The bionic optic nerve can mimic human visual physiology and is a future treatment for visual disorders. Photosynaptic devices could respond to light stimuli and mimic normal optic nerve function. By modifying (Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythio-phene):poly (styrenesulfonate)) active layers with all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots, with an aqueous solution as the dielectric layer in this paper, we developed a photosynaptic device based on an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT). The optical switching response time of OECT was 3.7 s. To improve the optical response of the device, a 365 nm, 300 mW·cm ^-2 UV light source was used. Basic synaptic behaviors such as postsynaptic currents (0.225 mA) at a light pulse duration of 4 s and double pulse facilitation at a light pulse duration of 1 s and pulse interval of 1 s were simulated. By changing the way light stimulates, for example, by adjusting the intensity of the light pulses from 180 to 540 mW·cm ^-2, the duration from 1 to 20 s, and the number of light pulses from 1 to 20, the postsynaptic currents were increased by 0.350 mA, 0.420 mA, and 0.466 mA, respectively. As such, we realized the effective shift from short-term synaptic plasticity (100 s recovery of initial value) to long-term synaptic plasticity (84.3% of 250 s decay maximum). This optical synapse has a high potential for simulating the human optic nerve.
Humans ; Quantum Dots ; Bionics ; Oxides ; Optic Nerve

OBJECTIVE：To ex plore the protective effects of Longbie capsule contained serum （called“LBJN”for short ）on the apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by YAP inhibitor verteporfin and its mechanism. METHODS ：Primary human knee osteoarthritis（OA）chondrocytes were extracted by two-step enzymatic digestion ，and then identif ied by toluidine blue staining and type Ⅱ collagen immunofluorescence staining. The effects of 2，5 μmol/L verteporfin alone or combined with 5％LBJN on cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Solvent control （0.1％ DMSO）and 5％ LBJN were set. Western blot assay was adopted to detect the expression of apoptosis related proteins （YAP，Bcl-2，cleaved-caspase-3） after treated with 0.1％DMSO（solvent control ），2 μmol/L verteporfin，2 μmol/L verteporfin+5％LBJN 和 0（blank control ），2.5％ LBJN and 5％ LBJN for 48 h. The expression of autophagy related proteins （mTOR，Beclin-1，LC3A/B） after treated with 0 （blank control ），2.5％，5％ LBJN for 48 h were det ected by Western blot assay. RESULTS ：The isolated cells accorded with the characteristics of chondrocytes. Compared with 0.1％DMSO， the apoptosis rates of cells were increased significantly after treated with 2，5 μmol/L verteporfin（P＜0.05），and the effects of the two concentrations were similar （P＞0.05）. Compared with verteporfin alone ，2，5 μmol/L verteporfin combined with 5％LBJN could significantly decrease the apoptotic rate of cells （P＜0.05）. Compared with 0.1％DMSO，the protein expression of YAP and Bcl-2 were decreased significantly after treated with 2 μ mol/L verteporfin （P＜0.05）， while the protein expression of cleaved-caspase-3 were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with 2 μmol/L verteporfin，protein expression of YAP and Bcl-2 were increased significantly after treated with 2 μmol/L verteporfin+5％LBJN（P＜0.05），while the protein expression of cleaved-caspase-3 were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with blank control ，the protein expression of YAP ，Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 were increased significantly after treated with 2.5％，5％LBJN（P＜0.05），while protein expression of cleaved-caspase- 3 and mTOR were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：LBJN can block the apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by YAP inhibitor verteporfin ，and its mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of apoptosis related proteins and enhancing autophagy of chondrocytes.

Objective: To understand the status of physical health education in primary schools in Ganjiang New District, and to provide a reference for physical health education for educational managers. Methods: Based on the client satisfaction index and national documents, satisfaction questionnaire survey was administered among parents of 789 primary school students from 5 school in Ganjiang New Area.Sixteen indicators including physical monitoring and hours of physical education. Results: Modrate satisfaction level towards physical health education found among parents ranging from "4" to "3". The highest score for "sports teacher level" was 4.13 and the lowest score for "multimedia education" was 3.00. The average value of "sports teacher training locations" was 4.08, which was higher than the "overall satisfaction" score of 3.67; the average value of "school sports activities" was 3.58, which was lower than "overall satisfaction". The five-dimensional sample has good independence and there was no multicollinearity; the coefficient of influence of "Physical health of students" was 0.15(P<0.05). Conclusion Parents satisfaction with the management of physical health education in the five primary schools is generally good, but they are dissatisfied with the lack of physical education teachers venues and teaching hours. It is recommended that parents correct the "five education concept" to improve health education, balance the strengths and weaknesses of school education to make up for shortcomings, and strengthen the home school society co-education mechanism to improve the physical health of primary school students in Ganjiang New District.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of ligustrazine on miR-20b/VEGF and BMP2/Smad1 pathways in subchondral bone of knee osteoarthritis （KOA） model rats， and to investigate the mechanism of ligustrazine for KOA prevention and treatment. METHODS： Totally 18 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group， model group and ligustrazine group， with 6 rats in each group. The rats in the latter two groups were used to establish KOA model by intra-articular injection of 4％ papain solution. From the 2nd day after the last injection， ligustrazine group was given intragastrical administration of Ligustrazine suspension （100 mg/kg） 2 mL； normal control group and model group were given intragastrical administration of isometrical normal saline， once a day， for consecutive 6 weeks. After the last after medication， the situation of bilateral knee articular cartilage of rats were observed after exposure. The knee joints of rats were sectioned and stained with HE. The pathological change of articular cartilage were observed by microscope and scored by modified Mankin’s score. mRNA expression of VEGF， BMP2 and Smad1， and the expression of miR-20b were detected by RT-PCR； the protein expression of VEGF， BMP2 and Smad1 were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS： Model group and ligustrazine group suffered from cartilage injury of knee joint at varying degrees. Compared with normal control group， Mankin’s scores of knee joint and cartilage tissue were increased significantly in model group （P＜0.01）； mRNA and protein expression of BMP and Smad1， the expression of miR-20b in subchondral bone of model group were decreased significantly， while mRNA and protein expression of VEGF were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， Mankin’s score of cartilage tissue were decreased significantly in ligustrazine group （P＜0.01）； mRNA and protein expression of BMP and Smad1， the expression of miR-20b in subchondral bone were increased significantly， while mRNA and protein expression of VEGF were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： Ligustrazine can repair damaged articular cartilage in KOA model rats， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting the protein expression of VEGF and activating BMP-2/Smad1 signaling pathway via up-regulating the expression of miR-20b， and promoting the degradation of VEGF mRNA in subchondral bone.

Objective To study the association between white matter hyperintensities(WMH)and cognitive function in silent lacunar cerebral infarction patients and its risk factors.Methods One hundred and seventy-four silent lacunar cerebral infarction patients were included in this study. They underwent MRI to show the site and severity of their WMH,including degrees 0-3of periventricular WMH in 21,102,39,12patients respectively,and deep WMH in 19,53,86,16patients respectively.Then,their cognitive function scores were compared.Results The degree of WMH was significantly higher and the age was significantly older in silent lacunar cerebral infarction patients(P＜0.05).The situation memory,working memory and Simplified Intelligent State Scale score were significantly different in patients with different degrees of WMH in peripheral brain(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The working memory was significantly different in patients with different degrees of WMH in deep brain(P＜0.05).Degrees 1and 2of periventricular WMH were the independent risk factors for the impaired working memory(β=-0.264,P=0.038;β=-0.325,P=0.011)while degree 3of periventricular WMH was the independent risk factor for the impaired cognitive function(β=-0.273,P=0.014).Conclusion The memory is easy to be impaired in silent lacunar cerebral infarction patients with WMH of aging brain.Periventricular WMH is the major risk factor for cognitive impairment.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of fast-track surgery (FTS) application in gastric cancer operation.Methods A total of 196 cases of gastric cancer operation in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2016 were selected and divided into the FTS group and tradition group,98 cases in each group.The postoperative first time exhaust and defecation time,hospitalization stay length,hospital costs and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results The postoperative first time exhaust and defecation time in the FTS group were earlier than those in the tradition group,the hospitalization duration was decreased and hospitalization costs were reduced,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The occurrence rate of pulmonary complications had statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).Digestive tract fistula,fatality rate,re-hosplitalization rate and occurrence rate of overall complications had no statistical difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The application of FTS in gastric cancer operation can promote more rapid recovery of gastrointestinal function,shortens hospitalization stay and reduces the hospitalization costs.

Objective To explore the application of rapid rehabilitation concept in perioperative period of colorectal cancer.Methods A total of 110 patients with rectal cancer admitted in our hospital from June 2012 to July 2015 were enrolled in the research group(55 cases)and control group(55 cases).The observation group was treated with rapid rehabilitation method,and the control group was treated by traditional perioperative method.Observation of the two groups of patients was in the hands of the amount of bleeding,operation time,the first time the patient exhaust time,postoperative time to get out of bed and other indicators.We observed the two groups of patients with surgical incision infection,intestinal obstruction,pulmonary infection and other complications.Results The difference of the amount of bleeding and the length of the incision in the two groups was statistically significant(t=9.618,7.846,P<0.01).The first time of exhaustive time,the first defecation time,the time of eating,the time of getting out of bed and the postoperative hospital stay of research group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01).The incidence of complications such as incision infection,intestinal obstruction and pulmonary infection of the research group was lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.767,P<0.05).Conclusion The application of rapid recovery concept in perioperative period of colorectal cancer can reduce the incidence of surgical complications.

[Objective] The present study was to evaluate the association of serum total cholesterol level and prognosis in patients with acute left heart failure and associated mechanisms.[Methods] Sixty-eight patients due to acute episode of left heart failure prospectively enrolled,and baseline data and biochemical parameters were collected.After discharge,patients were follow-up for 1 month and they were divided into two groups (with and without cardiovascular events).Differences between groups were evaluated and the association of serum total cholesterol level and cardiovascular events were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.[Results] The mean age was 57.3 ± 12.6 years old and 52 cases were male patients accounting for 76.5 ％.Among these patients,46 had a diagnosis of coronary heart disease (67.6 ％),10 rheumatic heart disease (14.7 ％),12 dilated cardiomyopathy (17.7％),38hypertension (55.9％) and 24 diabetes mellitus (35.3％).After 1 month's follow up,39 patients (57.4％) had experienced cardiovascular events,36 cases were re-hospitalized,and 3 died from heart failure.Compared to those with cardiovascular events,event free individuals were younger and were less likely smokers (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,event free group had lower serum levels of N-terminal pro-BNP and C-reactive protein (P ＜ 0.05) while serum levels of total cholesterol and albumin were significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in medication between these two groups.After adjusted for age,gender,smoking,systolic blood pressure,serum albumin level,diabetes,hypertension and medications,increased total cholesterol level was independently associated with better prognosis with odds ratio of 0.91 (95 ％ confidence interval 0.80-0.96).Further adjusted for C-reactive protein,the association was attenuated to non-significance,with odds ratio of 0.97 (95 ％ confidence interval 0.87-1.09).[Conclusion] Adequate serum total cholesterol level was beneficial for improving short-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with left heart failure and the potential mechanisms might be related to cholesterol effects on improving nutritional status and anti-inflammation.

Objective To inquiry the changes of serum miRNAs expression in pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods The study subjects (all subjects are male) were divided into three groups:I stage pneumoconiosis (38 cases)、Pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis (12 cases) and healthy control (40cases).The first two groups come from Tianjin worker's sanatorium and healthy control group came from a Hospital Health Screening Center.RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-21,miR-200c,miR-16,miR-204,miR-206,miR-155,let-7g,miR-30b,miR-192,miR-29a in serum.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the expression levels of miR-204,miR-206,miR-21,miR-16,miR-29a,miR-155,miR-200c in other two groups are different (P＜0.05);Compared with the I stage pneumoconiosis,the expression levels of miR-155 is significantly higher (P＜0.05) and miR-29a is significantly lower (P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with the I stage pneumoconiosis,the expression levels of miR-155 and miR-29a are significantly different,suggesting that these two miRNAs may play a important role in the process of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis

Objective To inquiry the changes of serum miRNAs expression in pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods The study subjects (all subjects are male) were divided into three groups:I stage pneumoconiosis (38 cases)、Pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis (12 cases) and healthy control (40cases).The first two groups come from Tianjin worker's sanatorium and healthy control group came from a Hospital Health Screening Center.RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-21,miR-200c,miR-16,miR-204,miR-206,miR-155,let-7g,miR-30b,miR-192,miR-29a in serum.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the expression levels of miR-204,miR-206,miR-21,miR-16,miR-29a,miR-155,miR-200c in other two groups are different (P＜0.05);Compared with the I stage pneumoconiosis,the expression levels of miR-155 is significantly higher (P＜0.05) and miR-29a is significantly lower (P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with the I stage pneumoconiosis,the expression levels of miR-155 and miR-29a are significantly different,suggesting that these two miRNAs may play a important role in the process of pneumoconiosis complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis