With the completion of the "Human Genome Project" and the smooth progress of the "Herbal Genome Project", the research wave of RNAomics is gradually advancing, opening the research gateway for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and initiating the post-genome era of medicinal plant RNA research. Therefore, this article proposes for the first time the concept of HerbRNomes, which involves constructing databases of medicinal plant, medicinal fungus, and medicinal animal RNA at different stages, from different origins, and in different organs. This research aims to explore the role of HerbRNA in self-genetic information transmission, functional regulation, as well as cross-species regulation functional mechanisms and key technologies. It also investigates application scenarios, providing a theoretical basis and research ideas for the resistance of TCM or medicinal plants to adversity and stress, molecular assistant breeding, and the development of small nucleic acid drugs. This article reviews recent research progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the transmission and expression of genetic information, self-regulation and cross-species regulation of herbs at the RNA level, along with key technologies. It proposes a development strategy for small nucleic acid drugs based on HerbRNomes, providing theoretical support and guidance for the modernization of TCM based on HerbRNomes research.

With the increasing proportion of human papilloma virus(HPV)infection in the pathogenic factors of oro-pharyngeal cancer,a series of changes have occurred in the surgical treatment.While the treatment mode has been im-proved,there are still many problems,including the inconsistency between diagnosis and treatment modes,the lack of popularization of reconstruction technology,the imperfect post-treatment rehabilitation system,and the lack of effective preventive measures.Especially in terms of treatment mode for early oropharyngeal cancer,there is no unified conclu-sion whether it is surgery alone or radiotherapy alone,and whether robotic minimally invasive surgery has better func-tional protection than radiotherapy.For advanced oropharyngeal cancer,there is greater controversy over the treatment mode.It is still unclear whether to adopt a non-surgical treatment mode of synchronous chemoradiotherapy or induction chemotherapy combined with synchronous chemoradiotherapy,or a treatment mode of surgery combined with postopera-tive chemoradiotherapy.In order to standardize the surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer in China and clarify the indications for surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer,this expert consensus,based on the characteristics and treat-ment status of oropharyngeal cancer in China and combined with the international latest theories and practices,forms consensus opinions in multiple aspects of preoperative evaluation,surgical indication determination,primary tumor re-section,neck lymph node dissection,postoperative defect repair,postoperative complication management prognosis and follow-up of oropharyngeal cancer patients.The key points include:① Before the treatment of oropharyngeal cancer,the expression of P16 protein should be detected to clarify HPV status;② Perform enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the maxillofacial region before surgery to evaluate the invasion of oropharyngeal cancer and guide precise surgical resec-tion of oropharyngeal cancer.Evaluating mouth opening and airway status is crucial for surgical approach decisions and postoperative risk prediction;③ For oropharyngeal cancer patients who have to undergo major surgery and cannot eat for one to two months,it is recommended to undergo percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy before surgery to effectively improve their nutritional intake during treatment;④ Early-stage oropharyngeal cancer patients may opt for either sur-gery alone or radiation therapy alone.For intermediate and advanced stages,HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer general-ly prioritizes radiation therapy,with concurrent chemotherapy considered based on tumor staging.Surgical treatment is recommended as the first choice for HPV unrelated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(including primary and re-current)and recurrent HPV related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy and chemotherapy;⑤ For primary exogenous T1-2 oropharyngeal cancer,direct surgery through the oral approach or da Vinci robotic sur-gery is preferred.For T3-4 patients with advanced oropharyngeal cancer,it is recommended to use temporary mandibu-lectomy approach and lateral pharyngotomy approach for surgery as appropriate;⑥ For cT1-2N0 oropharyngeal cancer patients with tumor invasion depth＞3 mm and cT3-4N0 HPV unrelated oropharyngeal cancer patients,selective neck dissection of levels ⅠB to Ⅳ is recommended.For cN+HPV unrelated oropharyngeal cancer patients,therapeutic neck dissection in regions Ⅰ-Ⅴ is advised;⑦ If PET-CT scan at 12 or more weeks after completion of radiation shows intense FDG uptake in any node,or imaging suggests continuous enlargement of lymph nodes,the patient should undergo neck dissection;⑧ For patients with suspected extracapsular invasion preoperatively,lymph node dissection should include removal of surrounding muscle and adipose connective tissue;⑨ The reconstruction of oropharyngeal cancer defects should follow the principle of reconstruction steps,with priority given to adjacent flaps,followed by distal pedicled flaps,and finally free flaps.The anterolateral thigh flap with abundant tissue can be used as the preferred flap for large-scale postoperative defects.

AIM To evaluate the quality of Beidougen Formula Granules.METHODS Fifteen batches of standard decoctions and three batches of formula granules were prepared,after which paste rate and contents,transfer rates of magnoflorine,daurisoline,dauricine were determined.HPLC specific chromatograms were established,and cluster analysis was adopted in chemical pattern recognition.RESULTS For three batches of formula granules,the paste rates were 15.1%-16.6%,the contents of magnoflorine,daurisoline,dauricine were 18.93-19.39,9.42-9.60,6.79-6.85 mg/g with the transfer rates of 34.42%-35.25%,43.81%-44.65%,27.27%-27.51%from decoction pieces to formula granules,respectively,and there were seven characteristic peaks in the specific chromatograms with the similarities of more than 0.95,which demonstrated good consistence with those of standard decoctions and accorded with related limit requirements.Fifteen batches of standard decoctions were clustered into two types,and the medicinal materials produced from Jilin,Hebei,Shangdong could be used for the preparation of formula granules.CONCLUSION This reasonable and reliable method can provide references for the quality control and clinical application of Beidougen Formula Granules.

Objective:To establish auto verification rules for the routine coagulation assays,and to provide reference for clinical laboratories to improve the quality and efficiency of results verification.Methods:A total of 24,510 specimens of sodium citrate anticoagulation routine coagulation test from the laboratory departments of eight hospitals including the First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital during January to March 2020 were collected and randomly divided into a rule establishment group and a rule verification group,with 6,670 specimens in the rule establishment group,including 2,056 Delta checks,and 17,840 specimens in the rule validation group,including 3,210 Delta checks.The activities of prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),fibrinogen(Fib),thrombin time(TT),D-dimer(DD)and/or antithrombin(AT)were detected by Stago STA R Max automatic coagulation analyzer and supporting reagents.Taking the manual verification results as the standard,the auto verification and manual false negative rate(invalid verification),false positive rate(invalid interception),pass rate,positive coincidence rate,negative coincidence rate,verification consistency rate and specimen turnaround time(TAT)of the two groups were calculated.Results:The auto verification rules and the application process were preliminarily established,including internal quality control,alarm information,auto verification scope,critical value and deviation value inspection.In the rule establishment group,the single item pass rate was 82.6%-92.4%,and the overall pass rate was 73.8%.The consistency rate between auto verification and manual verification was 98.2%,and the positive coincidence rate and negative coincidence rate were 24.4%and 73.8%,respectively.In the rule verification group,the single item pass rate was 86.4%-91.5%,and the overall review pass rate was 71.5%.By simulating the application of auto verification rules,the average TAT of two hospitals among the eight hospitals was shortened by 1.5 hours and 2.1 hours,respectively.Conclusion:The application of auto verification rules can reduce workload of manual verification,and significantly shorten the TAT,and improve the report efficiency of the laboratory.

Objective To develop a method for determination of levetiracetam in human serum by LC-MS/MS,and it was applied to therapeutic drug monitoring in epilepsy patients.Methods Using levetiracetam-D6 as internal standard,the serum samples were tested after protein precipitation.The Kinetex XB-C18(50.0 mm x3.0 mm,2.6 μm)was used,the mobile phase consisted of methanol:0.01％formic acid water solution,gradient elution,the flow rate was 0.4 mL·min-1,and the column temperature was 40 ℃.The injection volume was 1 μL.Electron Spray Ionization source was applied and operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode.The quantitative analysis transitions were m/z 171.1→154.2(levetiracetam)and m/z 177.1→160.1(levetiracetam-D6).The specificity,lower limit of quantitation,linearity,precision,accuracy and stability were investigated.The method was applied to 82 cases of epilepsy patients for therapeutic drug monitoring.Results The calibration curve was y=0.573 7x+0.125 0(r=0.999 6),linear was within the range of 1-100 μg·mL-1 for levetiracetam in human serum.The relative standard deviation(RSD)of intra and inter precision were less than 3％.The recovery were between 93.67％-97.61％.The range of serum concentration of levetiracetam in 82 epilepsy patients was 1.14-22.07 μg·mL-1.Conclusions The method for determining levetiracetam concentration is simple,fast,sensitive,specific and accurate,which can be used for the therapeutic drug monitoring in epilepsy patients.

Objective To analyze the risk factors and survival status of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection in pa-tients with aplastic anemia(AA)after haploid allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(Haplo-HSCT).Methods Clinical data of 78 AA patients who underwent Haplo-HSCT in the hematology department of a hospital from January 1,2019 to October 31,2022 were analyzed retrospectively.The occurrence and onset time of EBV viremia,EBV-related diseases(EBV diseases),and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders(PTLD)were ob-served,risk factors and survival status were analyzed.Results Among the 78 patients,38 were males and 40 were females,with a median age of 33(9-56)years old;53 patients experienced EBV reactivation,with a total inci-dence of 67.9％,and the median time for EBV reactivation was 33(13,416)days after transplantation.Among pa-tients with EBV reactivation,49 cases(62.8％)were simple EBV viremia,2 cases(2.6％)were possible EBV di-seases,and 2 cases(2.6％)were already confirmed EBV diseases(PTLD).Univariate analysis showed that age 1＜40 years old at the time of transplantation,umbilical cord blood infusion,occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD)after transplantation,and concurrent cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection were independent risk fac-tors for EBV reactivation in AA patients after Haplo-HSCT.Multivariate analysis showed that concurrent CMV in-fection was an independent risk factor for EBV reactivation in A A patients after Haplo-HSCT(P=0.048).Ritu-ximab intervention before stem cell reinfusion was a factor affecting the duration of EBV reactivation(P＜0.05).The mortality of EBV viremia,EBV diseases,and PTLD alone were 8.2％,50.0％,and 100％,respectively.The 2-year overall survival rate of patients with and without EBV reactivation were 85.3％,and 90.7％,respectively,difference was not statistically significant(P=0.897).However,patients treated with rituximab had 2-year lower survival rate than those who did not use it,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.046).Conclusion EBV reactivation is one of the serious complications in AA patients after Haplo-HSCT,which affects the prognosis and survival of patients.

Objective:To construct an evaluation index system for the core competence of infection control link nurses.Methods:With the core competence theory as the guiding framework, the literature research method, and the expert meeting method preliminarily drew up the index item pool. After two rounds of expert consultation, the evaluation index of the core competence of infection control link nurses was determined.Results:Two rounds of expert inquiry were conducted, with 23 and 22 questionnaires distributed, respectively. A total of 22 and 20 valid questionnaires were collected, with effective response rates of 95.65% and 90.91%, respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.92 and 0.91, respectively. Kendall's harmony coefficients for the overall indicator importance and operability evaluation in the second round of expert inquiry were 0.191 and 0.230, respectively (both P<0.01). Finally, the evaluation index system of infection control link nurses consisted of five primary indexes and 43 secondary indexes. Conclusions:The evaluation index system for core competence of infection control link nurses constructed in this study is scientific, reliable, and practical, which can provide a reference for the training and evaluation of infection control link nurses.

Objective: To summarize the pathological diagnosis, clinical features, treatment methods and outcomes of pediatric-type follicular lymphoma (PTFL). Methods: Clinical data including the pathology, clinical features, treatment methods, and follow-up results of 9 PTFL patients admitted to Henan Cancer Hospital from February 2017 to February 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The age of onset in 9 children was 6 to 18 years, all the patients were males. The clinical manifestation was local painless lymph node enlargement in the head and neck, with a stage of Ⅰ-Ⅱ. The histomorphological characteristics of PTFL were similar to those of classic follicular lymphoma (FL). The germinal center of most follicles were enlarged, the mantle zone disappeared, centroblasts were easily visible, and the histological grade were mostly grade Ⅲ, which may be accompanied by the "starry sky" phenomenon. Monoclonal peaks can be seen in B cell clonal rearrangements (BCR). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed CD20 positive, CD10 positive, Bcl-6 positive, Bcl-2 negative, C-myc negative, and Ki-67 was 70%-95%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test was negative for t (14, 18), Bcl-2 translocation, and C-myc translocation. Six cases underwent surgical resection, and 3 cases underwent surgical resection combined with chemotherapy. Up to February 2023, with a follow-up time of 45 to 72 months, all children survived without any recurrence and were in a complete remission state. Conclusions: PTFL is mainly characterized by adolescent male onset, with early clinical manifestations and pathological manifestations of high-level histological status, high proliferation index, and lack of t (14; 18)/Bcl-2 translocation and Bcl-2 expression. It is mainly treated by localized surgical excision and has a good prognosis.
Child ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology* ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Retrospective Studies ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics*

Aim To explore the potential mechanism of Dangshen Pingfei Huoxue decoction (DPHD) in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Methods The common targets of DPHD and pulmonary fibrosis were obtained. Cytoscape software was used to construct " disease-drug-ingredients-targets " network diagram, and the common targets were imported into the STRING database for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis to screen out the core targets. In order to screen out key signaling pathways, the core genes were inputted into the DAVID platform for gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Then the molecular docking technology was used to verify the molecular docking between the core components and the key proteins in the signaling pathway. Finally, the molecular docking technology was used to verify the results of network pharmacology. Results A total of 176 active ingredients were obtained, and the top 5 was quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, naringenin and p-sitosterol, respectively. A total of 116 common targets were obtained. A total of 21 core targets were finally obtained by PPI screening, and the top 5 was AKT1, CCND1, CASP3, MYC and IL1B, respectively. The results of GO enrichment analysis showed that DPHD was mainly involved biological processes of oxidative stress, proliferation and differentiation, transcriptional regulation, drug response and inflammatory response. The results of KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the mainly signaling pathways included PI3K/Akt, MAPK, cellular senescence, AMPK, and TGF-beta. Molecular docking results showed that the binding energies of the top 5 active components of DPHD and the top 5 core targets were all less than-6.0 kcal • mo

Objective To investigate the effect of Danhuangsan on high glucose-induced vascular endothelial cell injury based on PINK 1/Parkin signaling pathway,and to explore its specific mechanism.Methods Human um-bilical vein endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into control group,growth factor group,Danhuangsan group,high glucose group,high glucose+growth factor group,high glucose+Danhuangsan group,with 3 cases in each group,treated for 48 hours.Cell scratch test was used to detect cell migration rate,and Transwell test was used to detect cell invasion rate.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2,Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic protein Bax.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of PINK 1,Parkin and LC 3-Ⅱ.Results Cell scratch test and Transwell test showed that under normal environment and high glucose treatment,Danhuangsan could reduce the cell migration and invasion rate(P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence assay showed that under normal environment and high glucose treatment,Danhuang-san up-regulated the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 protein in cells(P＜0.05).Western blot results showed that under normal environment and high glucose treatment,Danhuangsan increased the protein expression levels of PINK 1,Parkin and LC 3-Ⅱ in cells and down-regulated the expression levels of Bax protein(P＜0.05),and the effects of Danhuang powder were significantly better than those of blank serum and growth factor(P＜0.05).Conclusion Danhuangsan can alleviate high glucose-induced endothelial cell injury by activating PINK 1/Parkin pathway,and the mechanism may be related to promoting mitophagy and enhancing the repair of damage.