Adult ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; diagnosis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Martial Arts ; Muscle, Skeletal ; pathology ; Pain ; diagnosis ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; diagnosis ; Popliteal Artery ; physiopathology ; Singapore

We reviewed the data of 38 neonates who died of respiratory failure. Paraffin sections of the autopsy lung samples were examined with HE staining or immunolabeling for CD34, CD68 and CK to observe the development of the pulmonary vessels and detect potential pulmonary vascular diseases (PVDs). Five cases were identified to have PVDs, including pulmonary hypertensive vascular remodeling in 3 cases and alveolar capillary dysplasia in 2 cases. The result indicated that PVD was one of the important reasons for respiratory failure in these neonates.
Death ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Diseases ; diagnosis ; Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome ; pathology ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; abnormalities ; pathology ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; mortality ; Vascular Diseases ; diagnosis ; Vascular Remodeling

Adolescent ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Male ; Pelvis ; injuries ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging

Pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis is a complication of ablation therapy for arrhythmias. We report two cases with chronic lung parenchymal abnormalities showing no improvement and waxing and waning features, which were initially diagnosed as nonspecific pneumonias, and finally confirmed as PV stenosis. When a patient presents for nonspecific respiratory symptoms without evidence of infection after ablation therapy and image findings show chronic and repetitive parenchymal abnormalities confined in localized portion, the possibility of PV stenosis should be considered.
Atrial Fibrillation/surgery ; Catheter Ablation/*adverse effects/methods ; Constriction, Pathologic/diagnosis/*radiography ; *Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Lung/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Infarction/pathology/*radiography ; Pulmonary Veins/physiopathology/radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/adverse effects ; Vascular Diseases/physiopathology

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a relatively rare and moderately aggressive type of vascular tumor. We describe a case of EHE that presented in a 24-year-old woman as a palpable nodule in the left cervical area. Radiological examinations and fine-needle aspiration cytology led to a preliminary diagnosis of metastatic lymphadenopathy with an unknown primary site. However, during surgery, we determined that the nodule was an intra-vascular tumor arising from the left internal jugular vein. The histopathological examination revealed cords of epithelioid endothelial cells distributed in a hyaline stroma, compatible with a diagnosis of EHE.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Jugular Veins* ; Lymphatic Diseases* ; Pathology ; Vascular Diseases ; Young Adult

Diagnosis, Differential ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Jejunal Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Jejunum ; blood supply ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and ranibizumab in patients with treatment-naive polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). METHODS: Records from 106 consecutive patients who received intraviteral bevacizumab (n = 58, 1.25 mg) or ranibizumab (n = 52, 0.5 mg) for treatment of PCV were retrospectively reviewed. After three initial monthly loading injections, injection was performed as needed. The main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), foveal central thickness (FCT) as assessed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and the changes in polypoidal lesions based on an indocyanine green angiography. RESULTS: The average number of injections was 3.31 +/- 1.25 in the bevacizumab group and 3.44 +/- 0.92 in the ranibizumab group. Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution of BCVA from baseline to 6 months after injection improved by 0.17 in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.03) and by 0.19 in the ranibizumab group (p = 0.01). Average FCT decreased from 322 +/- 62.48 microm to 274 +/- 40.77 microm in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.02) and from 338 +/- 50.79 microm to 286 +/- 36.93 microm in the ranibizumab group (p = 0.02). Polyp regression rate was 20.7% (12 of 58 eyes) in the bevacizumab group and 21.2% (11 of 52 eyes) in the ranibizumab group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in BCVA improvement achieved, FCT improvement achieved, and polyp regression rate between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and ranibizumab have similar effects in stabilizing of visual acuity, macular edema, and regression of polypoidal complex in PCV eyes over the short term.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/*administration & dosage ; Choroid/*blood supply ; Choroid Diseases/diagnosis/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fovea Centralis/pathology ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases/diagnosis/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors ; Visual Acuity

INTRODUCTIONWe reviewed the clinical features, brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings and associated abnormalities in six patients with spinal cavernous malformations (CMs).

METHODSLesions were defined on gradient-recalled echo (GRE) images but measured on T2-weighted images performed on 1.5- and 3-tesla clinical scanners.

RESULTSFour patients had associated multiple cranial CMs and one patient had multiple spinal CMs. All spinal CMs were predominantly hypointense on GRE images, and most were predominantly hyperintense and surrounded by hypointense edge on T2-weighted images. Other associations included asymptomatic vertebral body and splenic haemangiomas.

CONCLUSIONWe conclude that intramedullary spinal CMs typically have 'mulberry' or 'popcorn' appearances similar to those of cranial CM. The presence of associated haemangioma or familial cranial CM syndrome on MR imaging may suggest the correct diagnosis without requiring invasive investigations.

Adult ; Aged ; Brain Neoplasms ; pathology ; Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; pathology ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms ; pathology

Livedoid vasculopathy is a rare chronic relapsing disorder characterised by recurrent painful thrombotic and vasculitic ulcers on the legs. We present the cases of two Indian women with livedoid vasculopathy that were found to be associated with an underlying factor V Leiden heterozygous mutation. There were no other thrombotic manifestations, and livedoid vasculopathy was the sole presenting feature of the factor V Leiden mutation, although this could also be coincidental. Initial treatment with high-dose immunosuppressive therapy was suboptimal, and the addition of pentoxifylline and antiplatelet therapy was crucial in achieving disease control and remission. These cases highlight the possible association with an underlying prothrombotic disorder, such as factor V Leiden mutation, in patients with livedoid vasculopathy. Although this association is relatively uncommon, it is more relevant to Indian patients, as the presence of factor V Leiden mutation is highest in this ethnicity as compared to the local Malay and Chinese populations.
Adult ; Blood Vessels ; pathology ; DNA ; genetics ; Factor V ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Leg Ulcer ; blood ; genetics ; pathology ; Livedo Reticularis ; blood ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Skin ; blood supply ; Skin Diseases, Vascular ; blood ; genetics ; pathology

Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hemangiosarcoma ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Iatrogenic Disease ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Vascular Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery