant difference in VAS score of the observation group when compared with that after two weeks of treatment(P＞0.05).Conclusion"Hegu needling"combined with"joint needling"in the treatment of chronic lumbar muscle strain can significantly improve the patients'pain symptoms,enhance the patient's waist function,and improve the patients'spinal mobility.

Objective:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common metabolic disorder in overweight and obese children,and its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear,lacking effective preventive and therapeutic measures.This study aims to explore the association between whole blood copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron levels and NAFLD in overweight and obese children aged 6 to 17 years,providing a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of early NAFLD in overweight and obese children. Methods:A cross-sectional study design was used to collect relevant data from overweight and obese children who visited the Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 through questionnaire surveys.Fasting blood samples were collected from the subjects,and various indicators such as blood glucose,blood lipid,and mineral elements were detected.All children were divided into an overweight group(n=400)and a NAFLD group(n=202).The NAFLD group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the ALT level:A non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL)group and a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)group.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between minerals(copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium,and iron)and NAFLD,NAFL and NASH. Results:A total of 602 subjects were included,of whom 73.6%were male,with a median age of 10(9,11)years,and a body mass index(BMI)of 24.9(22.7,27.4)kg/m2.The intergroup comparison results showed that compared with the overweight group,the NAFLD group had higher levels of age,BMI,diastolic blood pressure(DBP),systolic blood pressure(SBP),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL),alanine transaminase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and lower level of high density lipoprotein(HDL).The NAFL group had higher levels of age,BMI,DBP,SBP,ALT,and AST,and lower levels of HDL compared with the overweight group.The levels of age,BMI,DBP,SBP,TG,LDL,ALT,and AST of NASH were higher than those in the overweight group,while the level of HDL was lower than that in overweight group(all P<0.017).After adjusting for a variety of confounders,the OR of NAFLD for the highest quantile of iron was 1.79(95%CI 1.07 to 3.00)compared to the lowest quantile,and no significant association was observed between copper,zinc,calcium,and magnesium,and NAFLD.The subgroup analysis of NAFLD showed that the OR for the highest quantile of iron in children with NAFL was 2.21(95%CI 1.26 to 3.88),while no significant association was observed between iron level and NASH.In addition,no significant associations were observed between copper,zinc,calcium,and magnesium levels and NAFL or NASH. Conclusion:High iron level increases the risk of NAFLD(more likely NAFL)in overweight and obese children,while copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium,and other elements are not associated with the risk of NAFLD in overweight and obese children.