Osteoporosis is an important cause of internal fixation loosening after spinal surgery.Cement-augmented pedicle screw instru-mentation(CAPSI)technique is the most widely used technique in clinical practice to improve the stability of pedicle screw,mainly applied in osteoporosis and revision surgery,which included conventional solid pedicles crews and fenestrated/cannulated pedicle screws technique.CAPSI technique may cause cement leakage and pulmonary embolism,and there is no consensus on its indications or technical points.Therefore,this article reviews the research progress of CAPSI,in order to provide relevant reference for clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the application value of single-sperm sequencing in resolving the carrier status of preim-plantation genetic testing(PGT)for chromosomal structural rearrangements in Robertsonian translocations.Methods:Haplotypes were constructed by single-sperm isolation combined with single-sperm sequencing for a patient with 45,XY,der(13;14)(q10;q10).Twenty single-sperm samples were isolated by mechanical braking and subjected to whole-genome amplification(WGA),and then the Asian Screening Array(ASA)gene chip was used to detect the 183 708 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)of the WGA products.The single sperm associated with the translocation that could be used as haplotype inference was detected by copy number variation(CNV)sequencing,and the chromosomal haplotypes with normal and Robertsonian translocations were inferred.Three biopsy samples of embryonic trophoblast cells were used as the objects.After whole-genome amplification,high-throughput sequencing was employed to determine the status of the translocation chromosome carried by the embryos.The available blastocysts were selected for transfer,and the amniotic fluid samples were taken at 18 weeks of gestation to confirm whether the fetus carried the pathogenic muta-tion.Results:A total of 6 037 SNP sites were screened by single-sperm sequencing,and 30 sites selected to distinguish normal and translocation haplotypes.Preimplantation haplotype analysis showed that all the three embryos were euploids without Robertsonian translocation chromosome.Genetic testing of amniotic fluid in the second trimester confirmed that the karyotype of the fetus was 46,XN,carrying no Robertsonian translocation chromosome.Conclusion:For male carriers of Robertsonian translocation,single sperm sequencing can be used to screen SNP sites to construct haplotypes for distinguishing normal and Robertsonian translocation em-bryos,and to provide a basis for embryo selection by preimplantation chromosomal structural genetic testing.

Child ; Humans ; Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Thalassemia

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pulmonary infection caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. Methods　The clinical data of a patient with pulmonary infection caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum were reported, and the clinical characteristics, laboratory characteristics and drug sensitivity of pulmonary infection caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum were summarized in combination with the relevant literature at home and abroad from January 2010 to December 2022. Results　A 67-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital on June 30, 2020 because of "repeated chest tightness and shortness of breath for 3 years, aggravated cough, expectoration and fever". The sputum, alveolar lavage fluid and blood of the patient were collected for culture, and the detected pathogenic bacteria were identified. There are pathogenic bacteria growing in sputum and alveolar lavage fluid, which are identified as Nocardia otitidiscaviarum by Autof ms mass spectrometer. According to the results of pathogenic bacteria and the patient's condition, meropenem combined with compound sulfamethoxazole tablets were given anti-infection treatment, and the patient's condition improved and discharged. Conclusion　The clinical manifestations and imaging features of nocardiosis are lack of specificity, and are prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Etiology is the key to disease diagnosis, and clinical examination and culture should be conducted in time.

Aim To investigate the effects of CPD1, a novel phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, on liver pathological phenotype and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in hepatic fibrosis model mice caused by carbon tetrachloride ( CCl

Objective: To analyze the occurrence of recompensation conditions in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis after entecavir antiviral therapy. Methods: Patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis with ascites as the initial manifestation were prospectively enrolled. Patients who received entecavir treatment for 120 weeks and were followed up every 24 weeks (including clinical endpoint events, hematological and imaging indicators, and others) were calculated for recompensation rates according to the Baveno VII criteria. Measurement data were compared using the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test between groups. Categorical data were compared by the χ (2) test or Fisher's exact probability method between groups. Results: 283 of the 320 enrolled cases completed the 120-week follow-up, and 92.2% (261/283) achieved a virological response (HBV DNA 20 IU/ml). Child-Pugh and MELD scores were significantly improved after treatment (8.33 ± 1.90 vs. 5.77 ± 1.37, t = 12.70, P < 0.001; 13.37 ± 4.44 vs. 10.45 ± 4.58, t = 5.963, P < 0.001). During the 120-week follow-up period, 14 cases died, two received liver transplants, 19 developed hepatocellular cancer, 11 developed gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, and four developed hepatic encephalopathy. 60.4% (171/283) (no decompensation events occurred for 12 months) and 56.2% (159/283) (no decompensation events occurred for 12 months and improved liver function) of the patients had achieved clinical recompensation within 120 weeks. Patients with baseline MELD scores > 15 after active antiviral therapy achieved higher recompensation than patients with baseline MELD scores ≤15 [50/74 (67.6%) vs. 109/209 (52.2%), χ (2) = 5.275, P = 0.029]. Conclusion: Antiviral therapy can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. The majority of patients (56.2%) had achieved recompensation. Patients with severe disease did not have a lower probability of recompensation at baseline than other patients.
Humans ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics* ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy* ; Antiviral Agents/adverse effects* ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/complications* ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications* ; Treatment Outcome ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/complications* ; Hepatitis B/drug therapy*

Aim To study the nephrotoxicity effects of the main monomers in Zuojin Pills. Methods CCK-8 and high-content toxicity screening were used to preliminarily screen the main alkaloids in Zuojin Pills that may cause renal cell damage. Further, by confirmation of cell morphology, release rate of lactate dehydrogenase and cytochrome C, and expression of apoptosis-related proteins, the alkaloids causing cell damage were preliminarily identified, providing in vitro toxicological evidence for the compatibility of components of traditional Chinese medicine and compatibility attenuation. Results Preliminary screening using CCK-8 method and high-content technology showed that evodiamine (EVO) could significantly reduce cell number, increase cell membrane permeability, and reduce mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, cell morphology, apoptosis and cytochrome C expression were consistent with the results of high-content screening. Western blot experiments indicate that EVO could induce apoptosis and cause renal cell damage. Conclusions EVO can obviously cause renal cell damage, and may induce apoptosis by affecting mitochondria, cytochrome C and cell membrane permeability.

To investigate the potential molecular mechanism of the combination of Platycodonis Radix and Lilii Bulbus with the homology of medicine and food in the treatment of pneumonia by means of network pharmacology and in vitro verification experiment. Under the condition of bioavailability(OB)≥30% and drug-like(DL)≥0.18, the active components of Platycodonis Radix and Lilii Bulbus were screened in TCMSP database; the prediction targets of active components were searched from TCMSP, DrugBank and other databases, and the potential targets of pneumonia were obtained through GeneCards and OMIM database. The common targets were obtained by the intersection of drug and disease targets. The PPI network of common targets was constructed by STRING 11.0, and the core targets were obtained by topological analysis. Then the core targets received GO and KEGG analysis with use of WebGestalt and Metascape. The "component-target-pathway" network was constructed with the help of Cytoscape 3.7.1 software, and the component-target molecular docking verification was carried out with Discovery Studio 2016 software. Finally, the core targets and pathways were preliminarily verified in vitro. In this study, 12 active components were screened, 225 drug prediction targets and 420 potential diseases targets were obtained based on data mining method, and 14 core targets were obtained by topological analysis, including TNF, MMP9, AKT1, IL4 and IL2. The enrichment results of GO and KEGG showed that "Platycodonis Radix and Lilii Bulbus" drug pair may regulate inflammation, cell growth and metabolism by acting on 20 key signaling pathways such as TNF and IL-17, thereby exerting anti-pneumonia effects. The results of molecular docking showed that 12 active components had good binding ability with 14 core targets. In vitro experiment results showed that the core components of "Platycodonis Radix and Lilii Bulbus" drug pair could inhibit the expression of MMP9 and TNF-α by regulating TNF signal pathway. This study confirmed the scientificity and reliability of the prediction results of network pharmacology, and preliminarily revealed the potential molecular mechanism of the compatibility of Platycodonis Radix and Lilii Bulbus in the treatment of pneumonia. It provides a novel insight on systematically exploring the mechanism of the compatible use of Platycodonis Radix and Lilii Bulbus, and has a certain reference value for the research, development and application of new drugs.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Pneumonia/drug therapy* ; Reproducibility of Results

In recent years, the safety problems and events of traditional Chinese medicine represented by liver injury have occurred frequently. In particular, Polygonum multiflorum has been widely used and considered as a "non-toxic" tonic traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. However, in recent years, frequent reports of liver injury events have attracted widespread attention at home and abroad, which has made unfavorable impacts on traditional Chinese medicine and its international development. Some scho-lars have found that susceptible genes of P. multiflorum on liver injury lay a scientific foundation for formulating rational comprehensive prevention and control measures for liver injury risk of P. multiflorum and its relevant preparations. But what are the risk signals of adverse reactions of P. multiflorum in clinical application? Spontaneous reporting system is an important way to monitor and find adverse drug reaction(ADR) signals after the drug is launched in the market. It can find the ADR signals in time and effectively, and then effectively prevent and avoid the occurrence of adverse drug events. At present, the data mining technique has gradually become the main method of ADR/adverse event(AE) report analysis and evaluation at home and abroad. Specifically, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network in Bayesian method is a commonly used risk signal early warning analysis method. In this paper, BCPNN method was used to excavate the risk signals of adverse reactions of Xinyuan Capsules, a traditional Chinese medicine preparation containing P. multiflorum, such as nausea, diarrhea, rash, dizziness, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, liver cell damage, so as to provide evidence-based evidence for clinical safe and rational use of drugs.
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; Bayes Theorem ; Capsules ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Neural Networks, Computer

Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Humans ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors