Objective: To understand the occurrence and predictive factors of depressive symptoms among multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a referential framework for schools to carry out targeted mental health education. Methods: From October to December 2022, 8 500 first grade students from 23 middle schools were selected from 11 minority areas in Yunnan Province by cluster random sampling method. Demographic information and data relating to the students lifestyles were collected by questionnaire, and the Children s Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Chi square test was performed to compare differences in the detection rate of depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students for univariate analysis. A decision tree model of depressive symptoms in middle school students was established by using the Chi squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID). Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among first grade students from multi ethnic middle schools in Yunnan Province was 28.26%. The decision tree model of depressive symptoms was academic stress ( χ 2=469.08) at the first level, breakfast behaviors (low/moderate academic stress: χ 2=155.49; severe academic stress: χ 2=105.24) at the second level, and the number of close friends (low/moderate academic stress and consuming breakfast 0- 2 days weekly: χ 2=23.15; low/moderate academic stress and consuming breakfast 3-4 days weekly: χ 2=14.99; severe academic stress and consuming breakfast 0-2 days weekly: χ 2=29.26; severe academic stress and consuming breakfast 3-4 days weekly: χ 2=20.15), ethnicity ( χ 2=78.22) and drinking ( χ 2=50.36) at the third level ( P <0.01). Conclusions The study identifies academic stress, breakfast behaviors, number of close friends, drinking and ethnicity as predictive factors of depressive symptoms among multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province. Schools should develop targeted strategies for preventing and managing depressive symptoms in middle school students, so as to reduce their occurrence.

Objective: To determine the latent class of dietary patterns and their association with depressive symptoms among first grade students from multi ethnic middle schools in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a reference basis for promoting mental health among border middle school students. Methods: A cluster random sampling involving 8 500 first grade middle school students from 11 counties in Yunnan Province was conducted by a questionnaire survey between October to December 2022. The Children s Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to assess the depressive symptoms and the Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to collect eating behavior data. The latent profile analysis model was used to fit the latent class of dietary patterns among students. The association between the dietary pattern latent class and depressive symptoms was analyzed by Logistic regression. Results: The depressive symptom detection rate among firstgrade middle school students was 28.3%. Prevalence of depressive symptom in girls (30.9%) was higher than boys (25.5%) with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=29.83, P <0.01). The dietary patterns among first grade middle school students were classified into four latent classes, as follows:class 1 (low consumption of all dietary components), class 2 (high consumption of fruit, milk and dairy products), class 3 (high consumption of vegetables and meat, and low consumption of processed foods) and class 4 (low consumption of milk, dairy products and eggs, and high consumption of processed foods). After adjusting for confounding variables, the class 3 dietary pattern was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms ( OR=0.62, 95%CI =0.52-0.74) and the class 4 dietary pattern was positively correlated with depressive symptoms ( OR= 1.28 , 95%CI =1.05-1.57) ( P <0.05), compared with the class 1 dietary pattern. Conclusions Multi ethnic first grade middle school students in Yunnan Province follow various dietary patterns. Unhealthy dietary patterns increase the risk of depressive symptoms. The dietary patterns of multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province should be adjusted to promote the establishment of healthy dietary patterns and reduce the risk of depression symptoms in middle school students.

Objective: To investigate the association of sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption with insomnia and depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students from Yunnan Province, so as to provide evidence to guide interventions for the treatment of these symptoms in this population. Methods: From October to December 2022, 8 500 firstgrade middle school students from 11 counties in Yunnan Province were selected by cluster random sampling. Depressive symptoms, SSB consumption, and insomnia symptoms among students were evaluated by the Child Depression Scale (CDI), dietary frequency questionnaire, and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between SSB consumption, insomnia, depressive symptoms, and their interaction effects among students. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 28.3%, and having insomnia symptoms ( OR=6.07, 95%CI =5.46-6.75), consuming carbonated beverages ( OR=1.20, 95%CI =1.08-1.34), tea ( OR=1.13, 95%CI =1.02-1.25), energy drinks ( OR=1.36, 95%CI =1.23-1.50), and other beverages ( OR=1.32, 95%CI =1.19-1.45) were positively correlated with depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students ( P < 0.05). Carbonated beverages (additive effect: OR=2.96, 95%CI =2.72-3.22, multiplicative effect: OR=4.75, 95%CI =4.25- 5.32 ), fruit drinks (additive effect: OR=2.61, 95%CI =2.40-2.82; multiplicative effect: OR=4.43, 95%CI =3.94-4.97), tea (additive effect: OR=2.70, 95%CI =2.47-2.89; multiplicative effect: OR=4.34, 95%CI =3.86-4.89), energy drinks (additive effect: OR=2.82, 95%CI =2.61-3.05; multiplicative effect: OR=4.48, 95%CI =3.92-5.12), sweetened milk (additive effect: OR= 2.73, 95%CI =2.06-2.96; multiplicative effect: OR=4.61, 95%CI =4.12-5.17) and other beverages (additive effect: OR= 2.73 , 95%CI =2.53-2.95; multiplicative effect: OR=4.56, 95%CI =4.00-5.20) had both additive and multiplicative effects with insomnia, and increased the risk of depressive symptoms in first grade middle school students ( P <0.01). Conclusions The interaction between the consumption of SSB and insomnia symptoms may increase the risk of depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students in Yunnan Province. It is necessary to advocate middle school students to reduce SSB intake, in order to decrease the occurrence of depressive symptoms among this population.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) situation of rabies exposure population in the animal injury outpatient department of Lishui Central Hospital, so as to provide reference for rabies prevention and control in this region.Methods:The epidemiological data of 6 471 rabies-exposed persons in Lishui Central Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including the gender and age of exposed persons, the month and location of injury, the species of injured animals, the exposure grade, rabies vaccination, rabies passive immunization agents, etc.Results:From 2021 to 2023, a total of 6 471 cases of rabies exposure were treated in the animal injury outpatient department of Lishui Central Hospital. From 2021 to 2023, 1 133 cases, 2 135 cases and 3 203 cases were treated respectively. April to November was the peak period of exposure. The population of 21 to 30 years had the highest rate of treatment, reaching 27.79% (1 798/6 471), and was a high-risk group of exposure. The age composition ratio of rabies exposure in the three years was statistically significantly different ( χ2=43.82, P<0.001); the male to female ratio was 1∶1.14 ( χ2=1.63, P=0.442); 3 317 cases (51.26%, 3 317/6 471) were injured by cats, and 2 614 cases (42.16%, 2 614/6 471) were injured by dogs, cats and dogs were the main injured animals ( χ2=18.63, P=0.098). The upper limbs (4 131/6 471, 63.84%) and lower limbs (1 848/6 471, 28.56%) were the most exposed sites, and there was a statistically significant difference in the exposure composition ratio of each site in three years ( χ2=105.79, P<0.001). Grade II exposure accounted for 31.79% (2 057/6 471), grade III exposure accounted for 62.31% (4 032/6 471). Among grade III exposure individuals, those who used passive immune preparations accounted for 55.13% (2 232/4 032). Conclusions:The number of rabies-exposed patients in the animal injury outpatient department of Lishui Central Hospital has been increasing year by year, and the population of patients injured by cats and dogs is particularly prominent. The utilization rate of passive immune preparations for grade III exposure patients still needs to be further improved.

Objective:To explore the correlation between factors such as life events and the incidence of alopecia areata.Methods:A retrospective study was carried out to incorporate 550 patients diagnosed with alopecia areata and 550 healthy controls in the Department of Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine, Honghui Hospital, Xi＇an Jiaotong University from December 2012 to February 2022. Based on the circumstances 6 months prior to the disease onset, patients independently completed the questionnaire survey, encompassing the Life Events Scale (LES) and the General Questionnaire on Alopecia Areata. Univariate analysis was implemented on the general conditions of both the alopecia areata patients and the healthy controls. Factors with statistically significant disparities were incorporated into the multivariate unconditional logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors of the occurrence of alopecia areata.Results:In the alopecia areata group, there were 256 males and 294 females, with an average age of (32.6±13.1) years. In the healthy control group, there were 256 males and 294 females, with an average age of (34.5±13.3) years. Statistically significant differences were identified in occupational nature, family history, character, personality, alcohol consumption, consumption of spicy and irritating foods, negative life events, family life issues, and learning and work problems between the alopecia areata group and the healthy control group (all P<0.05). The outcomes of the multivariate unconditional logistic regression model indicated that occupational nature ( OR=2.268, 95% CI: 1.212-4.242, P=0.010), family history ( OR=9.692, 95% CI: 1.177-79.773, P=0.035), personality ( OR=1.807, 95% CI: 1.020-3.203, P=0.043), and learning and work problems ( OR=1.095, 95% CI: 1.010-1.188, P=0.029) were the influencing factors of the incidence of alopecia areata. Conclusions:Occupational nature, family history, personality, and problems in learning and work are the influencing factors of the incidence of alopecia areata.

By comparing new medical device regulations with existing directives in the European Union, the revising ideas of new EU medical device regulations, especially the changes of the classification management concepts, were analyzed to provide clues for the industry to interpret the new EU regulations, and references for the classification management innovation in our country.
Equipment and Supplies ; classification ; European Union ; Government Regulation ; Industry

Objective To investigate the changes of soluble CD105,transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in esophageal cancer(EC) patients,analyzing its clinical significance.Methods Collecting 56 cases of gastric cancer(observation group) and 49 cases of healthy people(control group)from Nov.2014 to Jan.2016 as the research objects.The levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF were detected in EC patients pre-and post-operation and healthy subjects.The data of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF were analyzed in the two groups.Results The pre-operation levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF in EC patients were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The pre-operation levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF in EC patients were significantly higher than post-operation levels,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The post-operation levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF in EC patients were not statistically different with control group(P>0.05).Conclusion The levels of soluble CD105,TGF-β1 and VEGF could be abnormal in patients with EC,which might be the index for monitoring the clinical disease condition and judging the prognosis of the EC.

Vitiligo disease makes patients generally exist anxiety,depression,excessive stress response and other psychological characteristics,and the psychological harm caused by disease is more difficult to deal with than the harm caused by the disease itself.Due to the particularity of disease itself,the psychological pressure of general patients is greater than other disease and the psychological problems are more serious.Therefore,when the vitiligo patients seek medical advice,we should pay attention to more respects for patients,protect the privacy of patients;strengthen the emotional reaction between doctors and patients;make good use of psychological function;and promote the establishment of a good doctor-patient relationship and realize the benign interaction of doctor-patient relationship to make the condition of vitiligo patient gradually improved,and finally return to health.

Objective To study the expressions of mucin (MUC) 1 and 2 in extramammary Paget's disease(EMPD) lesions. Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions of 19 patients with EMPD and normal skin of 19 human controls during cosmetic surgery. Streptavidin-perosidase (SP) technique was used to detect the expressions of MUC1 and MUC2 in these specimens. Results As haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed, 3 cases were accompanied by poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, 6 were invasive Paget's disease and 10 were intraepithelial EMPD. MUC1 was expressed in 2 cases accompanied by poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and in all the cases of invasive and intraepithelial EMPD; MUC2 was observed in all the cases of adenocarcinoma-complicated EMPD and invasive EMPD, but only in 2 of 10 cases of intraepithelial EMPD.Neither MUC1 nor MUC2 was observed in normal control specimens. A significant increase was observed in the expression of MUC1 in lesions of intraepithelial EMPD compared with invasive EMPD and adenocarcinoma-complicated EMPD (both P ＜ 0.05), and in the expression of MUC2 in lesions of invasive EMPD and adenocarcinoma-complicated EMPD compared with intraepithelial EMPD (both P ＜ 0.05). The expression of MUC1 was uncorrelated to that of MUC2 (r= -0.5, P＞ 0.05). Conclusions MUC1 is generally expressed in the lesions of EMPD, while MUC2 is expressed in those of adenocarcinoma-complicated EMPD and invasive EMPD.

Objective:To study the mechanisms that acupuncture therapy of "Shuanggu Yitong" in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMO).Methods:60female SD rats aged 6 months were resected bilateral ovaries and feeded for 90 days in order to make the model of experimental osteoporosis.Then,they were divided into 5 groups such as control group,regular acupoints treated group,"Shuanggu" group,"Yitong" group,"Shuanggu Yitong" group,with 12 rats each group,and the control group without any treatment;Pishu(BL 20),Weishu(BL 21),Shenshu(BL 23),Qihaishu(BL 24) was selected for the regular acupoints treated group;Guanyuan(RN 4),Zusanli(ST 36) for the "Shuanggu" group;and Shenshu(BL 23),Geshu(BL 17),Dazhu(BL 11) for the "Yitong" group;Guanyuan(RN 4),Zusanli(ST 36),Shenshu(BL 23),Geshu(BL 17),Dazhu(BL 11)for the "Shuanggu Yitong" group.Electroacupuncture therapy was given once a day,15 minutes each time,the needles were retained for 10 minutes.Then these rats rested for 1 day after consecutive therapy for 6 days.The therapy lasted for 12 weeks.RT-PCR was used to examine the expression level of interleukin-6(IL-6)mRNA in bone tissue.Results:Compared with control group,the expression level of IL-6mRNA in all acupuncture therapy groups decreased(P0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture can reduce the expression level of IL-6mRNA in osteoporosis model rats without ovaries and "Shuanggu Yitong" acupuncture therapy is superior to other regular acupuncture therapy.