AIM To study the flavonoids from the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl.and their antioxidant activities.METHODS The 95％ethanol extraction from the leaves of C.camphora was isolated and purified by liquid-liquid extraction,macroporous adsorption resin chromatography,HW-40C gel column chromatography,molecular exclusion chromatography and preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method.RESULT Ten flavonoids were isolated and identified as(2R,3S)-7-methoxy-5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-afzelechin(1),quercetin-3-O-sambubioside(2),quercetin-3-O-β-D-apiosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside(3),quercetin-3-O-robibioside(4),kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside-7-O-β-D-glucoside(5),kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside-7-O-β-D-glucoside(6),5,3'-di-O-methyl-epicatechin(7)、cinchonain Ⅱb(8)、quercetin-3,4'-di-O-β-D-glucoside(9)、(-)-epicatechin(10).The IC50 value of compound 8 scavenging DPPH free radical was 4.8 μg/mL.CONCLUSION Compound 1 is a new compound,and compound 2-6 are obtained from Cinnamomum genus for the first time,compound 7-9 are first isolated from this plant.Compound 8 shows good antioxidant activities..

Objective: To analyzed perioperative safety of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for patients with colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis (CRPM) and to construct a predictive model for serious advese events (SAE). Methods: A descriptive case-series study was conducted to retrospectively collect the clinicopathological data and treatment status (operation time, number of organ resection, number of peritoneal resection, and blood loss, etc.) of 100 patients with peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer or appendix mucinous adenocarcinoma who underwent CRS at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2019 to August 2021. There were 53 males and 47 females. The median age was 52.0 (39.0-61.8) years old. Fifty-two patients had synchronous peritoneal metastasis and 48 had metachronous peritoneal metastasis. Fifty-two patients received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy. Primary tumor was located in the left colon, the right colon and the rectum in 43, 28 and 14 cases, respectively. Fifteen patients had appendix mucinous adenocarcinoma. Measures of skewed distribution are expressed as M (range). Perioperative safety was analyzed, perioperative grade III or higher was defined as SAE. Risk factors associated with the occurrence of SAEs were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram was plotted by R software to predict SAE, the efficacy of which was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and correction curves. Results: The median peritoneal cancer index (PCI) score was 16 (1-39). Sixty-eight (68.0%) patients achieved complete tumor reduction (tumor reduction score: 0-1). Sixty-two patients were treated with intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy (HIPEC). Twenty-one (21.0%) patients developed 37 SAEs of grade III-IV, including 2 cases of ureteral injury, 6 cases of perioperative massive hemorrhage or anemia, 7 cases of digestive system, 15 cases of respiratory system, 4 cases of cardiovascular system, 1 case of skin incision dehiscence, and 2 cases of abdominal infection. No grade V SAE was found. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CEA (OR: 8.980, 95%CI: 1.428-56.457, P=0.019), PCI score (OR: 7.924, 95%CI: 1.486-42.259, P=0.015), intraoperative albumin infusion (OR: 48.959, 95%CI: 2.115-1133.289, P=0.015) and total volume of infusion (OR: 24.729, 95%CI: 3.956-154.562, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for perioperative SAE in CRS (all P<0.05). Based on the result of multivariate regression models, a predictive nomogram was constructed. Internal verification showed that the AUC of the nomogram was 0.926 (95%CI: 0.872-0.980), indicating good prediction accuracy and consistency. Conclusions: CRS is a safe and effective method to treat CRPM. Strict screening of patients and perioperative fluid management are important guarantees for reducing the morbidity of SAE.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/therapy* ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Appendiceal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures/methods* ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced/methods* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/secondary* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

Interactions among the nervous, the endocrine and the immune systems enable the gut to respond to the dietary products, pathogens and microbiota, which maintains the homeostasis of the body. However, dysbiosis may induce or aggravate the gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-GI diseases through changing the activities of enteric nervous system (ENS), enteroendocrine cells and enteric immune cells. Here we review recent advances in the understandings on how intestinal flora may impact the enteric neuro-endocrine-immune system in the gut, thereby contributing to the regulation of pathophysiological processes.
Enteric Nervous System ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Immune System

Objective To systemically evaluate the different on the incidence of cardiovascular events of platelet aggregation inhibitors ticagrelor and clopidogrel for acute coronary syndrome (ACS),so provide cardiovascular event reference for the selection ofACS platelet inhibitors.Methods Articles were collected according to the inclusion criteria from the database CNKI,Chongqing VIP,Taylor & Francis Open Access Journals,Wanfang,Cochrane Library,SinoMed,EMbase and PubMed from Jan.2000 to May 2017.Review Manager 5.3 was used for data analysis to get the odds ratio (OR) as final effect value.Publication bias of the literatures and the sensitivity of the study were also analyzed with the software.Results A total of 12 articles involving 86 849 patients were included,i.e.,8 random controlled trials,2 case control studies and 2 cohort studies.Quality assessment with Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews shows that,most studies gave low risks in 7 bias aspects.Jadad score assessment was employed in 8 random controlled trials,with 4 studies getting 3 points,3 getting 4 points and 1 getting 5 points,implying the significant quality of the included studies.Meta-analysis showed that compared with clopidogrel,significantly lower cardiovascular mortality (OR=0.80,95％CI:0.72-0.89,P＜0.01) and incidence of myocardial infarction (OR=0.78,95％CI:0.61-0.99,P＜0.05)were with ticagrelor.Conclusion Compared to clopidogrel,ticagrelor may lead to lower cardiovascular mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction in treatment of ACS.

Objective:To explore the lipid metabolic characteristics of functionally exhausted CD8+T cells in tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:By using flow cytometry analysis and real-time PCR to detect the functions and lipid metabolism-related proteins and genes expression of CD8+T cells in HCC and peri-tumor tissues,then the relationship between function and lipid metabolism was analyzed.Objective:The infiltrated CD8+T cells in HCC have the following characteristics: functional exhaustion(decreased interferon-γ secretion and up regulated programmed death molecule-1 expression);down regulated expression of multiple fatty acid synthases,and the decreased content of intracellular fatty acids;impaired mitochondrial structure and function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Fatty acid metabolism abnormalities are the characteristics of exhausted CD8+T cell infiltrated in HCC.

Objective The objective of this study was to explore the difference factors for PHC patients by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of different age groups of senior people in China and support reference for individualized intervention by clinical medical workers.Methods 153 cases of PHC patients by TACE were selected by convenience sampling method from October 2013 to June 2014.The data were collected using general data questionnaire,Health Promotion Strategy Scale,QOL-LC,Memorial Symptom Assessment Scales and Social Support Scale to evaluate the physical,psychological and social aspects of the PHC patients.We divided the patients into young,middle-aged and elderly groups.Single factor and multiple factors regression analysis were used to compare the status and influencing factors.Results Psychological function,value of blood AFP,marital status entered the model and were self-care efficacy and correlated factors of young-aged patients,which could explain 50.6％ of the total varience.Physical symptoms,exploitation degree of support and intervention treatment times entered the model and were self-care efficacy and correlated factors of middle-aged patients,which could explain 47.8％ of the total varience.Symptom distress,degree of cuhural and psychological function entered the model and were self-care efficacy and correlated factors of elderly-aged patients,which could explain 42.4％ of the total varience.Conclusions The self-care efficacy were low in all ages of PHC patients by TACE,it is associated with a variety of factors.Doctors and nurses should pay more attention to the self-care efficacy for PHC patients by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with different age groups.Also we should evaluate and make well-targeted policies and personalized inter-ventions to promote self-management self-efficacy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the regulatory effects of Shenfu Injection (SFI, ) on hemodynamic parameters and serum proteins in rats with post-infarction chronic heart failure (CHF).

METHODSForty-five healthy Wistar rats were randomized into three groups: sham, heart failure (model) and SFI group. The CHF was induced by left coronary artery ligation. Seven days after the surgical operation, animals in the sham group and the model group received saline (6.2 mL/kg/d), while animals in the SFI group received SFI (6.2 mL/kg d) intraperitoneally. Four weeks later, cardiac hemodynamic parameters were measured via the carotid route. The expression of serum proteins was analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS).

RESULTSRecording of hemodynamic parameters showed that left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximum rate of left ventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax) rise, and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure (-dp/dtmax) decrease, while the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) rose in the model group compared to those in the sham group (P <0.05). The results of the MALDI-TOF MS indicated that haptoglobin (HP), pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and alpha-1-antitrypsin were up-regulated, while serum albumin and 40S ribosomal protein were down-regulated in the model group (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, LVSP, +dp/dtmax and -dp/dtmax were higher, while LVEDP was lower in the SFI group (P<0.05). Expression levels of HP and PTX3 were lower than in the model group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFI could improve hemodynamic function and decrease inflammatory reactions in the pathophysiology of CHF. The serum proteins HP and PTX3 could be potential biomarkers for chronic ischemic heart failure, and they could also be the serum protein targets of SFI.

Animals ; Blood Proteins ; metabolism ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Haptoglobins ; metabolism ; Heart Failure ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Heart Function Tests ; Hemodynamics ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Inflammation ; complications ; drug therapy ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Phytotherapy ; Proteome ; metabolism ; Rats, Wistar ; Serum Amyloid P-Component ; metabolism ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

OBJECTIVETo determine the mechanisms underlying the anti-depressant effects of Kaixin Jieyu Decoction (, KJD) by investigating the effects of KJD on behavior, monoamine neurotransmitter levels, and serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype expression in the brain in a rat model of depression.

METHODSThe rat depression model was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, depression model (CUMS), CUMS+KJD (7.7 g/kg(-1)·d(-1) of crude drug), and CUMS+fluoxetine (2.4 mg/kg(-1)·d(-1)) groups (n=12 in each group), and the treatments lasted for 21 days. We regularly evaluated body weight, sucrose consumption, and horizontal and vertical activity scores in open-field tests. The content of the monoamine neurotransmitters 5-HT, norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) and the DA metabolite homovanillic acid in the cerebral cortex, and 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor mRNA in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus, were determined respectively by high-performance liquid chromatography-coularray electrochemical detector and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, CUMS rats showed a variety of depression-like behavioral changes, including a significant reduction in body weight, sucrose consumption, and horizontal and vertical activity scores in open-field tests (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and a significant decrease in 5-HT and NE levels and 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression. In contrast, they showed a significant increase in 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression in the cerebral cortex. In the hippocampus, 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression was lower whereas 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression was higher than in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Treatment with KJD or fluoxetine partially attenuated these changes (P<0.05 or P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONKJD could normalize the levels of 5-HT and NE and adjust the balance of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor expression in rat cerebrum, and this may be one of mechanisms of antidepressant effects of KJD.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Biogenic Monoamines ; metabolism ; Depression ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Serotonin ; classification ; metabolism

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) represents the most common intramural mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, but the synchronous occurrence of GIST in the stomach and gynecological cancer is rare. We present a unique case of a 56-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with the synchronous development of GIST and an isolated parenchymal splenic metastasis of ovarian cancer. She underwent a wide local excision of gastric lesions with splenectomy. A morphological (histological and immunohistochemical) study established a spindle-cell type of gastrointestinal tumor that expressed CD117, and a parenchymal recurrence of ovarian papillary serous adenocarcinoma. The patient has remained alive and disease-free for 30 months since the last operation. A small GIST concomitant with an isolated parenchymal splenic metastasis of ovarian cancer is rarely encountered. The coexistence of GIST with other malignancies constitutes an intriguing oncologic model. Surgeons are advised to be alert against possible primary GIST accompanying other neoplasms.
Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; complications ; Radiography ; Splenic Neoplasms ; secondary

ObjectiveTo investigate the development trend of drinking water type of endemic fluorosis in Qinghai province, and to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of the disease. MethodsIn 2009, six monitoring counties were chosen by using simple random sampling methods, all diseased villages of the six monitoring counties were classified into light, moderate and severe disease types according to water fluorine content on the historical data, and 1 village was respectively chosen from each type. In monitoring villages with improved water, 3 tap water and one source water samples were collected, respectively. Five water samples were collected randomly in water unimproved monitoring villages according to water well locations of east, west, south, north and center. The fluorine content in water and urine was determined according to the Standard Testing Methods for Drinking Water (GB/T 5750-2006). Children aged 8 to 12 were examined for dental fluorosis by Dean method.Clinical osteofluorosis of all the resident over the age of 16 was examined, 2 village of these counties were randomly selected, and clinically diagnosed patients with skeletal fluorosis were examined again by X-ray using Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis (WS 192-2008). Urine sample of 30 children aged 8 to 12 and of 20 adults over the age of 16 were randomly collected and urinary fluoride was determined by F-ion selective electrode method (WS/T 89-2006). ResultsImproving water projects had been implemented in 14 monitoring villages of the 18 villages in 6 counties, the rate of improved-water was 77.78％(14/18). Among the 14 projects, 5 improved-water projects ran normally, and 9 projects ran with intermittently water supply. Seventy-five water samples were tested, themean of water fluoride was 0.48 mg/L. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 31.95％ (285/892), that of clinical skeletal fluorosis was 36.55％(1570/4295) and the X-ray detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 25.64％ (20/78).Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples of children were determined, and geometric mean of urinary fluorine was 1.04 mg/L; 370 adult urine samples were determined, and geometric mean of urinary fluorine was 1.52 mg/L Conclusion Epidemic of drinking water type of endemic fluorosis is still serious in Qinghai province, and drinking water defluoride measures should be further strengthened and improved.