Objective:To investigate the feasibility and clinical effect of the surgical approach and method of transnasal fenestration under nasal endoscope for the treatment of maxillary odontogenic cyst. Methods:The clinical data of 23 cases with maxillary odontogenic cysts treated by nasal endoscopy through nasal fenestration were retrospectively analyzed. All cases underwent nasal endoscopy and CT examination before the operation. The mucosal membrane of the parietal wall of the cyst was excised through fenestration of the nasal base. The cyst fluid was removed by decompression, and the bony opening of the nasal base was trimmed and enlarged to the edge of the cyst. The intraoperative and postoperative effects were observed. Results:All cases were well exposed under the direct vision of nasal endoscope. The top wall of the cyst was removed to maximize the communication between the cyst cavity and the nasal floor. There were no complications such as nasolacrimal duct injury, turbinate atrophy, necrosis, and facial numbness. All patients were followed up for 6-12 months, and the clinical symptoms gradually disappeared after surgery. The inferior turbinate was in good shape, the cyst cavity was smooth, the cyst wall was determined, and no cyst recurrence was observed. Conclusion:The treatment of odontogenic cyst of maxilla under nasal endoscope through nasal fenestration is convenient. It has less trauma, fewer complications and a satisfactory curative effect, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Humans ; Maxilla ; Retrospective Studies ; Odontogenic Cysts/surgery* ; Endoscopy ; Turbinates/surgery* ; Endoscopes

Objective: To explore the effect of vidian neurectomy and selective vidian neurectomy in the treatment of moderate and severe persistent allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: A total of 60 patients with moderate-to-severe persistent AR treated in Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected, including 28 males and 32 females. A total of 40 cases in the observation group were subjected to vidianneurectomy, while, 20 cases in the control group underwent selective vidianneurectomy. Patients in the two groups were followed up at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years, respectively, and evaluated according to AR diagnostic and efficacy assessment criteria. Four symptoms of sneezing, clear runny nose, nasal congestion, and nasal itching were scored as efficacy indices before and at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. The regression of the lower turbinate swelling after surgery was assessed by nasal endoscopy or sinus CT. Postoperative tear secretion was followed up in both groups, and patients with dry eyes were counted in combination with ocular symptoms. SPSS 19.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data before and after the surgery and between the two groups. Results: The preoperative, 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year postoperative inferior turbinate signs were (2.73±0.45), (1.20±0.41), (1.25±0.49) and (1.30±0.56) points in the observation group and (2.75±0.44), (1.45±0.69), (1.75±0.72) and (1.90±0.85) points in the control group, respectively, with a statistically significant difference in the between-subjects effect test between the two groups (F=8.28, P<0.05), indicating a more durable surgical effect in the observation group. The total effective rate at 2 years after surgery was 95.0% (38/40) in the observation group and 50% (10/20) in the control group. The difference between the two groups by Fisher's exact test was statistically significant. No dry eye patient was found in either group at a 1.5-year postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: Both vidianneurectomy and selective vidianneurectomy have good recent treatment effects, vidianneurectomy has better long-term curative effects than selective vidianneurectomy.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome ; Rhinitis, Allergic/surgery* ; Turbinates/surgery* ; Denervation ; Nose Diseases

Objective: To explore the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) in nasal polyps (NPs) tissues and the potential role on apoptosis of primary human nasal epithelial cells (pHNECs) in NPs. Methods: The expression level of RUNX1 in NPs tissues was determined by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemical staining (IHC). In vitro, TNF-α (20 ng/ml) was used to stimulate pHNECs to establish the apoptosis injury model. Hoechst staining was performed to observe pHNECs apoptosis by kit. Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and WB were utilized to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), BCL2-associated X (BAX) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) to assess the level of apoptosis. The plasmid of sh-RUNX1-6 was transfected into the pHNECs apoptosis model, then the effect of RUNX1 silence on apoptosis was evaluated by WB and flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS 19.0 and GraphPad Prism5 software. Results: The expression of RUNX1 in NPs tissue was significantly higher than that in inferior turbinates, and the difference was statistically significant (0.274±0.042 vs 0.110±0.027, t=9.675, P<0.05). Compared with the inferior turbinates, BAX and Caspase-3 expressions were increased whereas BCL-2 was decreased in NPs, and the differences were statistically significant (BAX 0.346±0.032 vs 0.302±0.037, Caspase-3 0.228±0.061 vs 0.158±0.065, BCL-2 0.090±0.047 vs 0.276±0.057, t value was 2.680, 2.361 and 7.575, respectively, all P<0.05). The expression levels of RUNX1 and apoptosis in pHNECs increased in a time-dependent manner after TNF-α exposure (P<0.05). Plasmid of sh-RUNX1-6 transfected silenced the expression of RUNX1 in pHNECs treated by TNF-α. After silencing RUNX1 in pHNECs apoptosis model, the protein levels of BAX and Caspase-3 were decreased, while the expression of BCL-2 was increased, the rate of apoptosis was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions: RUNX1 is increased in NPs. Silencing RUNX1 can inhibit the apoptosis and reduce cell inflammatory damage of pHNECs induced by TNF-α.
Apoptosis ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics* ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; Turbinates

Objective: To compare the radiographic features of the nasal septal swell body (NSB) with the laterality of nasal septal deviation and investigate whether there is a correlation between the severity of the septal deviation and difference in NSB size. Methods: Design: Retrospective Observational Study. Setting: Tertiary Private University Hospital. Participants: 30 paranasal sinus computerized tomography scans from January to October 2017. Results: A septal deviation was present in 60% of the subjects. In 78% of cases with septal deviation, the NSB was noted to be significantly larger on the side opposite the nasal septal deviation (p < .05). Conclusion The correlation between the severity of the septal deviation and difference in NSB size had a value of (r = 0.37) therefore, no positive correlation was established. Subjects with almost symmetric NSB measurements tend to have no septal deviation. On the other hand, the NSB is more prominent contralateral to a septal deviation.
Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; Hypertrophy ; Turbinates

Adaptation, Physiological ; Adenosine Monophosphate ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Administration, Intranasal ; Alanine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Betacoronavirus ; genetics ; physiology ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Coronavirus Infections ; drug therapy ; virology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Host Specificity ; genetics ; Lung ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation, Missense ; Nasal Mucosa ; virology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; virology ; RNA, Viral ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; Turbinates ; virology ; Vero Cells ; Viral Load ; Virus Replication

PURPOSE: Allergic rhinitis is the most common atopic disease and the most common chronic disease of children. Eosinophil count and percentage in nasal smear are useful for differential diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between nasal eosinophil count and percentage.METHODS: Between January 2017 and August 2018, 221 children patients with a clinical history of rhinitis were tested at the outpatient respiratory and allergy unit of the Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea. Nasal secretion was collected by swabbing a children's nasal inferior turbinate 3–4 times with a cotton swab and then placed on to a glass slide. Later, the smear was stained by Giemsa stain.RESULTS: This is the first study to assess the comparison of nasal eosinophil count and percent. There is a positive correlation between nasal eosinophil count and percent Y=1.02 X+2.82 (Y=Eosinophil count, X=Eosinophil percentage). To determine the usefulness of nasal eosinophil count and percentage in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, we analyzed receiver operating characteristic curves. The cutoff value of the nasal eosinophil count was 6.5/high-power field, and that of the nasal eosinophil ratio was 3% for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.CONCLUSION: In patients with suspected rhinitis, one of the values of nasal eosinophil count or percentage can be used in clinical practice.
Azure Stains ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophils ; Glass ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Korea ; Outpatients ; Pediatrics ; Rhinitis ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; ROC Curve ; Turbinates

Airway Obstruction ; Apnea ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Cyanosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Holoprosencephaly ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Maxilla ; Nasal Obstruction ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Turbinates

Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Parotid Gland ; Pathology ; Salivary Glands ; Turbinates

Klippel-Feil syndrome is characterized by congenital fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae, a low hair line at the back of the head, restricted neck mobility, and other congenital anomalies. We report a 16-year-old young man with Klippel-Feil syndrome, Sprengel deformity of the right scapula, thoracic kyphoscoliosis, and mandibular prognathism with an anterior open bite. He was treated with orthodontic treatment and maxillofacial surgery. An anticipated difficult airway due to a short neck with restricted neck movements and extrinsic restrictive lung disease due to severe thoracic kyphoscoliosis increased his anesthesia risk. Due to his deviated nasal septum and contralateral inferior turbinate hypertrophy, we chose awake fiber optic orotracheal intubation followed by submental intubation. Considering the cervical vertebral fusion, he was carefully positioned during surgery to avoid potential spinal injury. He recovered well and his postoperative course was uneventful.
Adolescent ; Anesthesia ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Genioplasty ; Hair ; Head ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Intubation ; Klippel-Feil Syndrome ; Lung Diseases ; Mandible ; Nasal Septum ; Neck ; Open Bite ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy ; Prognathism ; Scapula ; Spinal Injuries ; Surgery, Oral ; Turbinates

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of concha bullosa (CB) and nasal septal deviation (NSD) and their impact on maxillary sinus volume (MSV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images of 106 Emirati people were used in this study. The direction and angle of septal deviation were calculated. The presence of CB, which could be unilateral, contralateral, or bilateral in relation to the direction of NSD, was also recorded. MSV was measured using reconstructed Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine images on Dolphin 3D imaging software version 11.8 premium (Dolphin Imaging, Chatsworth, CA, USA). P values<0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS: CB was detected in 37.7% of the sample; 20.7% of the sample showed single unilateral CB and 16.6% had single bilateral CB. NSD was seen in 74.5% of the sample. In the participants with CB, 45.5% showed mild deviation, 34.4% showed moderate deviation, and only 12.5% showed severe septal deviation. CB, but not NSD, was associated with significantly higher MSV on the affected side (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Although NSD was observed in more than two-thirds of the sample and CB was present in more than one-third of the sample, only CB had a significant impact on MSV.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dolphins ; Maxillary Sinus ; Nasal Septum ; Prevalence ; Turbinates