Background: This study compares ultrasound and surgical findings of anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease. Methods: Seventy-four wrists from patients with unilateral de Quervain’s disease were examined through ultrasonography and surgery. Presence of intracompartment septum, abductor pollicis longus (APL) slips, and selective stenosis were verified by both methods. Two orthopedic surgeons assessed ultrasound findings for intra- and interobserver reliability. Results: Amongst 74 participants (43 women and 31 men), 60.8% had a complete septum, 31.1% had an incomplete septum, and 8.1% had no septum; 70.3% had multi-slip APL and 66.2% had extensor pollicis brevis stenosis. Surgical and ultrasonographic findings displayed a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Intraobserver reliability was high, and interobserver reliability was substantial. Conclusions The study confirms ultrasonography’s reliability in identifying anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease, with high sensitivity, specificity, and substantial intra- and interobserver reliability, emphasizing its usefulness in preoperative assessment and planning.

Background: This study compares ultrasound and surgical findings of anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease. Methods: Seventy-four wrists from patients with unilateral de Quervain’s disease were examined through ultrasonography and surgery. Presence of intracompartment septum, abductor pollicis longus (APL) slips, and selective stenosis were verified by both methods. Two orthopedic surgeons assessed ultrasound findings for intra- and interobserver reliability. Results: Amongst 74 participants (43 women and 31 men), 60.8% had a complete septum, 31.1% had an incomplete septum, and 8.1% had no septum; 70.3% had multi-slip APL and 66.2% had extensor pollicis brevis stenosis. Surgical and ultrasonographic findings displayed a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Intraobserver reliability was high, and interobserver reliability was substantial. Conclusions The study confirms ultrasonography’s reliability in identifying anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease, with high sensitivity, specificity, and substantial intra- and interobserver reliability, emphasizing its usefulness in preoperative assessment and planning.

Background: This study compares ultrasound and surgical findings of anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease. Methods: Seventy-four wrists from patients with unilateral de Quervain’s disease were examined through ultrasonography and surgery. Presence of intracompartment septum, abductor pollicis longus (APL) slips, and selective stenosis were verified by both methods. Two orthopedic surgeons assessed ultrasound findings for intra- and interobserver reliability. Results: Amongst 74 participants (43 women and 31 men), 60.8% had a complete septum, 31.1% had an incomplete septum, and 8.1% had no septum; 70.3% had multi-slip APL and 66.2% had extensor pollicis brevis stenosis. Surgical and ultrasonographic findings displayed a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Intraobserver reliability was high, and interobserver reliability was substantial. Conclusions The study confirms ultrasonography’s reliability in identifying anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease, with high sensitivity, specificity, and substantial intra- and interobserver reliability, emphasizing its usefulness in preoperative assessment and planning.

Background: This study compares ultrasound and surgical findings of anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease. Methods: Seventy-four wrists from patients with unilateral de Quervain’s disease were examined through ultrasonography and surgery. Presence of intracompartment septum, abductor pollicis longus (APL) slips, and selective stenosis were verified by both methods. Two orthopedic surgeons assessed ultrasound findings for intra- and interobserver reliability. Results: Amongst 74 participants (43 women and 31 men), 60.8% had a complete septum, 31.1% had an incomplete septum, and 8.1% had no septum; 70.3% had multi-slip APL and 66.2% had extensor pollicis brevis stenosis. Surgical and ultrasonographic findings displayed a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Intraobserver reliability was high, and interobserver reliability was substantial. Conclusions The study confirms ultrasonography’s reliability in identifying anatomical variations in de Quervain’s disease, with high sensitivity, specificity, and substantial intra- and interobserver reliability, emphasizing its usefulness in preoperative assessment and planning.

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of case-based learning (CBL) within a basic-clinical integrated educational program using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model. Methods: The CBL program was integrated into the Pharmacology–Clinical Case Practice component of the pharmacology course, a mandatory course for first-year medical students. To evaluate the program, a CIPP model-based questionnaire was developed, assessing needs, goals, resources, educational management, and outcomes. To ensure the reliability and validity of the variables, factor analysis was performed, reducing an initial set of 28 items to 18 final observation variables distributed across four factors. The survey, designed to measure learner satisfaction, was administered to 37 students who participated in the Pharmacology–Clinical Case Practice course during the first semester of 2022. Results: Participants rated their satisfaction with the CBL program based on the CIPP model (on a 5-point scale), giving an average score of 4.17. This suggests that learners who followed the CBL program combining basic and clinical components generally found the program operationally effective with positive outcomes. Conclusion The teaching model and evaluation model applied in this study can be utilized in various majors when operating CBL classes that link basic and clinical education in medical schools in the future.

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of case-based learning (CBL) within a basic-clinical integrated educational program using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model. Methods: The CBL program was integrated into the Pharmacology–Clinical Case Practice component of the pharmacology course, a mandatory course for first-year medical students. To evaluate the program, a CIPP model-based questionnaire was developed, assessing needs, goals, resources, educational management, and outcomes. To ensure the reliability and validity of the variables, factor analysis was performed, reducing an initial set of 28 items to 18 final observation variables distributed across four factors. The survey, designed to measure learner satisfaction, was administered to 37 students who participated in the Pharmacology–Clinical Case Practice course during the first semester of 2022. Results: Participants rated their satisfaction with the CBL program based on the CIPP model (on a 5-point scale), giving an average score of 4.17. This suggests that learners who followed the CBL program combining basic and clinical components generally found the program operationally effective with positive outcomes. Conclusion The teaching model and evaluation model applied in this study can be utilized in various majors when operating CBL classes that link basic and clinical education in medical schools in the future.

Purpose: This study evaluates the viability of a new method that employs transperineal targeted biopsy with frozen section analysis immediately followed by robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), bypassing the traditional systematic biopsy deemed essential by current guidelines. Materials and Methods: Patient selection was based on the following inclusion criteria: those who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy with frozen section analysis and concurrent RARP. Eligibility also required features indicative of Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 5 lesion on multiparametric MRI, along with one of these additional criteria: (1) MRI evidence suggesting extracapsular extension (ECE) with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level >10 ng/mL, or (2) a PSA level > 20 ng/mL. Results: Twelve patients were enrolled in this study according to inclusion criteria. The median age (interquartile range) was 73.5 (69.5–75.3) years and PSA was 22.9 (17.0–29.9) ng/mL. Three patients had PI-RADS 5 lesions, and 9 had PI-RADS 5 lesions with findings of ECE. In all cases, the diagnosis based on frozen sections confirmed adenocarcinoma. Following confirmation, each patient underwent immediate RARP. According to the final pathology report, 2 patients had International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 2 disease, 7 patients had ISUP grade 3, 1 had ISUP grade 4, and 2 had ISUP grade 5 disease. Four patients had stage pT2 disease, 3 had stage pT3a, and 5 had stage pT3b. The median immediate reporting time of the target biopsy frozen section was 20 (19.3–24.5) minutes. No perioperative complications related to target biopsy were observed. Conclusion For patients with a strong suspicion of prostate cancer and a PI-RADS 5 lesion, integrating simultaneous prostate frozen target biopsy with radical prostatectomy may offer a feasible treatment alternative, obviating the necessity for a preoperative systematic biopsy.

Purpose: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is considered a microvascular disorder and serves as an indicator for the potential development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) reflects early myocardial damage caused by microvascular disorders, the association between ED and LVDD remains poorly elucidated. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 patients with ED. They underwent RigiScan, and conventional echocardiography, and attempted International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. ED severity was evaluated by measuring changes in the penile base circumference and duration of penile rigidity (≥70%) during erection. The early diastolic velocity of mitral inflow (E) and early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus (e′) were measured using echocardiography. The patients were grouped based on the presence of CVD. Results: Among 123 patients, 29 had CVD and 94 did not. Patients with CVD exhibited more pronounced ED and more severe LVDD. Associations between increased penile circumference with echocardiographic parameters were more prominent in patients with CVD than in those without CVD (ΔTtop and e′ wave, r=0.508 and r=0.282, respectively, p for interaction=0.033; ΔTbase and E/e′ ratio, r=-0.338 and r=-0.293, respectively, p for interaction <0.001). In the multivariate linear regression, the increase of penile base circumference was an independent risk factor for LVDD (e′, B=0.503; E/e′ ratio, B=-1.416, respectively, p<0.001). Conclusions ED severity correlated well with LV diastolic dysfunction, particularly in the presence of CVD. This study highlighted the potential role of ED assessment as early indicator of CVD development.

Purpose: This study evaluates the viability of a new method that employs transperineal targeted biopsy with frozen section analysis immediately followed by robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), bypassing the traditional systematic biopsy deemed essential by current guidelines. Materials and Methods: Patient selection was based on the following inclusion criteria: those who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy with frozen section analysis and concurrent RARP. Eligibility also required features indicative of Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 5 lesion on multiparametric MRI, along with one of these additional criteria: (1) MRI evidence suggesting extracapsular extension (ECE) with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level >10 ng/mL, or (2) a PSA level > 20 ng/mL. Results: Twelve patients were enrolled in this study according to inclusion criteria. The median age (interquartile range) was 73.5 (69.5–75.3) years and PSA was 22.9 (17.0–29.9) ng/mL. Three patients had PI-RADS 5 lesions, and 9 had PI-RADS 5 lesions with findings of ECE. In all cases, the diagnosis based on frozen sections confirmed adenocarcinoma. Following confirmation, each patient underwent immediate RARP. According to the final pathology report, 2 patients had International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 2 disease, 7 patients had ISUP grade 3, 1 had ISUP grade 4, and 2 had ISUP grade 5 disease. Four patients had stage pT2 disease, 3 had stage pT3a, and 5 had stage pT3b. The median immediate reporting time of the target biopsy frozen section was 20 (19.3–24.5) minutes. No perioperative complications related to target biopsy were observed. Conclusion For patients with a strong suspicion of prostate cancer and a PI-RADS 5 lesion, integrating simultaneous prostate frozen target biopsy with radical prostatectomy may offer a feasible treatment alternative, obviating the necessity for a preoperative systematic biopsy.

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of case-based learning (CBL) within a basic-clinical integrated educational program using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model. Methods: The CBL program was integrated into the Pharmacology–Clinical Case Practice component of the pharmacology course, a mandatory course for first-year medical students. To evaluate the program, a CIPP model-based questionnaire was developed, assessing needs, goals, resources, educational management, and outcomes. To ensure the reliability and validity of the variables, factor analysis was performed, reducing an initial set of 28 items to 18 final observation variables distributed across four factors. The survey, designed to measure learner satisfaction, was administered to 37 students who participated in the Pharmacology–Clinical Case Practice course during the first semester of 2022. Results: Participants rated their satisfaction with the CBL program based on the CIPP model (on a 5-point scale), giving an average score of 4.17. This suggests that learners who followed the CBL program combining basic and clinical components generally found the program operationally effective with positive outcomes. Conclusion The teaching model and evaluation model applied in this study can be utilized in various majors when operating CBL classes that link basic and clinical education in medical schools in the future.