Objective: To investigate the misdiagnosis of area postrema syndrome (APS) manifesting as intractable nausea, vomiting and hiccups in neuromyelitis optic spectrum disease (NMOSD) and reduce the risk of misdiagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from NMOSD patients attending the Department of Neurology at the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital between January 2019 and July 2021. SPSS25.0 was then used to analyze the manifestations, misdiagnosis, and mistreatment of APS. Results: A total of 207 patients with NMOSD were included, including 21 males and 186 females. The mean age of onset was 39±15 years (range: 5-72 years). The proportion of patients who were positive for serum aquaporin 4 antibody was 82.6% (171/207). In total, 35.7% (74/207) of the NMOSD patients experienced APS during the disease course; of these patients, 70.3% (52/74) had APS as the first symptom and 29.7% (22/74) had APS as a secondary symptom. The misdiagnosis rates for these conditions were 90.4% (47/52) and 50.0% (11/22), respectively. As the first symptom, 19.2% (10/52) of patients during APS presented only with intractable nausea, vomiting and hiccups; 80.8% (42/52) of patients experienced other neurological symptoms. The Departments of Gastroenterology and General Medicine were the departments that most frequently made the first diagnosis of APS, accounting for 54.1% and 17.6% of patients, respectively. The most common misdiagnoses related to diseases of the digestive system and the median duration of misdiagnosis was 37 days. Conclusions: APS is a common symptom of NMOSD and is associated with a high rate of misdiagnosis. Other concomitant symptoms often occur with APS. Gaining an increased awareness of this disease/syndrome, obtaining a detailed patient history, and performing physical examinations are essential if we are to reduce and avoid misdiagnosis.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Neuromyelitis Optica/diagnosis* ; Area Postrema ; Retrospective Studies ; Hiccup/complications* ; Vomiting/etiology* ; Nausea/etiology* ; Inflammation ; Syndrome ; Autoantibodies ; Diagnostic Errors ; Aquaporin 4

BACKGROUND: Feeding intolerance (FI) among intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergoing early continuous enteral nutrition (EN) is related to poor outcomes. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors of FI in ICU patients. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 1057 patients who received early continuous EN via a nasogastric tube between January 2014 and August 2019. The prevalence of FI during the first 7 days of ICU stay was calculated, and the risk factors were investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of FI during the first 7 days of ICU stay was 10.95%. FI occurred in 159 of 1057 (15.04%) patients on ICU day 2, 114 of 977 (11.67%) patients on ICU day 3, and 86 of 715 (12.03%) patients on ICU day 7. Mechanical ventilation (MV) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.928, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.064-3.493, P  = 0.03) was an independent risk factor for FI defined by a gastric residual volume (GRV) of 200 mL and/or vomiting, and acute renal failure (OR: 3.445, 95% CI: 1.115-10.707, P  = 0.032) was an independent risk factor of FI defined by a GRV of 500 mL and/or vomiting. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was an independent predictor regardless of the FI defined by a GRV of 200 mL (OR: 2.064, 95% CI: 1.233-3.456, P  = 0.006) or 500 mL (OR: 6.199, 95% CI: 2.108-18.228, P  = 0.001) in the ICU patients. CONCLUSIONS FI occurs frequently in early ICU days, especially in patients receiving MV and CRRT. However, further investigation of a consensus definition of FI and risk factors is still warranted in future studies.
Critical Illness ; Enteral Nutrition/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vomiting/etiology*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of ginger-partitioned moxibustion on digestive tract reaction, quality of life and white blood cell count after chemotherapy in advanced malignant bone tumors patients. METHODS: A total of 64 patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 32 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with adriamycin combined with cisplatin (AP) chemotherapy. The patients in the control group were treated by tropisetron hydrochloride intravenous on preventing the vomiting 1 h before receiving chemotherapy. On the basis of the control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with ginger-partitioned moxibustion at Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Shenque (CV 8), and Zhongwan (CV 12) 2 h after chemotherapy, once a day, 30 min each time. The course of chemotherapy, ginger-partitioned moxibustion and tropisetron hydrochloride intravenous was 5 days. The digestive tract reaction rating, quality of life score and white blood cell count were compared 1 d before chemotherapy, 2 d after chemotherapy and 7 d after chemotherapy between the two groups. RESULTS: The number of 0 grade in digestive tract reaction 2 d and 7 d after chemotherapy in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( CONCLUSION Ginger-partitioned moxibustion can prevent and treat vomiting after chemotherapy in advanced malignant bone tumors, and improve the quality of life and white blood cell count of patients.
Acupuncture Points ; Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Ginger ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Quality of Life ; Vomiting/etiology*

INTRODUCTIONKnowing how patients value the quality of anaesthesia helps anaesthesiologists to customise their service. However, generalising findings from Western population-based willingness-to-pay studies across different cultures and societies might result in the oversight of some contextualised perspectives of the anaesthesia experience. This study aimed to capture the Singapore perspective of undesired post-anaesthesia outcomes.

METHODS132 patients recruited in a pre-anaesthetic evaluation clinic were given questionnaires describing ten possible post-anaesthetic outcomes. Outcomes were ranked for undesirability and assigned relative value through the hypothetical proportioning of SGD 100 to avoid their occurrence. Data was analysed with reference to patients' background and anaesthetic history.

RESULTSA response rate of 69.1% (n = 132/191) was achieved. Outcomes from the most to least undesirable were pain; vomiting; nausea; shivering; orodental trauma; sore throat; abrasions; somnolence; and thirst. Relative values allocated, in descending order, were pain; vomiting; nausea; orodental trauma; abrasions; sore throat; shivering; somnolence; and thirst.

CONCLUSIONSimilar to previous studies in Western populations, pain, vomiting and nausea were the top three adverse outcomes that Singapore patients wished to avoid. However, discrepancies with Western patients were seen in spending attitudes, possibly accounted for by differences in healthcare socioeconomics. This study provided a better understanding of Singapore patients' perspectives on post-anaesthesia adverse outcomes and could help to improve treatment strategy and resource management.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anesthesia ; adverse effects ; Anesthesiology ; methods ; Anesthetics ; Attitude to Health ; Female ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; etiology ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Postoperative Period ; Singapore ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective: To understand the epidemiologic characteristics of outbreaks, caused by norovirus-GⅡ.2、GⅡ.17 and GⅡ.4/Sydney in Guangdong Province from 2013 to 2017 and to provide scientific evidence for epidemic prevention and control. Methods: Incidence data of norovirus outbreaks in Guangdong from January 1(st) 2013 to November 30(th) 2017 were collected from Public Health Emergency Management Information System. RT-PCR was performed for every case of each outbreak to detect norovirus nucleic acid and gene sequencing was conducted to identify the genotype of norovirus. Characteristics of norovirus GⅡ.2, GⅡ.17 and GⅡ.4/Sydney outbreaks were analyzed. Directly standardized method was used to calculate the proportion of symtoms as diarrhea and vomitting. Results: From January 1(st) 2013 to November 30(th) 2017, a total of 167 norovirus outbreaks were reported in Guangdong, and 115 outbreaks were caused by norovirus GⅡ.2, GⅡ.17 and GⅡ.4/Sydney respectively. The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.2 accounted for 39.68% (25/63) in primary schools, 28.57% (18/63) in child care settings, 25.40% (16/63) in middle schools and 6.35% (4/63) in universities. Outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.17 accounted for 41.03% (16/39) in middle schools, 20.51% (8/39) at workplaces, 15.38% (6/39) in primary schools, 12.82% (5/39) in universities, 5.13% (2/39) in communities and child care settings respectively. The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.4/Sydney accounted for 53.85% (7/13) in universities, 15.38% (2/13) in child care settings and at workplaces respectively, 7.69%(1/13) in primary schools and middle schools respectively. The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.2 had 77.78% (49/63) of contact transmission, 17.46% (11/63) of food-borne transmission. The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.17 showed 53.85% (21/39) of food-borne transmission, 15.38% (6/39) of contract transmission, 12.82% (5/39) of water-borne transmission. The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.4/Sydney had 53.85% (7/13) of food-borne transmission, 38.46% (5/13) of the contact transmission. In terms of the clinical manifestations, the standardized proportion of vomit was 73.76% and the proportion of diarrhea was 42.85% in cases infected with norovirus GⅡ.2, the proportion of standardized of vomit was 76.37% and the proportion of diarrhea was 51.40% in cases infected with norovirus GⅡ.17, with the standardized proportion of vomit was 54.10% and the proportion of diarrhea was 55.95% in cases infected with norovirus GⅡ.4/Sydney. Conclusions: The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.2 through contact transmission mainly occurred in primary schools, child care settings and middle schools. The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.17 through food-borne transmission mainly occurred in middle schools and at workplaces. The outbreaks caused by norovirus GⅡ.4/Sydney food-borne transmission and contact mainly occurred in universities.
Adolescent ; Caliciviridae Infections/epidemiology* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea/etiology* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Epidemics ; Gastroenteritis/epidemiology* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Norovirus/isolation & purification* ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Vomiting/etiology*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of segmental pylorus-reservation gastrectomy in patients with early gastric cancer.

METHODA retrospective cohort study on clinical data of 6 patients strictly met the criteria of early gastric cancer locating in the middle of the stomach undergoing laparoscopic segmental gastrectomy from January 2014 to April 2016 at Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital was carried out. Preoperative clinical staging revealed T1N0M0 for all the cases. One case received endoscopic mucosa resection(EMR) first, and postoperative pathology showed moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma invading substratum of mucosa, so a complementary laparoscopic segmental gastrectomy was performed. Surgical procedure was laparoscopic segmental gastrectomy with D1 or D2 lymph node dissection. Vagus nerve was not reserved during lymph node dissection in lesser curvature side. Number of resected lymph node, postoperative complication and long-term gastric function were observed.

RESULTOf 6 cases, 3 were male and 3 were female with age ranging from 55 to 59 years old. The distal resection margin was (4.6±0.5) cm away from pylorus. The average number of resected lymph node was 18.3±7.5 without metastasis. Follow-up time was 1 to 29 months for all the 6 cases and no relapse or metastasis was found during the follow-up. In 4 cases with follow-up beyond 1 year, 3 cases had slight distension in superior belly after meal and dyspepsia; another one case had vomiting nocturnal occasionally. Gastroscope examination one year after operation found food residue in all the cases. Images indicated the decrease of stomach size in all the cases. Two cases had esophagogastric reflux. All the patients had delayed gastric emptying symptoms after operations and were relieved within one year.

CONCLUSIONSIt is technically feasible to perform laparoscopic segmental gastrectomy in patients with early gastric cancer. Whether vagus nerve should be reserved requires further investigation.

Female ; Gastrectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Gastroparesis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Lymph Node Excision ; adverse effects ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Vagus Nerve ; surgery ; Vomiting ; epidemiology ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy between moxa salt packets at acupoints combined with tropisetron hydrochloride and single use of tropisetron hydrochloride for cisplatin chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal reaction.

METHODSSixty patients with malignant tumor who met inclusive criteria and received chemotherapy for the first time were recruited and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. Between the first days and fifth day into the chemotherapy, the patients in the control group were treated with daily intravenous injection of tropisetron hydrochloride (5 mg), while patients in the observation group, based on the treatment of control group, were treated with moxa salt packets at Zhongwan (CV 12). The nausea and vomiting between the first days and fifth day into the chemotherapy were compared in the two groups, and the occurrence rates of adverse reactions within the first week into chemotherapy were recorded.

RESULTSBetween the second day and fifth day into the chemotherapy, the effective rate for nausea in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (all P < 0.05); between the third day and fifth day into the chemotherapy, the effective rate for vomiting in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (all P < 0.05); one week into the chemotherapy, the occurrence rate of constipation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe moxa salt packets combined with tropisetron hydrochloride can effectively reduce the cisplatin chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting as well as the occurrence rate of delayed-type vomiting, and improve the constipation, which is superior to single use of tropisetron hydrochloride.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Cisplatin ; adverse effects ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Nausea ; etiology ; therapy ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Vomiting ; etiology ; therapy

Transurethral resection has been the gold standard in the operative management of benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder tumor; however, it is associated with several complications that may cause patient discomfort. We evaluated the usefulness of continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation, hemodynamic status, and recovery profiles in patients undergoing elective surgery by a randomized clinical trial. Sixty patients aged 30 to 80 yr who were scheduled for elective transurethral resection under general anesthesia were included in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups (control group, group C; dexmedetomidine group, group D). A total of 60 male patients were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to group C (n=30) or group D (n=30). The quality of emergence in group D was marked by a significantly lower incidence of emergence agitation than in group C (P=0.015). Patients in group D therefore felt less discomfort induced by the indwelling Foley catheter than those in group C (P=0.022). No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to side effects including bradycardia (P=0.085), hypotension (P=0.640), and postoperative nausea and vomiting (P=0.389). Our study showed that intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion effectively reduced the incidence and intensity of emergence agitation and catheter-induced bladder discomfort without delaying recovery time and discharge time, thus providing smooth emergence during the recovery period in patients undergoing transurethral resection (Clinical Trial Registry No. KT0001683).
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia/etiology ; Dexmedetomidine/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Hypotension/etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea/etiology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/*surgery ; Psychomotor Agitation/*drug therapy ; *Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Vomiting/etiology

PURPOSE: Glufosinate poisoning can cause neurologic complications that may be difficult to treat due to delayed manifestation. Studies assessing possible predictors of complications are lacking. Although serum ammonia level is a potential predictor of severe neurotoxicity, it has only been assessed via case reports. Therefore, we investigated factors that predict neurologic complications in acute glufosinate-poisoned patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 45 consecutive glufosinate-poisoning cases that were diagnosed in the emergency department (ED) of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital between May 2007 and July 2014. Patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of <8, seizure, and/or amnesia were defined to a neurologic complication group. RESULTS: The neurologic complication group (29 patients, 64.4%) comprised patients with GCS<8 (27 patients, 60.0%), seizure (23 patients, 51.1%), and amnesia (5 patients, 11.1%). Non-neurologic complications included respiratory failure (14 patients, 31.1%), intubation and ventilator care (23 patients, 51.1%), shock (2 patients, 4.4%), pneumonia (16 patients, 35.6%), acute kidney injury (10 patients, 22.2%), and death (4 patients, 8.9%). Complications of GCS<8, seizure, respiratory failure, and intubation and ventilator care appeared during latent periods within 11 hrs, 34 hrs, 14 hrs, and 48 hrs, respectively. Initial serum ammonia was a predictor of neurologic complications [odds ratio 1.039, 95% confidence interval (1.001-1.078), p=0.046 and area under the curve 0.742]. CONCLUSION: Neurologic complications developed in 64.4% of patients with acute glufosinate poisoning. The most common complication was GCS<8. Initial serum ammonia level, which can be readily assessed in the ED, was a predictor of neurologic complications.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aminobutyrates/blood/*poisoning ; Ammonia/*blood ; *Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea/etiology ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/blood/immunology/*physiopathology ; Respiratory Insufficiency/etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures/etiology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Vomiting/etiology

OBJECTIVETo understand the clinical features of gastrointestinal cow's milk allergy in children, and to assess the importance of cow's milk challenge.

METHODAn analysis was performed on the clinical manifestations and the challenge results of 50 children who received cow's milk challenges after admission to the department of gastroenterology, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January,2009 to December, 2012. The value of immunoglobulin E antibody was also analyzed among the 50 children, 25 cases were male and the other 25 were female. The youngest subject was 1. 6 months old, and the oldest was 20 months, most of the cases were younger than 6 months (36 cases).

RESULT(1) Diarrhea (27 cases, 54%) and hematochezia (25 cases, 50%) were the most common clinical features, vomiting, hematemesis and abdominal distention were rare. (2) Cow's milk challenges failed in 58% of the cases, 90% of whom showed delayed allergy. Diarrhea (19 cases, 73%) was the major later presentation, whereas the immediate hypersensitivity showed angio-edema, gastrointestinal symptom and rash. (3) The neutrophil count ((3.8 ± 2.8) x 10(9)/L vs. (2.5 ± 1.3) x 10(9)/L) was higher after challenge among children who failed the challenge. The change in the count of blood cell, neutrophil and platelet was studied, however, there were no statistical differences between the challenge-failed children and the passed ones. (4) Forty-seven cases had milk specific immunoglobulin E antibody test, and 5 showed positive results, 4 of whom were seen among the challenge-failed children.

CONCLUSIONDiarrhea and hematochezia was the most common clinical manifestation, and cow's milk protein induced proctocolitis was the most common disease in practice. It is important and necessary to perform cow's milk challenge.

Animals ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; etiology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Hematemesis ; etiology ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; immunology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Milk ; Milk Hypersensitivity ; immunology ; Vomiting ; etiology