OBJECTIVE：To stu dy the improvement effects o f Trillium tschonos kii total sapo nins（TTM）on adjuvant-induced arthritis model rats and its mechanism. METHODS ：SD rats were randomly divided into model group （n＝44）and blank group （n＝6）. Model group was given Complete Freund ’s adjuvant to induce the adjuvant-induced arthritis model ；blank group was given constant volume of normal saline with same method. Model group were divided into model group ，Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets group （40 mg/kg），TTM low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （50，100，200 mg/kg），with 6 rats in each group. Administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically ；blank group and model group were given normal saline intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 9 days. After last intragastric administration ，the body weight and foot swelling degree （bilateral）were detected ，and arthritis score was performed. The contents of tumor necrosis fator α（TNF-α）， interleukin 1β（IL-1β）and IL- 6 were detected ；the pathomorphological changes of rat ankle were observed ；protein expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3），apoptosis associated spot-like protein （ASC），caspase-1 were detected ；the protein expression of NLRP 3 in synovial tissue of ankle joint were also determined. RESULTS ：Compared with blank group ，foot swelling degree，serum contents of TNF-α，IL-1β and IL-6，the protein expression of NLRP 3，ASC and caspase- 1 in knee tissue as well as the protein expression of NLRP 3 in synovial tissue of ankle joint were increased significantly in model group （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01），while the body weight was decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The obvious proliferation of synovial cells ，the congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration of synovial tissue were all observed. Compared with model group ，most of the above indexes were all reversed significantly in TTM groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；the pathological changes such as synovial cell proliferation ， congestion of synovial tissue and chondrocyte destruction were all relieved ，and inflammatory cell infiltration was alleviated.CONCLUSIONS：TTM can improve rheumatoid arthritis of rats， the mechanism of which may be associated with 用。E-mail：yulingling@ctgu.edu.cn inhibiting the activity of NLRP 3/caspase-1 signaling pathway and decreasing the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6.

To analyze the difficulty, distinction and result of the first national public health practice skills competition among college students, it showed the general situation of this competition, and discussed the present situation, problems and countermeasures of skills training for students majoring in preventive medicine. Based on such competition, educators can promote teaching reform and post competency training.

Objective To assess the methodology of papers on systematic reviews and meta-analysis of interventions published in Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine .Methods Basic data were extracted from 70 papers on systematic reviews and meta-analysis of interventions published in Journal of Evidence-Based Medicinefrom 2001 to 2011 .Methodology used in these papers was assessed according to the AMSTAR Scale.The data were input into the Excelland analyzed using the SPSS7.0 and Meta-Analyst software.Results The methodology used in 34 papers (48.6%) was assessed using the Cochrane bias risk assessment tools.Fund support, number of authors and their affiliated institutions did not sig-nificantly affect the total score of methodology used in the 70 papers .Conclusion The methodology used in papers on systematic reviews and meta-analysis of interventions published in Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine is not quite valid as its early design program and retrieval strategies are imperfect , and it does not provide the excluded literature list and the interest conflict.

Objective To observe the effects of Baizhu Huangqi Decoction and its effective-part prescription on mice ulcerative colitis(UC).Methods The mice UC model was induced by clyster with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS)and the effects were comprehensively evaluated by disease activity index,the macroscopic and histological assessment of colon mucosa damage and the activity of myeloperoxidase(MPO).Results Both Baizhu Huangqi Decoction and its effective-part prescription had effects on disease activity index(DAI),inflammation index and MPO activity.The effect of effective-part prescription was better than that of UC model group(P

Objective To study the method of extraction,purification,and analysis of total flavonoids of Radix Glycyrrhizae(TFG).Methods The extracting effects of three different ways(ultrasonic wave,heating recirculation,and maceration)for TFG were compared.TFG was refined with resin absorption and the effects of different parameters on yield and purity were observed.Naringin scanning method was used to analyze TFG.Results TFG extracting percentage is 5.46 %by ultrasonic wave method,6.12 %by heating recirculation,and 5.04 %by maceration,the effect of heating recirculation being the best.In the test of resin absorption of TFG,the heating recirculation composition is mainly located in 40 %～60 %ethanol elution parts.Conclusion The best method for extracting TFG is heating recirculation in above three methods,Elution with 80%ethanol continuously after water elution is the the optimal resin purification method for TFG.

Immuno-blot was used in diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica using diagnostic 31/32 KD proteins in S.japonicum Among 52 confirmed schistosemiasis cases 100% showed positive reaction while none of the sera of 20 normal control reacted. No cross reactions occured with sera from 36 paragonimiasis; 26 cysticercosis and 50 trichinelliasis cases. However, 11.5-58.3%cross reactions were found with above sera in IHA and ELISA. The diagnostic value of immuno-blot and 31/32 kD schistosome proteins were confirmed.A field application of immuno-blot in diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica was performed. The positive rates in immuno-blot and IHA were 58.1% and 54.4% respectively in 136 cohorts with and without past history of schistosomiasis in the endemic area. It was found that immuno-blot was highly sensitive, specific and reproducible.It was easy to perform and suitable for field use.