AIM: To analyze the research status and future development trends of intermittent exotropia(IXT)by bibliometric study.METHODS: Bibliometrics methods were used and the related literatures in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)database from 2003 to 2022 were retrieved. CiteSpace6.2.R2 software was used to conduct visualized analysis of publications of one year, countries, institutions, journals, authors, references and keywords.RESULTS: A total of 620 literatures on IXT were retrieved from 2003 to 2022, and there has been a progressive increase in the number of publications. South Korea and the United States, Mayo Clinc and Holmes JM were the most productive and impactful country, institution and author, respectively. The Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus(J AAPOS)published the most manuscripts(78 publications). The keywords with the strongest citation burst were surgery, epidemiology, alignment and recurrence.CONCLUSION: Visualized analysis conducted by CiteSpace software could objectively show the quantity changes and distribution of literatures on IXT from 2003 to 2022. Furthermore, the research hotspot of IXT has gradually shifted from surgery and epidemiology to fusion and recurrence.

Objective:To analyze the evaluation of the application effect and deficiency of nurses acting as standardized parents in the graduation examination of standardized residency training of pediatrics and further improve and promote the level of standardized parents.Methods:A questionnaire survey was used to collect the scores of nurse standardized parents by students and examiners who took part in the graduation examination of standardized residency training of pediatrics in 2021. And the self-evaluation scores of standardized parents were collected. Counting data were represented by the number of cases and composition ratio. A Chi-square test was used to compare the rates.Results:A total of 125 questionnaires from students and 37 questionnaires from nurse standardized parents were collected, and the overall satisfaction (very satisfied + satisfied) of standardized parents reached 121 (96.80%). In the three dimensions of simulation ability, compliance with question-and-answer rules, and simulated attitude, students believed that the consistency between standardized parents and actual parents in simulated altitude was lower than that in the simulation ability and compliance with question-and-answer rules ( P=0.007, P=0.001). The overall satisfaction of standardized parents (very satisfied + satisfied) reached 87.38% (388/444). There were 26 (70.27%) nurse standardized parents who had the lowest satisfaction with their own performance ability, followed by 28 (75.68%) cases of imitation ability and 30 (81.08%) cases of adaptability. Conclusions:It is feasible to adopt nurse standardized parents in the assessment of standardized residency training of pediatrics, and both students and examiners have higher satisfaction. The next step is to improve the training of nurses standardized parents in the attitude of simulation and, at the same time, enhance the training of imitation ability and adaptability, so as to further expand the construction of standardized parents.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum levels of nuclear factor E2-related fac-tor 2(Nrf2),advanced oxidation protein products(AOPP)and blood lipid,liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Methods A total of 104 patients with NASH in Bishan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University were selected as the study group,and 90 healthy people were selected as the control group.The serum levels of Nrf2 and AOPP in each group were detected and compared.Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum Nrf2,AOPP levels and blood lipid,liver fibrosis in patients with NASH.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to e-valuate the diagnostic value of serum Nrf2,AOPP levels for NASH.Results The levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),Nrf2 and AOPP in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05),and the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The serum levels of Nrf2 and AOPP in severe group were higher than those in moderate group and mild group(P＜0.05),and the serum levels of Nrf2 and AOPP in moderate group were higher than those in mild group(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that serum Nrf2 and AOPP levels in NASH patients were positively correlated with TG,TC,LDL-C and the degree of liver fibrosis(P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with HDL-C(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of serum Nrf2 for NASH diagnosis was 0.830(95％CI 0.780-0.880).The AUC of serum AOPP in the diagnosis of NASH was 0.866(95％CI 0.816-0.916).The AUC of the combined diagnosis of NASH was 0.925(95％CI 0.875-0.975).Conclusion The serum levels of Nrf2 and AOPP are increased in NASH patients,and they are closely related to blood lipids and liver fibrosis,which are expected to be effective indicators for the diagnosis of NASH.

Objective To evaluate the expression differences of C-reactive protein(CRP),procalcitonin(PCT)and cytokines[interferon-γ(IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-10,IL-6,IL-4,IL-2,IL-17 A,and IFN-γ/IL-10]in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,tuberculosis(TB)infec-tion and HIV/TB co-infection in order to provide evidence for early clinical diagnosis of HIV/TB co-infection.Methods Medical records and clinical information of 103 patients with HIV(HIV group),42 patients with TB(TB group)and 67 patients with HIV/TB co-infection(HIV/TB group)were collected from January 2021 to September 2022.CRP,PCT and cytokines were detected in all patients,and their expression differ-ences among the three groups were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were drawn and screening ability was evaluated.Results Compared with HIV group and TB group,CRP,PCT,IFN-γ,IL-10,IL-6 levels and IFN-γ/IL-10 in HIV/TB group were increased,with statistical significance(P＜0.001).Bon-ferroni correction results showed that CRP,PCT,IFN-γ,IL-6 levels and IFN-γ/IL-10 were significantly differ-ent between HIV and HIV/TB groups(all P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of CRP,PCT,IFN-γ,IL-6 and IFN-γ/IL-10 combined detection was 0.826,which was higher than that of single detection.Conclusion CRP,PCT,IFN-γ,IL-6,IFN-γ/IL-10 combined detection can help the early screening of HIV infection and HIV/TB co-infection.

Objective:To investigate the level of beliefs about medication in young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 320 young newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients who visited the designated tuberculosis hospitals in Kashgar Prefecture and Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects. The investigation was carried out with the General Information Questionnaire, Beliefs about Medicines Questionaire Specific (BMQ-S), 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) and Tuberculosis-related Stigma Scale (TSS). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of medication beliefs in young patients with newly treated tuberculosis.Results:A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 302 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 94.38% (302/320). The total score of BMQ-S of 302 young patients with newly treated tuberculosis was -1.00 (-2.00, 1.00), MMAS-8 score was 5.38 (4.75, 5.75), BIPQ score was 37.00 (24.00, 44.00) and TSS score was 48.00 (44.00, 52.00). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that comorbidities, medication adherence, disease perception and stigma were the influencing factors of medication beliefs in young newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The medication belief level of young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis needs to be improved. Medical staff should correct the negative cognition of the patient's disease, emphasize the benefits of drug treatment and enhance the patients' beliefs in the necessity of medication.

Objective:To explore influencing factors of the self-reported brief life quality satisfaction score(Brief-QoL) in patients with acromegaly and understand the persistent low Brief-QoL scores in cases achieving biochemical remission.Methods:This study included 836 acromegaly patients who were hospitalized at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2012 and December 2020. We retrospectively examined how clinical characteristics, biochemical parameters, comorbidities, and symptoms influenced Brief-QoL. Among patients who achieved biochemical remission, differences in clinical symptoms and comorbidities were analyzed between the high and low quality of life groups.Results:Patients with well-controlled biochemical indicators at the last follow-up had generally high Brief-QoL. However, patients with symptoms such as headaches (47.8% in the low-score group vs 14.9% in the high-score group, P<0.001) and joint pain (69.6% in the low-score group vs 19.0% in the high-score group, P<0.001) had low Brief-QoL despite biochemical remission. Receiving combined treatment(52.4% in the low-score group vs 27.5% in the high-score group, P=0.030) and having comorbid diabetes or hyperlipidemia were significant factors leading to decreased quality of life. Conclusion:Brief-QoL is suitable for follow-up of outpatient patients. Early identification of factors affecting quality of life and timely intervention can facilitate the realization of standardized management.

To report a case of nonbullous neutrophilic lupus erythematosus. A 57-year-old male patient presented with recurrent erythematous pruritic papules and plaques on the trunk and extremities for over 10 years. Skin examination revealed scattered urticaria-like papules and plaques on the trunk and limbs, with thin scales on the edge of some lesions. Laboratory tests showed positive antinuclear antibodies at a titer of 1∶320 (granular type), anti-Sj?gren syndrome A (SSA) antibodies (++), anti-SSB antibodies (+++), anti-Ro-52 antibodies (+++), and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies at a level of 369.09 RU/ml (reference range: 0 - 20 RU/ml). Histopathological analysis of the skin lesions on the back revealed epidermal hyperkeratosis in a basket-like shape, liquefaction degeneration of basal cells, infiltration of numerous neutrophils in the superficial dermis with karyorrhexis, perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes in the superficial and middle dermis, and extensive extracellular mucin deposition throughout the dermis. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with nonbullous neutrophilic lupus erythematosus.

Humans ; Uric Acid ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Spondylarthritis/diagnostic imaging* ; C-Reactive Protein ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing

Cow′s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common presentations of food allergy seen in early childhood.It is an abnormal immune response caused by cow′s milk protein.CMPA can be clinically subdivided into either immediate-onset IgE mediated or delayed onset non-IgE mediated, or both.At present, concerns regarding the early and timely diagnosis of CMPA have been high-lighted over the years and there are many expert consensus on CMPA in China, but these consensus did not distinguish IgE mediated or non-IgE mediated CMPA.In view of the obvious clinical differences between the two type of CMPA and non-IgE mediated CMPA is more common in infancy, experts focus on pediatric gastroenterology, allergy/immunology, dermatology, nutrition and child healthcare convened by the Allergy Prevention and Control Professional Committee of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association present this guideline to help practitioners in primary care settings to early recognize and make suitable management of non-IgE mediated CMPA in China.The guideline incorporates the cutting-edge international guidance and the actual situation of Chinese children describing in detail the types, clinical features, diagnosis and nutritional intervention of non-IgE mediated CMPA.There are 42 recommendations in 7 categories in total referring to the common questions related to non-IgE mediated CMPA.

The clinical data of a child with ABCB1 rs1045642 T/T genotype and skin photosensitivity induced by Voriconazole were analyzed retrospectively in Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University in September 2020.Literature was reviewed to discuss the relationship between ABCB1 genetic polymorphism and Voriconazole pharmacokinetics.The patient was a 6.8-year-old boy, who was diagnosed with primary immunodeficiency disease.Long-term oral Voriconazole was administered for prevention and treatment of fungal infections.Skin photodistributed erythema and pigmentation occurred about 3-4 weeks after treatment.The skin lesions were significantly alleviated about 1 month after the withdrawal of Voriconazole.Gene test showed ABCB1 rs1045642 T/T in the patient.Some studies reported that ABCB1 rs1045642 T/T genotype reduced the clearance rate of Voriconazole.Monitoring such adverse reaction of Voriconazole in clinical practice is important. ABCB1 gene polymorphism is possible to correlate with the pharmacokinetics and adverse reactions of Voriconazole.However, further large-scale clinical studies are warranted to verify it.