BACKGROUND:Tissue engineering has brought new hope to the clinical challenge of liver failure,and the preparation of plant-derived decellularized fiber scaffolds holds significant importance in liver tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To prepare apple tissue decellularized scaffold material by using fresh apple slices and a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate,and assess its biocompatibility. METHODS:Fresh apples were subjected to decellularization using phosphate buffer saline and sodium dodecyl sulfate solution,separately.Afterwards,the decellularized apple tissues and apple decellularized scaffold materials were decontaminated with phosphate buffer saline.Subsequently,scanning electron microscopy was used to assess the effectiveness of decellularization of the apple materials.Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from the inguinal fat BALB/C of mice,and their expression of stem cell-related markers(CD45,CD34,CD73,CD90,and CD105)was identified through flow cytometry.The cells were then divided into a scaffold-free control group and a scaffold group.Equal amounts of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto both groups.The biocompatibility of the decellularized scaffold with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells was evaluated using CCK-8 assay,hematoxylin-eosin staining,and phalloidine staining.Cell adhesion and growth on the scaffold were observed under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Furthermore,the scaffold was subdivided into the non-induced group and the hepatogenic-induced group.Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the decellularized apple scaffold,and they were cultured for 14 days in regular culture medium or hepatogenic induction medium for comparison.Immunofluorescent staining using liver cell markers,including albumin,cytokeratin 18,and CYP1A1,was performed.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the secretion of alpha fetoprotein and albumin.Additionally,scanning electron microscopy was employed to observe the morphology of the induced cells on the scaffold,verifying the expression of liver cell-related genes on the decellularized scaffold material.Finally,the cobalt-60 irradiated and sterilized decellularized apple scaffolds were transplanted onto the surface of mouse liver and the degradation of the scaffold was observed by gross observation and hematoxylin-eosin staining after 28 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the decellularized apple scaffold material retained a porous structure of approximately 100 μm in size,with no residual cells observed.(2)Through flow cytometry analysis,the cultured cells were identified as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.(3)CCK-8 assay results demonstrated that the prepared decellularized apple tissue scaffold material exhibited no cytotoxicity.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and phalloidine staining showed that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were capable of adhering and proliferating on the decellularized apple tissue scaffold.(4)The results obtained from immunofluorescence staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured on the decellularized apple scaffolds exhibited elevated expression of liver-specific proteins,including albumin,alpha-fetoprotein,cytokeratin 18,and CYP1A1.These results suggested that they were induced differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells possessing functional characteristics of liver cells.(5)The decellularized apple scaffold implanted at 7 days has integrated with the liver,with partial degradation of the scaffold observed.By 28 days,the decellularized apple scaffold has completely degraded and has been replaced by newly-formed tissue.(6)The results indicate that the decellularized scaffold material derived from apple tissue demonstrates favorable biocompatibility,promoting the proliferation,adhesion,and hepatic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective:To explore the effects of Sangqiao Qingfei Prescription combined with Western medicine conventional therapy with mechanical ventilation on lung function and airway inflammation in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) respiratory failure; To evaluate clinical efficacy.Methods:A randomized controlled trial study was conducted. Totally 90 AECOPD patients with respiratory failure in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the observation subjects. They were divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group received mechanical ventilation treatment, while the observation group received Sangqiao Qingfei Prescription on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. TCM syndrome scoring was performed before and after treatment, and the time of successful withdrawal from the machine was recorded; a blood gas analyzer was used to detect PaO 2, PaCO 2, blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2) and pH values; the plateau pressure (Pplat), peak airway pressure (Ppeak), airway resistance (Raw) and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were recorded during the ventilator; a pulmonary function meter was used to measure respiratory rate (RR), maximum expiratory flow (PEF), FVC, FEV1, and the percentage of FEV1 to the estimated value (FEV1% estimated value); serum CRP, TNF-α, and Procalcitonin (PCT) were detected using ELISA method. Clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:During the treatment period, there were no cases of detachment in both groups. The mechanical ventilation time in the observation group was (7.16 ± 0.69) d, while in the control group it was (9.88 ± 1.04) d, with statistical significance ( t=14.62, P<0.001); after treatment, the main symptom, secondary symptom scores, and total scores of the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( t values of 13.43, 18.53, 31.21, P<0.001); the PaO 2 [(79.16 ± 7.42) mmHg vs. (67.49 ± 6.88) mmHg, t=8.24], SaO 2 [(95.15 ± 9.93)% vs. (84.59 ± 9.48)%, t=5.16], and pH value (7.35 ± 0.23 vs. 7.26 ± 0.16, t=2.16) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01 or P<0.05), while PaCO 2 [(49.89 ± 3.65) mmHg vs. (62.39 ± 4.27) mmHg, t=14.93] was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.01); after treatment in the observation group, Pplat [(15.31 ± 2.51) cmH 2O vs. (17.53 ± 2.02) cmH 2O, t=4.62], Ppeak [(22.43 ± 3.16) cmH 2O vs. (25.78 ± 3.17) cmH 2O, t=5.02], Raw [(18.96 ± 3.86) cmH 2O/(S?L) vs. (24.29 ± 4.29) cmH 2O/(S?L), t=6.20] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01), Cdyn [(34.53 ± 3.35) cmH 2O/(S?L) vs. (30.27 ± 3.87) cmH 2O/(S?L), t=5.58] was higher than the control group ( P<0.01); the RR [(19.25 ± 2.43) times/min vs. (23.49 ± 3.07) times/min, t=7.26] in the observation group was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.01), PEF [(4.99 ± 0.40) L/s vs. (4.03 ± 0.34) L/s, t=12.27], FVC [(3.04 ± 0.20) L vs. (2.14 ± 0.22) L, t=20.31], FEV1 [(2.83 ± 0.20) L vs. (2.16 ± 0.13) L, t=18.84], FEV1% estimated value [(42.23 ± 4.66)% vs. (36.43 ± 5.09)%, t=5.64] were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01); serum CRP, IL-6, TNF-α and PCT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( t values were 18.13, 13.36, 15.97, 30.67, P<0.01). The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.33% (42/45), while that of the control group was 77.78% (35/45), with statistical significance ( χ2=4.41, P=0.036). Conclusion:The combination of Sangqiao Qingfei Prescription and conventional Western medicine treatment with mechanical ventilation can effectively improve lung ventilation function, reduce inflammatory cytokine levels, alleviate inflammatory reactions, and improve clinical efficacy in AECOPD patients with respiratory failure.

Objective The characteristics of supramolecular"imprinting template"of volatile oil of Curcuma kwangsiensis and Curcuma phaeocaulis were analyzed and studied based on the supramolecular"qixi"theory of Chinese materia medica combined with chemometrics.Methods The volatile oil of C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis were extracted by steam distillation,and the fingerprint and composition information of each batch were obtained by GC-MS.Total statistical moment method was used to compare the imprinting characteristics of the"imprinting template"of C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis.The core index(CI)of each batch of essential oil of C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis was calculated,and the topological characteristics of types of"imprinting template"of C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis were compared by chemometrics.Results There was no significant difference in the extraction rate of volatile oil between C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis.The average values of total zero order moment(AUCT)were(1.907±0.177)×108,(1.979±0.413)×108 μV·s,respectively,showing that there was no significant difference in the total content of volatile oil between the two groups.The mean values of the total first order moment(MCRTT)were(30.969±0.962)and(33.198±0.409)min.The average value of total second order moment(VCRTT)was(56.176±11.368)and(43.891±4.113)min2,respectively,indicating that there were significant differences in the content ratio and species of volatile oils between the two groups.The similarity of total statistical moments of C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis was mostly lower than the defined value,indicating that the chemical composition and composition ratio of the volatile oil were different.Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis could obviously divide C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis into two categories.Through the analysis of P value and VIP value,the CI values of Xvp 4th order,Xvpc 5th order,Xvpc 6th order,Xvpc 7th order,Xvc 3rd order,Xvpc 4th order were the main difference values of C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis.Conclusion Through the characterization of"imprinting property"and"topological characteristics"of the supramolecular"imprinting template"and combining with chemometric analysis,it is possible to successfully distinguish C.kwangsiensis and C.phaeocaulis,and find the different CI values between two"imprinting templates".

Background: SM-like (LSM) genes a family of RNA-binding proteins, are involved in mRNA regulation and can function as oncogenes by altering mRNA stability. However, their roles in B-cell progression and tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles and overall survival data of 123 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The LSM index was developed to assess its potential as a prognostic marker of MCL survival. Results: Five of the eight LSM genes were identified as potential prognostic markers for survival in MCL, with particular emphasis on the LSM.index. The expression levels of these LSM genes demonstrated their potential utility as classifiers of MCL. The LSM.index-high group exhibited both poorer survival rates and lower RNA levels than did the overall transcript profile. Notably, LSM1 and LSM8 were overexpressed in the LSM.index-high group, with LSM1 showing 2.5-fold increase (p < 0.001) and LSM8 depicting 1.8-fold increase (p < 0.01) than those in the LSM.index-low group.Furthermore, elevated LSM gene expression was associated with increased cell division and RNA splicing pathway activity. Conclusions The LSM.index demonstrates potential as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with MCL. Elevated expression of LSM genes, particularly LSM1 and LSM8, may be linked to poor survival outcomes through their involvement in cell division and RNA splicing pathways. These findings suggest that LSM genes may contribute to the aggressive behavior of MCL and represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

Background: SM-like (LSM) genes a family of RNA-binding proteins, are involved in mRNA regulation and can function as oncogenes by altering mRNA stability. However, their roles in B-cell progression and tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles and overall survival data of 123 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The LSM index was developed to assess its potential as a prognostic marker of MCL survival. Results: Five of the eight LSM genes were identified as potential prognostic markers for survival in MCL, with particular emphasis on the LSM.index. The expression levels of these LSM genes demonstrated their potential utility as classifiers of MCL. The LSM.index-high group exhibited both poorer survival rates and lower RNA levels than did the overall transcript profile. Notably, LSM1 and LSM8 were overexpressed in the LSM.index-high group, with LSM1 showing 2.5-fold increase (p < 0.001) and LSM8 depicting 1.8-fold increase (p < 0.01) than those in the LSM.index-low group.Furthermore, elevated LSM gene expression was associated with increased cell division and RNA splicing pathway activity. Conclusions The LSM.index demonstrates potential as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with MCL. Elevated expression of LSM genes, particularly LSM1 and LSM8, may be linked to poor survival outcomes through their involvement in cell division and RNA splicing pathways. These findings suggest that LSM genes may contribute to the aggressive behavior of MCL and represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

Background: SM-like (LSM) genes a family of RNA-binding proteins, are involved in mRNA regulation and can function as oncogenes by altering mRNA stability. However, their roles in B-cell progression and tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles and overall survival data of 123 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The LSM index was developed to assess its potential as a prognostic marker of MCL survival. Results: Five of the eight LSM genes were identified as potential prognostic markers for survival in MCL, with particular emphasis on the LSM.index. The expression levels of these LSM genes demonstrated their potential utility as classifiers of MCL. The LSM.index-high group exhibited both poorer survival rates and lower RNA levels than did the overall transcript profile. Notably, LSM1 and LSM8 were overexpressed in the LSM.index-high group, with LSM1 showing 2.5-fold increase (p < 0.001) and LSM8 depicting 1.8-fold increase (p < 0.01) than those in the LSM.index-low group.Furthermore, elevated LSM gene expression was associated with increased cell division and RNA splicing pathway activity. Conclusions The LSM.index demonstrates potential as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with MCL. Elevated expression of LSM genes, particularly LSM1 and LSM8, may be linked to poor survival outcomes through their involvement in cell division and RNA splicing pathways. These findings suggest that LSM genes may contribute to the aggressive behavior of MCL and represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.

The gut microbiome shows changes under a plateau environment, while the disbalance of intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the relationship between the two remains unexplored. In this work, we followed up a healthy cohort for up to a year before and after living in a plateau environment and performed 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing analysis of their fecal samples. Through evaluating the participants' clinical symptoms, combined with an IBS questionnaire, we screened the IBS sub-population in our cohort. The sequencing results showed that a high-altitude environment could lead to changes in the diversity and composition of gut flora. In addition, we found that the longer the time volunteers spent in the plateau environment, the more similar their gut microbiota composition and abundance became compared to those before entering the plateau, and IBS symptoms were significantly alleviated. Therefore, we speculated that the plateau may be a special environment that induces IBS. The taxonomic units g_Alistipes, g_Oscillospira, and s_Ruminococcus_torques, which had been proved to play important roles in IBS pathogenesis, were also abundant in the IBS cohort at high altitudes. Overall, the disbalance of gut microbiota induced by the plateau environment contributed to the high frequency of IBS and the psychosocial abnormalities associated with IBS. Our results prompt further research to elucidate the relevant mechanism.

Objective:This study was to establish a rat model of controlled motor cortex impact injury(CCI).Methods:SD rat CCI model was prepared by electromagnetic shock method.A neurologic severity score(NSS)was employed to evaluate the status of the rat after injury.The changes of neuron-specific enolase(NSE)in serum were detected by ELISA.The sensomotor function was detected by sticker removal test,and the fine motor function was de-tected by food pellets grasping test.Results:The serum NSE level of rats increased 1 h after CCI trauma,and reached the highest level 6 h after CCI trauma.The sensomotor function and fine motor function of CCI model rats were signifi-cantly impaired.Conclusion:The CCI model of rat motor cortex was successfully established,and the rats showed obvious motor dysfunction.

Objective:To explore the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of fibro-adipose vascular anomaly(FAVA).Methods:The data of the patients with FAVA admitted to Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital between October 2019 and February 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were routinely performed. X-ray and CT were performed for patients with unequal length of lower limbs, lesions involving joints, and obvious joint deformities. The treatment plan was made according to the stage: stage Ⅰ (pain stage), open or laparoscopi radical resection of the lesion was performed; stage Ⅱ (contracture stage), radical surgery was performed to remove the lesion, sometimes combined with Achilles tendon lengthening or tenolysis, and rehabilitation training was performed 2 weeks after surgery; stage Ⅲ(deformity stage), comprehensive treatment based on surgical resection was adopted, combined with joint capsule release, Achilles tendon lengthening or dissection, tendon transfer and oral sirolimus (each time 0.08 mg/m 2, twice daily ) before and after the operation. For patients with lesions involving multiple anatomical regions, staged surgery was performed, and in principle, only one anatomical region was operated per time. Patients were followed up for pain, joint activity and recurrence. Results:A total of 42 patients were admitted, including 18 males and 24 females. The onset age was (7.3±5.0) years, but the average age of diagnosis was (12.5±6.0) years. The lower limbs were involved in 38 cases, the upper limbs in 4 cases. There were 17 cases of stage Ⅰ, 17 cases of stage Ⅱ and 8 cases of stage Ⅲ. Only 4 cases had no misdiagnosis experience, and the misdiagnosis rate was 90.5%(38/42). Persistent pain, muscle contractures and joint deformities were the main clinical symptoms of the disease. MRI showed heterogeneous high and low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, and the high signal intensity was the same as that of subcutaneous adipose tissue. T2 fat-suppressed sequences showed stronger heterogeneous hyperintensity. The follow-up time was (14.6±10.8) months. Patients who took sirolimus orally before or after surgery experienced significant relief of pain symptoms. Of the 42 patients, the symptoms of 31 patients were completely relieved after the operation, and 11 patients still had residual pain or joint movement disorder or even deformity after the operation. Sixteen of 17 stage Ⅰ patients were cured, the lesion was further expanded and the pain recurred in 1 case after the operation. Of the 17 stage Ⅱ patients, 15 were cured, and 2 had mild limitation of ankle movement after the operation. Eight stage Ⅲ patients had varying degrees of pain or joint movement disorder after surgery, postoperative oral sirolimus significantly relieved symptoms. All 10 patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ who underwent endoscopic resection were cured.Conclusion:FAVA usually occurred in school-age and adolescent children. Pain, muscle contracture and joint deformity were the characteristic clinical features. Combined with MRI features, the diagnosis can be confirmed. FAVA staging system could guide treatment and predict prognosis. For stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients, surgery should be performed as soon as possible and the prognosis was good. For stage Ⅲ patients, surgery-based comprehensive treatment could improve symptoms, but it was difficult to cure them radically. Oral sirolimus was also required after surgery.

Objective:To explore the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of fibro-adipose vascular anomaly(FAVA).Methods:The data of the patients with FAVA admitted to Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital between October 2019 and February 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were routinely performed. X-ray and CT were performed for patients with unequal length of lower limbs, lesions involving joints, and obvious joint deformities. The treatment plan was made according to the stage: stage Ⅰ (pain stage), open or laparoscopi radical resection of the lesion was performed; stage Ⅱ (contracture stage), radical surgery was performed to remove the lesion, sometimes combined with Achilles tendon lengthening or tenolysis, and rehabilitation training was performed 2 weeks after surgery; stage Ⅲ(deformity stage), comprehensive treatment based on surgical resection was adopted, combined with joint capsule release, Achilles tendon lengthening or dissection, tendon transfer and oral sirolimus (each time 0.08 mg/m 2, twice daily ) before and after the operation. For patients with lesions involving multiple anatomical regions, staged surgery was performed, and in principle, only one anatomical region was operated per time. Patients were followed up for pain, joint activity and recurrence. Results:A total of 42 patients were admitted, including 18 males and 24 females. The onset age was (7.3±5.0) years, but the average age of diagnosis was (12.5±6.0) years. The lower limbs were involved in 38 cases, the upper limbs in 4 cases. There were 17 cases of stage Ⅰ, 17 cases of stage Ⅱ and 8 cases of stage Ⅲ. Only 4 cases had no misdiagnosis experience, and the misdiagnosis rate was 90.5%(38/42). Persistent pain, muscle contractures and joint deformities were the main clinical symptoms of the disease. MRI showed heterogeneous high and low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, and the high signal intensity was the same as that of subcutaneous adipose tissue. T2 fat-suppressed sequences showed stronger heterogeneous hyperintensity. The follow-up time was (14.6±10.8) months. Patients who took sirolimus orally before or after surgery experienced significant relief of pain symptoms. Of the 42 patients, the symptoms of 31 patients were completely relieved after the operation, and 11 patients still had residual pain or joint movement disorder or even deformity after the operation. Sixteen of 17 stage Ⅰ patients were cured, the lesion was further expanded and the pain recurred in 1 case after the operation. Of the 17 stage Ⅱ patients, 15 were cured, and 2 had mild limitation of ankle movement after the operation. Eight stage Ⅲ patients had varying degrees of pain or joint movement disorder after surgery, postoperative oral sirolimus significantly relieved symptoms. All 10 patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ who underwent endoscopic resection were cured.Conclusion:FAVA usually occurred in school-age and adolescent children. Pain, muscle contracture and joint deformity were the characteristic clinical features. Combined with MRI features, the diagnosis can be confirmed. FAVA staging system could guide treatment and predict prognosis. For stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients, surgery should be performed as soon as possible and the prognosis was good. For stage Ⅲ patients, surgery-based comprehensive treatment could improve symptoms, but it was difficult to cure them radically. Oral sirolimus was also required after surgery.