Objective To analyse the analgesic effect and possible mechanism of panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) on mouse models of chronic inflammatory pain caused by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). Methods A total of 48 male C57BL/ 6J mice were divided randomly into four groups: normal saline control group (Ctrl), CFA group (CFA), CFA + PNS group (CFA+PNS), CFA + dexamethasone (DEX) group (CFA+DEX). Von Frey filaments were used to detect mechanical pain in mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the number and morphological changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive astrocytes. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of GFAP, nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), Caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in mice’s spinal cord segments in each group. Results Compared with the Ctrl group, mice in the CFA group showed a significant decrease in mechanical pain thresholds at day 1, day 3, day 5, day 7, and day 14. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the spinal cord of the mice. PNS intervention could relieve mechanical pain and down-regulate the expressions of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the spinal cord of mice, with no significant difference compared with the CFA+DEX group. CFA group mice had significantly more GFAP positive cells in their posterior horns than Ctrl group mice, as measured by immunohistochemistry; PNS intervention decreased the number of GFAP positive cells in the posterior horn of the spinal cord in model mice;DEX had no effect on the number of GFAP positive cells in the dorsal horn of spinal cord. According to Western blotting results, GFAP expression in the spinal cord of the CFA group was significantly more than that of the Ctrl group; PNS intervention significantly reduced GFAP expression in the spinal cord of CFA group mice;DEX had no effect on the expression of GFAP in the posterior horn of spinal cord. Conclusion PNS has a good alleviating effect on inflammatory pain, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of astrocyte activation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of single-port thoracoscopic surgery for elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods The clinical data of 93 patients with NSCLC who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy or segmentectomy was collected,the patients were divided into uniportal operation group(40 cases,received single-port thoracoscopic surgery)and single-operation port operation group(53 cases,received single-operation port thoracoscopic surgery)according to the operation methods.The operation time,the amount of blood loss,the number of lymph node dissection,chest drainage volume 3 days after surgery,duration of indwelling drainage tube,postoperative hospital stay,visual analogue scale(VAS)score of postoperative pain,and incidence of postoperative complications of patients between the two groups were compared.The cumulative survival rate between the two groups was compared.Results The operation were successfully completed in both groups.There was no statistically significant difference in terms of operation time,the amount of blood loss,the number of lymph node dissection,chest drainage volume 3 days after surgery,duration of indwelling drainage tube,or postoperative hospital stay of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).There was significant difference in VAS score of postoperative pain of patients between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no early death within 1 months after surgery in both groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).After 4 to 30 months of follow-up,there was no significant difference in the cumulative survival rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Single-port thoracoscopic lobectomy or segmentectomy for elderly patients with NSCLC has high safety and feasibility,with less trauma,faster recovery and less postoperative pain.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of female migraine patients with patent foramen ovale(PFO)and design a risk prediction model for PFO in female migraine patients(migraineur patients PFO risk prediction model,MPRPM).Methods Female migraine patients who visited Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University from Jun 1,2019 to Dec 31,2022 were included.Preoperative information and follow-up results after discontinuation of medication were collected.Patients were divided into PFO-positive and PFO-negative groups based on transesophageal echocardiography results.A multivariate Logistic regression model and a random forest model were constructed,and the random forest model was validated multidimensionally.Key features were selected based on the mean decrease accuracy(MDA)to construct MPRPM.Results A total of 305 female patients were included in the study,with 204 patients in the PFO-positive group and 101 patients in the PFO-negative group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age at migraine onset,attack frequency,severe impact on life during attacks,exercise-related headaches,menstruation-induced headaches,aura migraines,and a history of cryptogenic stroke were predictive factors for PFO positivity.The random forest model effectively predicted the incidence of PFO in female migraine patients,with an AUC of 0.895(95%CI:0.847-0.943).MPRPM demonstrated a sensitivity of 71.6%and specificity of 91.1%(AUC:0.862,95%CI:0.818-0.906,P<0.001).The optimal cut-off value was 2.5 points.Patients correctly classified by the model showed a higher rate of symptom improvement compared to incorrectly classified patients(94.3%vs.82.0%,P=0.023).Conclusion We identified predictive factors for PFO in migraine patients.MPRPM can provide guidance in the diagnostic process and therapeutic decision-making for female migraine patients,assist in patient triage,and reduce the healthcare burden.

OBJECTIVE: To explore pro-oxidative state of rotator cuff tissue and expression levels of Beclin-1 and mam-malian target of rapamycin(mTOR) in patients with acute and chronic rotator cuff injury, and then analyzed relationship between rotator cuff injury and oxidative stress and autophagy. METHODS: Forty patients with rotator cuff injury were seleceted from July 2019 to December 2020, and divided into male chronic injury group, male acute injury group, female chronic injury group, and female acute injury group, 10 patients in each group. All patients were performed rotator cuff repair under arthroscopy. The sample of tendon at the rotator cuff injury site of the patient was taken during operation, and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were detected by detection kit;expression of Beclin-1 and mTOR mRNA were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western-blot was applied to detect protein expression of Beclin-1 and p-mTOR/mTOR. RESULTS: There were no significant difference in expression of ROS, SOD, Beclin-1mRNA and mTOR mRNA between male and female chronic injury groups, and between male and female acute injury groups (P>0.05); ROS, SOD and Beclin-1mRNA in male chronic injury group were higher than those in male chronic injury group, while mTOR mRNAand protein decreased (P<0.05);ROS, SOD and Beclin-1 mRNA in female chronic injury group were up-regulated compared with female acute injury group, while mTOR mRNA was down-regulated (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Chronic rotator cuff injury is more likely to stimulate the pro-oxidation state of rotator cuff tissue than acute rotator cuff injury, which could up-regulating expression of autophagy factor Beclin-1 and down-regulating expression of mTOR. Therefore, patients with chronic rotator cuff injury may have higher levels of oxidative stress and autophagy.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Beclin-1/metabolism* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; Rotator Cuff/surgery* ; Rotator Cuff Injuries/surgery* ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism* ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism*

Aim To explore the protective effect of proanthocyanidin B2 (PC-B2) on oxidative damage of PC 12 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H

Aim To investigate the effect of microinjection of EX527, a selective SIRT1 antagonist, into the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), and to explore the role of CREB/BDNF in it. Methods The cannulas were implanted bilaterally in the VLO of rats by brain stereotaxis surgery, and the model of morphine-induced CPP was established. The behavioral experiment consisted of four stages:habituation (d 1), pre-test (d 2-4), conditioning training (d 5-14) and test (d 15). At the stage of conditioning training, EX527 (1 μL, 5 g·L

Objective To explore the pattern of early expression and secretion of tissue factor(TF)in vascular endothelial cells induced by heat stress.Methods Thirty SPF-rated C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into five groups:the control group and groups of indicated recovery time,including 0,3,6,and 9 h in room temperature after heat stress(n=6).Mice in the heat stress groups were exposed to an animal incubator to reach 42.5℃for core body temperature for heat stroke.We analyzed the histopathological changes in the liver,lung,and kidney tissues with HE staining.We measured the TF mRNA in mice tissues by RT-qPCR and the plasma concentration of TF in mice with a commercial ELISA kit.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were placed in a culture incubator to build an in vitro heat stress model.HUVECs were divided into five groups,including a control group and groups of indicated recovery time,including 0,3,6,and 9 h after heat stress.We quantified the expression of TF mRNA and protein in HUVEC cells by RT-qPCR,Western blotting,and immunofluorescence and measured the secreted TF with a commercial ELISA kit.Results No significant pathological injury was observed in the tissues of the control group.Mice treated with heat stress had various degrees of structural injuries and hemorrhagic and inflammatory changes in multiple tissues.Compared to control group,the expression of TF mRNA significantly increased in the kidney of heat stress-treated mice with 0 and 3 h recovery time(1.719±0.018,1.241±0.178 vs.1.000±0.063),the lung with 3 h recovery time(2.444±0.511 vs.1.000±0.106)and the liver with 6 h recovery time(7.312±0.618 vs.1.000±0.147)(P<0.05).The concentration of TF in plasma also sustainedly elevated in mice with 0,3,6,and 9 h recovery time after heat stress as compared to control group[(132.426±17.920)pg/ml,(119.400±10.267)pg/ml,(107.374±13.495)pg/ml,(163.767±22.810)pg/ml vs.(75.479±13.831)pg/ml,respectively,P<0.01].The expression levels of TF mRNA were higher in heat stress HUVECs with 6 h and 9 h recovery time than the control cells(1.905±0.354,2.564±0.297 vs.1.000±0.097,P<0.01).Secreted TF in the supernatant from HUVECs treated with heat stress and different recovery time also increased significantly[(36.309±4.101)pg/ml,(38.425±5.484)pg/ml,(41.655±4.380)pg/ml,(43.586±4.718)pg/ml vs.(14.996±0.254)pg/ml,P<0.01].Conclusion Heat stress increased early expression and secretion of TF in vascular endothelial cells.Vascular endothelial cells may be a main source of circulating TF in heat stroke.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of oral ulcers and bloodstream infection in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: The clinical data of 401 hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospective analyzed, and the risk factors of oral ulcers and bloodstream infection statistical and analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 401 patients, the incidence of oral ulcers was 61.3% (246/401), and the incidence of bloodstream infection was 9.0% (36/401). A total of 40 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 36 patients, including 26 strains of Gram negative strains (65%), 13 strains of Gram positive strains (32.5%), and 1 strain of fungi (2.5%). Single-factor analysis showed that oral hygiene was associated with the occurrence of bloodstream infection, and the Multi-factor analysis showed that age ≥14 years old, disease diagnosis of leukemia, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were risk factors for oral ulcers. CONCLUSION The incidence of oral ulcers in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is high. The age ≥14 years, disease diagnosis of leukemia, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were risk factors for oral ulcers in patients, and oral hygiene was associated with the occurrence of bloodstream infection.
Humans ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Oral Ulcer/etiology* ; Bacteremia/microbiology* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Sepsis ; Risk Factors ; Leukemia

Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by progressive calcium deposition bilaterally in the brain, accompanied by various symptoms, such as dystonia, ataxia, parkinsonism, dementia, depression, headaches, and epilepsy. Currently, the etiology of PFBC is largely unknown, and no specific prevention or treatment is available. During the past 10 years, six causative genes (SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB, XPR1, MYORG, and JAM2) have been identified in PFBC. In this review, considering mechanistic studies of these genes at the cellular level and in animals, we summarize the pathogenesis and potential preventive and therapeutic strategies for PFBC patients. Our systematic analysis suggests a classification for PFBC genetic etiology based on several characteristics, provides a summary of the known composition of brain calcification, and identifies some potential therapeutic targets for PFBC.
Animals ; Brain Diseases/therapy* ; Xenotropic and Polytropic Retrovirus Receptor ; Brain/pathology*