In addition to providing energy for cells, mitochondria also participate in calcium homeostasis, cell information transfer, cell apoptosis, cell growth and differentiation. Therefore, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is very crucial for the body to carry out normal life activities. Ubiquitination, a post-translational modification of proteins, is involved in various physiological and pathological processes of cells by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. However, the mechanism by which ubiquitination regulates mitochondrial homeostasis has not been summarized, especially the effect of Parkin protein on cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the specific mechanism of mitochondrial homeostasis regulated by ubiquitination of Parkin protein is discussed, and the influence of mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance on cardiovascular diseases is reviewed, with a view to providing potential therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To construct a usability scale for smart hospital platforms based on Quality of Experience(QoE)theory,and provide scientific measurement tool for the construction,operation,and improvement of smart hospitals.Method Literature review,focus meeting method,and pre survey were used to screen and revise the scale items,forming a formal scale.Using convenience sampling method,1 000 users from 8 smart hospital platforms in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Result The availability scale of the smart hospital platform includes 6 dimensions and 24 items.Exploratory factor extraction identified 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.045%.The overall Cronbach's with a coefficient of 0.941 for 6 dimensions.The coefficient is between 0.782 and 0.963,and the retest reliability is 0.967.The Average Standardized Content Validity Index is 0.972,and the Item-level Content Validity Index is between 0.86 and 1.00.The correlation coefficient between the six dimensions of the scale and the System Usability Scale is 0.606-0.653,and the overall correlation coefficient is 0.647.Conclusion The usability scale of the smart hospital platform developed based on QoE theory has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the user experience of the smart hospital platform.

Tight-junction (TJ) is a complex supramolecular entity composed of complete membrane proteins, membranes and soluble cytoplasmic proteins, which is distributed in almost all barrier structures in the body. It can maintain the polarity of epithelial cells, close the intercellular space and prevent the overflow of materials in the epithelial space, and is a highly dynamic signaling entity. Occludin is one of the most representative members of TJ proteins, mainly responsible for sealing intercellular connections, maintaining intercellular permeability, and participating in maintaining the integrity of vascular endothelium. The integrity of occludin is related to the integrity of TJ, and the function of occludin is often associated with the barrier properties of various tissues, and the abnormal expression of occludin is related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. Occludin contains abundant Ser and Thr residues and has multiple phosphorylation sites. Phosphorylation is necessary for the combination of occludin and TJ, which can regulate the location of occludin, regulate the expression of occludin, and enhance the permeability and barrier function of TJ. Therefore, phosphorylation regulation is a mechanism that cannot be ignored in the regulation of occludin function. Occludin also interacts with many other proteins, such as co-forming the cytoskeleton with ZO-1, and is regulated by a variety of transcription factors. Studies have confirmed that in pathological conditions, a variety of signaling pathways can disrupt the integrity of cell barrier by regulating the expression and distribution of occludin. Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) signal transduction pathway is one of the important ways to regulate the structure and function of TJ. It influences the expression of occludin by altering the cytoskeleton. MLCK mainly uses the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) as a medium to promote actin contraction, secondary decomposition of tightly binding proteins, resulting in increased or changed cellular barrier permeability, and increased MLC phosphorylation is also a biochemical marker of actomyosin contraction. Activation of MLCK causes Thr18 and Ser19 phosphorylation of MLC, which promotes the assembly of myosin II into myosin fibers and activates the hydrolysis of ATP, which relaxes the intercellular connections and reduces the ability of upper cortex to resist external invaders. Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in the regulation of tightly connected signaling molecules, affecting the dynamic changes of paracellular permeability. PKC pathway is a key link in many cell signal transduction pathways, which influences all aspects of cell activities by catalyzing Ser/Thr residues phosphorylation of membrane proteins and many enzyme proteins. After PKC activation, it can regulate cellular barrier function by phosphorylating occludin and inducing its redistribution, and directly affect TJ action. Specific PKC subunits such as PKCα, PKCδ and PKCγ are activated and act on occludin molecules to promote their phosphorylation and cause the increase of TEER. The increase of TEER helps to regulate intercellular TJ and enhance the tightness of intercellular connections. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are usually activated by inflammatory factors, during which different signal transduction pathway subfamilies are formed to regulate occludin expression and affect tight junction and mucosal barrier functional integrity. Meanwhile, occludin is easily affected by various factors (such as cytokines and flora toxins), and abnormal expression of occludin will lead to structural damage of TJ and further damage of the intercellular barrier. Therefore, this paper summarizes the molecular structure and physiological function of occludin, and further summarizes its related signal regulation pathways and influencing factors, in order to provide theoretical support for maintaining the integrity of barrier function of occludin.

Objective To construct a usability scale for smart hospital platforms based on Quality of Experience(QoE)theory,and provide scientific measurement tool for the construction,operation,and improvement of smart hospitals.Method Literature review,focus meeting method,and pre survey were used to screen and revise the scale items,forming a formal scale.Using convenience sampling method,1 000 users from 8 smart hospital platforms in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Result The availability scale of the smart hospital platform includes 6 dimensions and 24 items.Exploratory factor extraction identified 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.045%.The overall Cronbach's with a coefficient of 0.941 for 6 dimensions.The coefficient is between 0.782 and 0.963,and the retest reliability is 0.967.The Average Standardized Content Validity Index is 0.972,and the Item-level Content Validity Index is between 0.86 and 1.00.The correlation coefficient between the six dimensions of the scale and the System Usability Scale is 0.606-0.653,and the overall correlation coefficient is 0.647.Conclusion The usability scale of the smart hospital platform developed based on QoE theory has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the user experience of the smart hospital platform.

Objective To construct a usability scale for smart hospital platforms based on Quality of Experience(QoE)theory,and provide scientific measurement tool for the construction,operation,and improvement of smart hospitals.Method Literature review,focus meeting method,and pre survey were used to screen and revise the scale items,forming a formal scale.Using convenience sampling method,1 000 users from 8 smart hospital platforms in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Result The availability scale of the smart hospital platform includes 6 dimensions and 24 items.Exploratory factor extraction identified 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.045%.The overall Cronbach's with a coefficient of 0.941 for 6 dimensions.The coefficient is between 0.782 and 0.963,and the retest reliability is 0.967.The Average Standardized Content Validity Index is 0.972,and the Item-level Content Validity Index is between 0.86 and 1.00.The correlation coefficient between the six dimensions of the scale and the System Usability Scale is 0.606-0.653,and the overall correlation coefficient is 0.647.Conclusion The usability scale of the smart hospital platform developed based on QoE theory has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the user experience of the smart hospital platform.

Objective To construct a usability scale for smart hospital platforms based on Quality of Experience(QoE)theory,and provide scientific measurement tool for the construction,operation,and improvement of smart hospitals.Method Literature review,focus meeting method,and pre survey were used to screen and revise the scale items,forming a formal scale.Using convenience sampling method,1 000 users from 8 smart hospital platforms in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Result The availability scale of the smart hospital platform includes 6 dimensions and 24 items.Exploratory factor extraction identified 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.045%.The overall Cronbach's with a coefficient of 0.941 for 6 dimensions.The coefficient is between 0.782 and 0.963,and the retest reliability is 0.967.The Average Standardized Content Validity Index is 0.972,and the Item-level Content Validity Index is between 0.86 and 1.00.The correlation coefficient between the six dimensions of the scale and the System Usability Scale is 0.606-0.653,and the overall correlation coefficient is 0.647.Conclusion The usability scale of the smart hospital platform developed based on QoE theory has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the user experience of the smart hospital platform.

Objective To construct a usability scale for smart hospital platforms based on Quality of Experience(QoE)theory,and provide scientific measurement tool for the construction,operation,and improvement of smart hospitals.Method Literature review,focus meeting method,and pre survey were used to screen and revise the scale items,forming a formal scale.Using convenience sampling method,1 000 users from 8 smart hospital platforms in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Result The availability scale of the smart hospital platform includes 6 dimensions and 24 items.Exploratory factor extraction identified 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.045%.The overall Cronbach's with a coefficient of 0.941 for 6 dimensions.The coefficient is between 0.782 and 0.963,and the retest reliability is 0.967.The Average Standardized Content Validity Index is 0.972,and the Item-level Content Validity Index is between 0.86 and 1.00.The correlation coefficient between the six dimensions of the scale and the System Usability Scale is 0.606-0.653,and the overall correlation coefficient is 0.647.Conclusion The usability scale of the smart hospital platform developed based on QoE theory has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the user experience of the smart hospital platform.

Objective To construct a usability scale for smart hospital platforms based on Quality of Experience(QoE)theory,and provide scientific measurement tool for the construction,operation,and improvement of smart hospitals.Method Literature review,focus meeting method,and pre survey were used to screen and revise the scale items,forming a formal scale.Using convenience sampling method,1 000 users from 8 smart hospital platforms in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Result The availability scale of the smart hospital platform includes 6 dimensions and 24 items.Exploratory factor extraction identified 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.045%.The overall Cronbach's with a coefficient of 0.941 for 6 dimensions.The coefficient is between 0.782 and 0.963,and the retest reliability is 0.967.The Average Standardized Content Validity Index is 0.972,and the Item-level Content Validity Index is between 0.86 and 1.00.The correlation coefficient between the six dimensions of the scale and the System Usability Scale is 0.606-0.653,and the overall correlation coefficient is 0.647.Conclusion The usability scale of the smart hospital platform developed based on QoE theory has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the user experience of the smart hospital platform.

Objective To construct a usability scale for smart hospital platforms based on Quality of Experience(QoE)theory,and provide scientific measurement tool for the construction,operation,and improvement of smart hospitals.Method Literature review,focus meeting method,and pre survey were used to screen and revise the scale items,forming a formal scale.Using convenience sampling method,1 000 users from 8 smart hospital platforms in Shandong Province were selected as the research subjects to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Result The availability scale of the smart hospital platform includes 6 dimensions and 24 items.Exploratory factor extraction identified 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 64.045%.The overall Cronbach's with a coefficient of 0.941 for 6 dimensions.The coefficient is between 0.782 and 0.963,and the retest reliability is 0.967.The Average Standardized Content Validity Index is 0.972,and the Item-level Content Validity Index is between 0.86 and 1.00.The correlation coefficient between the six dimensions of the scale and the System Usability Scale is 0.606-0.653,and the overall correlation coefficient is 0.647.Conclusion The usability scale of the smart hospital platform developed based on QoE theory has good reliability and validity,and can be used to measure the user experience of the smart hospital platform.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of acyl-CoA syntbetase long chain family member 4(ACSL4)in Sevoflurane(Sev)induced neuronal cell damage.Methods Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were used as the research object,and control group(dimethyl sulfoxide,10 μmol/L),Sev group and Sev+iron death inhibitor Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1,10 μmol/L)group were set up.CCK-8 method was used to detect cell activity in each group.4.1%Sev exposed postoperative cognitive dysfunction model was constructed in vitro and divided into Ctrol group,Sev group,Sev+si-NC group,Sev+si-ACSL4 group,and Sev+si-ACSL4+compound C group according to the transfection category.The contents of Malonaldehyde(MDA),4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE),Glutathione(GSH)and Fe2+in each group were detected by colorimetry.The level of reactive oxygen species was detected using a 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)fluorescent probe.Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression of ACSL4,glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),and solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11).Protein immunoblotting was used to detect the expression of ACSL4,GPX4,adenosine 5'-monophosphate activated protein kinase(AMPK),phosphorylated(p)-AMPK,mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)and p-mTOR proteins.Results CCK-8 results showed that the cell viability of Sev group(0.41±0.11)was significantly lower than that of control group(0.98±0.07),and the cell viability of Sev+Fer-1 group(0.83±0.09)was significantly higher than that of Sev group(0.41±0.11),and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.572,5.118,all P<0.01).The levels of Fe2+,MDA,4-HNE,ROS and p-AMPK/AMPK ratios,as well as the mRNA and protein expression of ACSL4 in the Sev group cells,were higher than those in the Ctrol group(t=5.900,7.421,4.795,13.517,10.825,9.945,11.334),the GSH conten,p-mTOR/mTOR ratio,and mRNA and protein expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were lower than those in the Ctrol group(t=20.438,3.551,11.460,12.211,6.845,8.287),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05)repectively.The levels of Fe2+,MDA,4-HNE,ROS,and p-AMPK/AMPK ratios,as well as the mRNA and protein expression of ACSL4 in the Sev+si-ACSL4 group,were lower than those in the Sev+si-NC group(t=3.818,3.164,3.054,4.465,13.088,7.918,9.737),the cell viability,GSH content,p-mTOR/mTOR ratio,and protein expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were higher than those in the Sev+si-NC group(t=2.912,7.248,7.574,20.092,5.915),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05),respectively.The cell viability,GSH content,SLC7A11,and GPX4 protein expression in the Sev+si-ACSL4+compound C group were lower than those in the Sev+si-ACSL4 group(t=4.435,8.521,4.522,8.767),while the levels of Fe2+,MDA,4-HNE,and ROS were higher than those in the Sev+si-ACSL4 group(t=10.046,4.004,2.957,3.752),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Inhibiting ACSL4 expression attenuates Sev-induced iron death in SH-SY5Y cells by activating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.