Objective:To explore the application effect of PBL teaching guided by anesthesia plan in clinical teaching of anesthesia undergraduate practice.Methods:A total of 34 anesthesiology undergraduates who practiced in Daqing Oilfield General Hospital/The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from January 2020 to September 2020 were selected and randomly divided into experimental group ( n=17) and control group ( n=17). The experimental group adopted PBL teaching guided by anesthesia plan, while the control group adopted traditional teaching. The theoretical assessment results, case analysis assessment results, and clinical skills assessment results of the two groups of undergraduate interns were compared and analyzed. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the students' comprehensive ability. SPSS 22.0 was used for t test. Results:The scores and total scores of theoretical knowledge and anesthesia skills in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Before learning, there was no significant difference in scores and total scores of comprehensive ability between the two groups ( P>0.05); after learning, the comprehensive ability of the two groups of students were improved, and those of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:PBL teaching guided by anesthesia plan can effectively improve the mastery of theoretical knowledge, clinical operation skills and case analysis ability of anesthesia undergraduate interns, and the teaching effect is good, which is worthy of further promotion.