Objective: To compare the safety between cervical conization (CC) alone and hysterectomy for patients with adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) of the cervix. Methods: Patients diagnosed with AIS after CC during 2007–2021 were identified by computerized databases at Women’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. A total of 453 AIS patients were divided into 2 groups according to uterus preservation: hysterectomy group (n=300) and CC(s) alone group (n=153). The prevalence of residual disease and disease recurrence was compared between patients treated by CC(s) alone and hysterectomy. The prevalence of residual disease in specimens from women who had a hysterectomy and repeat CC were compared between positive and negative margins of CC. The factors influencing residual disease and disease recurrence were assessed. Results: Among 310 specimens from women who had a hysterectomy or repeat CC, the prevalence of residual disease was 50.6% (45/89) for a positive margin and 2.3% (5/221) for a negative margin (p=0.000). Four patients had recurrence of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia in those treated by hysterectomy and one had recurrence of cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia in those treated by CC(s) alone. The prevalence of recurrence was 0.7% (1/153) for CC(s) alone and 1.3% (4/300) for hysterectomy (p=0.431). Hysterectomy did not influence residual disease or disease recurrence. Conclusion CC is an efficacious and safe option for patients with AIS of the cervix provided the margin is negative.

Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by progressive calcium deposition bilaterally in the brain, accompanied by various symptoms, such as dystonia, ataxia, parkinsonism, dementia, depression, headaches, and epilepsy. Currently, the etiology of PFBC is largely unknown, and no specific prevention or treatment is available. During the past 10 years, six causative genes (SLC20A2, PDGFRB, PDGFB, XPR1, MYORG, and JAM2) have been identified in PFBC. In this review, considering mechanistic studies of these genes at the cellular level and in animals, we summarize the pathogenesis and potential preventive and therapeutic strategies for PFBC patients. Our systematic analysis suggests a classification for PFBC genetic etiology based on several characteristics, provides a summary of the known composition of brain calcification, and identifies some potential therapeutic targets for PFBC.
Animals ; Brain Diseases/therapy* ; Xenotropic and Polytropic Retrovirus Receptor ; Brain/pathology*

Four new prenylflavonoid glycosides, namely koreanoside H-K (1-4), together with eleven known ones (5-15) were isolated from the leaves of Epimedium koreanum Nakai. Their structures were elucidated by 1D NMR, 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, IR and UV. The identification of the sugar moieties was carried out by means of acid hydrolysis and HPLC analysis of their derivatives. It is worth noting that compound 3 and compound 4 were elucidated to contain fucose and quinovose moieties, which were two extremely rare sugar units from the genus Epimedium. The anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity of the new compounds was evaluated using A549 cell line. Compounds 1, 2 and 4 showed significant anti-pulmonary fibrosis activities.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Epimedium/chemistry* ; Glycosides/pharmacology* ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology* ; Plant Leaves/chemistry*

Activation of inflammatory responses regulates the transmission of pain pathways through an integrated network in the peripheral and central nervous systems. The immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 (Tα1) has recently been reported to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective functions in rodents. However, how Tα1 affects inflammatory pain remains unclear. In the present study, intraperitoneal injection of Tα1 attenuated complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced pain hypersensitivity, and decreased the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in inflamed skin and the spinal cord. We found that CFA-induced peripheral inflammation evoked strong microglial activation, but the effect was reversed by Tα1. Notably, Tα1 reversed the CFA-induced up-regulation of vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT) and down-regulated the vesicular γ-aminobutyric acid transporter (VGAT) in the spinal cord. Taken together, these results suggest that Tα1 plays a therapeutic role in inflammatory pain and in the modulation of microglia-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in addition to mediation of VGLUT and VGAT expression in the spinal cord.

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the purine concentrations of the acupoints along the pericardium and nonpericardium meridians under healthy and myocardial ischemia conditions to investigate the relationship between acupoint purine change and body functional status in rats. METHODS: A total of 70 rats underwent an operation for myocardial ischemia, while 40 of them survived. They were randomly assigned to the following 5 subgroups: Neiguan (PC 6), Quze (PC 3), Tianquan (PC 2), Quchi (LI 11), and Jianyu (LI 15). Simultaneously, another 40 healthy rats were also randomized into the same 5 subgroups as the control group. The tissue fluids at the acupoints were collected by microdialysis for 30 min. Subsequently, the concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and adenosine (ADO) were quantified using the high-performance liquid chromatography method. RESULTS: Compared with the healthy group, the ADO at PC 6 (P=0.012), PC 3 (P=0.038), PC 2 (P=0.024), and LI 15 (P=0.042) obviously increased in the model group, while no significant difference was observed at LI 11 (P=0.201). However, ATP, ADP, and AMP manifested no significant changes in these areas, except for ATP at LI 15 (P=0.036). CONCLUSIONS Myocardial ischemia could induce an increase in ADO at acupoints of the upper arm and shoulder area, suggesting that the body functional status could affect the responsiveness of acupoints. The status of these acupoints could be pathogenically activated by disease, and distribution following some specific courses.

Objective To analyze the resistance of influenza virus to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) in Henan province during 2017-2018. Methods Virus were collected from the Henan Influenza Surveillance Network during 2017-2018. 36 confirmed influenza virus(with 15 H1pdm09，6 H3N2 and 15 B) were selected to test resistance to oseltamivir and zanamivi with fluorescence(FL). The NAI sensitive reference viruses were A/California/12/2012(H1pdm09)-275H,A/Beijing Haidian/1942/2014(H3N2)-119E and B/Rochester/02/2001-198D. The NAI resistant reference viruses were A/ Texas/23/2012(H1pdm9)-H275Y, A/Texas/12/2007(H3N2)-E119V and B/Rochester/02/2001-D198N. Results The half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) of A/California/12/2012(H1pdm09)-275H, A/Beijing-Haidian/1942/2014(H3N2)-119E and B/Rochester/02/2001-198D for oseltamivir were 0.29 nmol/L (nM),0.10 nM and 12.71 nM, and for zanamivir were 0.2 nM, 0.49 nM and 0.33 nM respectively. The IC50 for oxastatin of H1pdm09 and H3N2 ranged from (0.28-1.37 nM) and (0.08-0.17 nM) respectively, the IC50 for zanamivir ranged from (0.15-0.49 nM) and (0.12-0.22 nM), all was within 10 fold IC50 of the reference virus(corresponding type); the IC50 value of type B for oseltamivir and zanamivir ranged from (11.83-24.59 nM) and (0.48-1.25 nM), all was within 5 fold IC50 of the reference virus. Conclusion All the tested influenza strains isolated in Henan province during 2017-2018 were sensitive to NAI.

Objective To investigate the condition of utilization of glasses aids adaption in Shanghai. Methods The numbers who accepted the services, funds invested, the models, etc. in 16 districts of Shanghai between 2012 and 2014 were collected, and analyzed with descriptive analysis, concentration index and correlation analysis. Results A total of 17,498 persons accepted glasses aids adaption services, which cost 335.37 yuan per person. The concentration index was 0.0951. Conclusion The glasses aids adaption service works well in Shanghai, but is variable among the districts.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of transverse insertion of thick needles into the Du meridian in treating rat ischemic facial paralysis and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism by which it produces a therapeutic effect. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly allocated to groups A (transverse insertion of thick needles), B (basic Western drugs), C (blank control) and D (sham operation), 15 rats each. A rat model of ischemic facial paralysis was made using a modified vascular occlusion method in all the rats. Facial nerve deficits were scored in every group of rats during treatment. At 1 day after model making, group A was treated by transverse insertion into point Shendao and 4-hour retention of needle, once daily, for a total of 14 days; group B was treated by an oral gavage of prednisone and intraperitoneal injection of vitamine B12, once daily, for a total of 14 days. Groups C and D were not treated. In 4 rats randomly chosen at 3, 7 or 14 days after model making, facial nerve concomitant intrinsic vascular tissue HIF-1αprotein was measured by an immunohistochemical method; serum NO, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; serum ET content, by radioimmunoassay.Results After 7 days of treatment, the neurological deficit score increased gradually in groups A and B and there was a statistically significant difference compared with after model making in the two groups (P<0.01). After 7 days of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in the neurological deficit score in groups A and B compared with groups C and D (P<0.05) and between groups C and D (P<0.05). After 14 days of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in the neurological deficit score between group A or B and group C (P<0.05) and between group B or C and group D (P<0.05). In group A, there was a statistically significant difference in the neurological deficit score after 14 days of treatment compared with after 7 days of treatment (P<0.05). After 3, 7 and 14 days of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in HIF-1αMOD value in groups A , B and C compared with group D (P<0.01). After 3 and 7 days of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in HIF-1αMOD value between group A or B and group C (P<0.05). In groups A and B, there was a statistically significant difference in HIF-1αMOD value after 3 and 14 days of treatment compared with after 7 days of treatment (P<0.05). After 3 and 7 days of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in serum NO content between group A or B and group D (P<0.01). In groups A and B, there was a statistically significant difference in serum NO content after 7 days of treatment compared with after 3 days of treatment (P<0.05). After 3 and 7 days of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in serum ET content in groups A , B and C compared with group D (P<0.05). In groups A and B, there was a statistically significant difference in serum ET content after 7 days of treatment compared with after 3 days of treatment (P<0.05).Conclusions Transverse insertion of thick needles into the Du meridian can effectively promote rat’s recovery from ischemic facial paralysis. The mechanism by which it produces a therapeutic effect may be regulating the expression of tissue HIF-1α and the NO and ET contents of serum.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the Th17 cell and Treg cell levels in patients with sarcoidosis, and their relation to disease activation and glucocorticoids treatment.

METHODSTwenty-three sarcoidosis patients admitted in Yinzhou People's Hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 and 25 healthy subjects (controls) were included in this study. The blood samples and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected in all patients before and after glucocorticoids treatment. The serum angiotensin converting enzyme (SACE) levels were detected. The percentages of Th17 cells and Treg cells in peripheral blood and BALF were determined by flow cytometry, the concentrations of cytokines in serum and supernatants of BALF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of ROR-γt and Foxp3 mRNA transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The potential correlation between the percentages of Th17 or Treg cells and SACE levels was evaluated.

RESULTSCompared with healthy controls, significantly higher frequencies of Th17 cells (4.34%±0.89% vs 1.60% ± 0.42%), lower frequencies of Treg cells (1.28% ± 0.37% vs 3.39% ± 0.50%) in peripheral blood were observed. Higher level of ROR-γt mRNA (21.31 ± 3.55 vs 3.63 ± 1.00) and lower level of Foxp3 mRNA (1.60 ± 0.24 vs 3.12 ± 0.76) in peripheral blood were detected in sarcoidosis patients in active stage (before glucocorticoids treatment) (all P<0.01). After the treatment of glucocorticoids, these index in peripheral blood were significantly improved (Th17 cells 2.16% ± 0.68%，Treg cells 2.21% ± 0.42%, ROR-γt mRNA 10.15 ± 1.93, Foxp3 mRNA 2.44 ± 0.38) ( all P<0.05). The changing trends of Th17 and Treg cell cytokines levels in serum were consistent with two type cells. Meanwhile, the changing trends of above index in BALF of patients treated by glucocorticoids were consistent with those in sarcoidosis patients in active stage. The increased ratios of Th17 cells to Treg cells were positively correlated with the level of serum SACE (r= 0.781).

CONCLUSIONThe imbalance of Th17 cells and Treg cells in peripheral blood and airway may be involved in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, which was associated with the activity of disease, and the treatment of glucocorticoids may achieve a therapeutic effect by correcting the immune imbalance.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Case-Control Studies ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 ; metabolism ; Sarcoidosis ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology ; Th17 Cells ; immunology

Objective:To investigate the Th17 cell and Treg cell levels in patients with sarcoidosis , and their relation to disease activation and glucocorticoids treatment . Methods:Twenty-three sarcoidosis patients admitted in Yinzhou People's Hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 and 25 healthy subjects ( controls ) were included in this study .The blood samples and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) samples were collected in all patients before and after glucocorticoids treatment . The serum angiotensin converting enzyme (SACE) levels were detected.The percentages of Th17 cells and Treg cells in peripheral blood and BALF were determined by flow cytometry , the concentrations of cytokines in serum and supernatants of BALF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The levels of ROR-γt and Foxp3 mRNA transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC) were determined by real-time quantitative PCR .The potential correlation between the percentages of Th 17 or Treg cells and SACE levels was evaluated . Results: Compared with healthy controls , significantly higher frequencies of Th17 cells (4.34%±0.89%vs 1.60%±0.42%), lower frequencies of Treg cells (1.28%±0.37% vs 3.39%±0.50%) in peripheral blood were observed.Higher level of ROR-γt mRNA (21.31 ±3.55 vs 3.63 ±1.00) and lower level of Foxp3 mRNA (1.60 ±0.24 vs 3.12 ±0.76) in peripheral blood were detected in sarcoidosis patients in active stage ( before glucocorticoids treatment ) ( all P<0 .01 ) .After the treatment of glucocorticoids , these index in peripheral blood were significantly improved (Th17 cells 2.16%±0.68%,Treg cells 2.21%±0.42%, ROR-γt mRNA 10.15 ±1.93, Foxp3 mRNA 2.44 ±0.38) ( all P <0.05).The changing trends of Th 17 and Treg cell cytokines levels in serum were consistent with two type cells.Meanwhile, the changing trends of above index in BALF of patients treated by glucocorticoids were consistent with those in sarcoidosis patients in active stage .The increased ratios of Th17 cells to Treg cells were positively correlated with the level of serum SACE (r=0.781).Conclusion:The imbalance of Th17 cells and Treg cells in peripheral blood and airway may be involved in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis , which was associated with the activity of disease , and the treatment of glucocorticoids may achieve a therapeutic effect by correcting the immune imbalance .