Objective To design a wearable cardiopulmonary monitoring system and validate its performance through preliminary human trials.Methods The wearable cardiopulmonary monitoring system was composed of a data collector,a wearing vest and an information management platform.The data collector used an EFM32GG330 SCM as the main microcon-troller unit(MCU),which included a respiratory modulation module,an ECG modulation module,a body position modulation module,a wireless communication module(involving in a Bluetooth module and a Wi-Fi module),a storage module and a power management module.The wearable vest had a cardigan-type structure,and was equipped with ECG sensors and respiratory motion sensors at its inner side.The information management platform was developed with Client/Server(C/S)architecture and Java/JavaScript.The system developed was compared with Mindray's IPM10 Patient Monitor routinely used in hospitals through preliminary human trials to verify its effectiveness in monitoring human heart rate and respiratory rate.Results The system developed could continuously monitor the human heart rate and respiratory rate for a long time,and the monitoring results had high consistency with those of Mindray's IPM10 Patient Monitor.Conclusion The system can be used for medical monitoring of cardiopulmonary indicators during training or exercise,providing accurate physiological information for health management.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(4):51-55]

Radiotherapy is widely used in the management of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the clinical efficacy is limited by the safe irradiated dose. Sensitizing tumor cells to radiotherapy via interrupting DNA repair is a promising approach to conquering the limitation. The BRCA1-BARD1 complex has been demonstrated to play a critical role in homologous recombination (HR) DSB repair, and its functions may be affected by HERC2 or BAP1. Accumulated evidence illustrates that the ubiquitination-deubiquitination balance is involved in these processes; however, the precise mechanism for the cross-talk among these proteins in HR repair following radiation hasn't been defined. Through activity-based profiling, we identified PT33 as an active entity for HR repair suppression. Subsequently, we revealed that BAP1 serves as a novel molecular target of PT33 via a CRISPR-based deubiquitinase screen. Mechanistically, pharmacological covalent inhibition of BAP1 with PT33 recruits HERC2 to compete with BARD1 for BRCA1 interaction, interrupting HR repair. Consequently, PT33 treatment can substantially enhance the sensitivity of CRC cells to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these findings provide a mechanistic basis for PT33-induced HR suppression and may guide an effective strategy to improve therapeutic gain.

Tumor brings great threat to human public health. In recent years, incidence rate and mortality of tumor were rapidly increased in the world. Anti-tumor therapies have undergone the development of cytotoxic therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Among them, tumor immunotherapy is rapidly developed and becomes an important anti-tumor therapy in recent years, although it also brings some related side effects. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of immune cells, vascular vessels, fibroblasts, the extracellular matrix, etc. TME significantly affects the efficacy of immunotherapy. Macrophages in the TME are named as tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). Recently, increasing studies have shown that TAMs play an important role in the regulation of tumor immunity, especially in tumor immune surveillance and immune escape. Currently, more and more anti-tumor immunotherapy strategies targeting TAMs are at the development stage. Based on the important role of TAMs in the TME and their potential as therapeutic targets in tumor immunotherapy, we first reviewed the subtypes and functions of TAMs, as well as the roles of TAMs in tumors. Furthermore, we summarized the research progress on anti-tumor strategies targeting TAMs and the current status of drug targeting TAMs. The current review will provide new ideas and novel insights for tumor immunotherapy.

Posterior cataract opacification(PCO)is the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)of residual lens epithelial cells(LECs)after cataract surgery, resulting in opaque scar which is one of the main complications of cataract surgery. A large amount of fibronectin(FN)produced by LECs after cataract surgery binds to a variety of cell surface receptors, matrix components and growth factors to regulate cell behavior. The purpose of this article is to review the literatures on the treatment of PCO targeting fibronectin and provide references for clinical treatment of PCO. In this paper, the research status of fibronectin in PCO in recent years is reviewed.

Objective: To explore the distribution patterns of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in elderly patients with colorectal cancer, and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular metabolic diseases in these patients. Methods: Clinical data of 3 894 elderly patients with colorectal cancer from January 2008 to March 2018 admitted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital were recruited and the incidence rate of CMD was retrospectively analyzed. The influence factors of elderly patients with colorectal cancer combined with CMD were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression model. Results: The morbidity rate of CMD in elderly patients with colorectal cancer is 33.4% (1 301/3 894), among them, the morbidity rate of the male was 31.9% (768/2 409), and that of the female was 35.9% (533/1 485). There was not significant difference between these two sex (P=0.074). The morbidity rates of CMD in patients of 65-74 years, 75-84 years and ≥85 years were 30.6% (754/2 462), 37.0% (479/1 294) and 49.3% (68/138), respectively, with significant differences (P<0.001). Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that female (OR=1.213, 95%CI: 1.056-1.394), age (75-84 years group: OR=1.344, 95%CI: 1.164-1.552; ≥85 years group: OR=2.345, 95%CI: 1.651-3.331) and body mass index (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2) group: OR=1.319, 95%CI: 1.065-1.638; ≥25 kg/m(2) group: OR=2.041, 95%CI: 1.627-2.561) were independent risk factors for elderly colorectal cancer patients with CMD. Conclusion: The morbidity rate of CMD in elderly patients with colorectal cancer increases with age and it is urgent to strengthen multidisciplinary cooperation and develop reasonable treatment plans to extend the survival and life quality of these patients.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; China/epidemiology* ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of dasatinib on the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) derived from healthy donors (HDs) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from HDs (n=10) and CML patients (n=10) who had got the remission of MR4.5 with imatinib treatment. The generation of moDCs from PBMCs was completed after 7 days of incubation in DC I culture medium, and another 3 days of incubation in DC II culture medium with or without 25 nmol/L dasatinib. On the 10th day, cells were harvested and expression of molecules of maturation related marker were assessed by flow cytometry. The CD80⁺CD86⁺ cell population in total cells was gated as DCs in the fluorescence-activated cell storting (FACS) analyzing system, then the expression of CD83, CD40 or HLA-DR in this population was analyzed respectively. RESULTS: The proportion of CD80⁺CD86⁺ cells in total cells didn't show a statistical difference between HD group and patient group (89.46%±9.70% vs 87.39%±9.34%, P=0.690). Dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40 (P=0.008) and HLA-DR (P=0.028) on moDCs derived from HDs compared with the control group, while the expression of CD83 on moDCs didn't show a significant difference between dasatinib group and the control group (P=0.428). Meanwhile, dasatinib significantly enhanced the expression of the surface marker CD40 (P=0.023), CD83 (P=0.038) and HLA-DR (P=0.001) on moDCs derived from patients compared with the control group. CONCLUSION For CML patients, the same high proportion of moDCs as HDs can be induced in vitro, which provides a basis for the application of DC-based immunotherapy strategy. Dasatinib at the concentration of 25 nmol/L can efficiently promote the maturation of moDCs derived from HDs and CML patients in vitro. Dasatinib shows potential as a DC adjuvant to be applied in DC-based immunotherapy strategies, such as DC vaccine and DC cell-therapy.
Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Dasatinib/pharmacology* ; Dendritic Cells ; HLA-DR Antigens/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism* ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Monocytes

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the risk factors for refracture of adjacent vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in super-old patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients(age≥90 years) with OVCFs who underwent PVP between June 2012 and June 2019. There were 7 males and 33 females, age from 90 to 101 years old with an average of (94.6±1.6) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether adjacent vertebral refracture occurred after PVP. Among them, 20 patients occurred refracture after PVP (refracture group) and 20 patients did not occur it(control group). The general information, radiological data and pelvic parameters of the two groups were collected. The items included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), fracture site and bone mineral density(BMD) T-value, fracture to operation time, compression degree of injured vertebra, recovery degree of anterior edge of injured vertebra, bone cement injection amount, bone cement leakage, pelvic index(PI), pelvic tilt angle (PT), sacral angle(SS), et al. Factors that may be related to refracture were included in the single-factor study, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed on the risk factors with statistical significance in the single-factor analysis to further clarify the independent risk factors for refracture of adjacent vertebral bodies after PVP. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, gender, fracture site, fracture to operation time, compression degree of injured vertebra and recovery degree of anterior edge of injured vertebra between two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in BMI, BMD T-value, bone cement injection amount and bone cement leakage rate between two groups(P<0.05). The PI and PT values of the refracture group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in SS between two groups (P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that decreased BMD T-value, bone cement leakage, increased PT and PI values increased the risk of recurrence of adjacent vertebral fractures in OVCFs (P<0.05). CONCLUSION There are many risk factors for the recurrence of adjacent vertebral fractures in super-old patients with OVCFs. Patients with high PI and PT values may be one of the risk factors.
Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Cements ; Female ; Fractures, Compression/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporotic Fractures/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Spinal Fractures/surgery* ; Spine ; Treatment Outcome ; Vertebroplasty/adverse effects*

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of genomic instability of epithelial cadherin 1 (CDH1) gene and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer. METHODS: In total 120 paraffin-embedded gastric cancer tissue specimen were prepared, and genomic DNA was extracted. The genomic instability of the CDH1 gene was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and silver staining PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism. RESULTS: The number of information individuals (heterozygotes) was 98 for the D16S752 locus. The detection rates for microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the D16S752 locus and the positive rate of CDH1 protein were 19.39%, 16.33% and 51.02%, respectively. The detection rate of MSI in TNM stages I or II was significantly higher than that in stages III or IV (P<0.05) while the detection rate of LOH was significantly lower than that in stages III or IV (P<0.05). The positive rate of CDH1 protein in TNM stages III or IV was significantly lower than that in stages I or II (P<0.05). The detection rate of MSI of cases with lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that of without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05) while the detection rate of LOH was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positive rate of CDH1 protein in patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that in patients without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positive rate of CDH1 protein in MSI-positive group was significantly higher than that in MSI-negative group (P<0.05), and the positive rate of CDH1 protein in the LOH-positive group was significantly lower than that the LOH-negative group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The genomic instability of the CDH1 gene is associated with the progression of gastric cancer. MSI at the D16S752 locus may be used as a molecular marker for early gastric cancer, while LOH at this locus mostly occurs in advanced gastric cancer and can be regarded as an effective indicators for malignancy evaluation and prognosis.
Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Cdh1 Proteins/genetics* ; Microsatellite Instability ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Genomic Instability ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Antigens, CD/genetics* ; Cadherins/genetics*

Many therapies are effective in treating varicoceles, including dilation of the pampiniform plexus in males. The most common method of treatment is varicocelectomy. We aimed to assess an alternative technique (microsurgical spermatic [distal end]-superficial or inferior epigastric vein anastomosis) that preserves the normal blood flow pattern for varicocele treatment. We retrospectively analyzed 27 men with varicocele between October 2019 and July 2020. All patients underwent microsurgical spermatic (distal end)-superficial or inferior epigastric vein anastomosis. The prognosis was reviewed retrospectively with an additional survey conducted 3 months after surgery. The mean ± standard deviation of the age was 26.1 ± 7.3 years in patients with microsurgical spermatic (distal end)-superficial or inferior epigastric vein anastomosis. The maximum diameter of the varicocele vein, perineal pain score, sperm density, and forward movement of sperm improved over 3 months after surgery. Microsurgical spermatic (distal end)-superficial or inferior epigastric vein anastomosis is a safe and efficient surgical treatment for varicoceles.
Humans ; Male ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Varicocele/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Microsurgery/methods* ; Semen ; Anastomosis, Surgical/methods* ; Spermatozoa ; Pain/surgery*

BACKGROUND: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, but its burden is not uniform. GLOBOCAN 2020 has newly updated the estimates of cancer burden. This study summarizes the most recent changing profiles of cancer burden worldwide and in China and compares the cancer data of China with those of other regions. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive secondary analysis of the GLOBOCAN 2020 data. To depict the changing global profile of the leading cancer types in 2020 compared with 2018, we extracted the numbers of cases and deaths in 2018 from GLOBOCAN 2018. We also obtained cancer incidence and mortality from the 2015 National Cancer Registry Report in China when sorting the leading cancer types by new cases and deaths. For the leading cancer types according to sex in China, we summarized the estimated numbers of incidence and mortality, and calculated China's percentage of the global new cases and deaths. RESULTS: Breast cancer displaced lung cancer to become the most leading diagnosed cancer worldwide in 2020. Lung, liver, stomach, breast, and colon cancers were the top five leading causes of cancer-related death, among which liver cancer changed from the third-highest cancer mortality in 2018 to the second-highest in 2020. China accounted for 24% of newly diagnosed cases and 30% of the cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020. Among the 185 countries included in the database, China's age-standardized incidence rate (204.8 per 100,000) ranked 65th and the age-standardized mortality rate (129.4 per 100,000) ranked 13th. The two rates were above the global average. Lung cancer remained the most common cancer type and the leading cause of cancer death in China. However, breast cancer became the most frequent cancer type among women if the incidence was stratified by sex. Incidences of colorectal cancer and breast cancer increased rapidly. The leading causes of cancer death varied minimally in ranking from 2015 to 2020 in China. Gastrointestinal cancers, including stomach, colorectal, liver, and esophageal cancers, contributed to a massive burden of cancer for both sexes. CONCLUSIONS The burden of breast cancer is increasing globally. China is undergoing cancer transition with an increasing burden of lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, and breast cancers. The mortality rate of cancer in China is high. Comprehensive strategies are urgently needed to target China's changing profiles of the cancer burden.
China/epidemiology* ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; Male ; Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Registries