Fungi are a major cause of human infections with diverse clinical manifestations. The incidence of fungal infections has increased over time, particularly in patients who have risk factors such as neutropenia, immune suppression, an intravascular catheter, parenteral nutrition, a prosthetic device, and prior broad spectrum antibiotic therapy. Here, we present an unusual case of co-infection by 2 distinct fungi, Candida parapsilosis and Trichosporon asahii, isolated from a patient who did not have any known risk factors initially, except active pulmonary tuberculosis. Despite the negative conversion of sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) culture test after treatment, clinical symptoms were refractory to therapy. The patient developed symptoms suggesting septic shock, and 2 distinct colonies were isolated from a blood specimen, which were identified as C. parapsilosis and T. asahii by MALDI-TOF and rRNA sequencing. Fever and hypotension were relieved after anti-fungal agent injection, and pulmonary lesions identified by imaging also improved.
Candida ; Catheters ; Coinfection ; Fever ; Fungemia ; Fungi ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Neutropenia ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Risk Factors ; Shock, Septic ; Sputum ; Trichosporon ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Because primary antifungal prophylaxis is widely used for immunocompromised hosts, the incidences of unusual fungal infections have increased. Trichosporon asahii has emerged as an important life-threatening opportunistic systemic pathogen because of the increased use of cytotoxic or immunosuppressant agents, along with high mortality rates. Here, we describe a case of catheter-related T. asahii bloodstream infection with multiple septic skin nodules in both the arms and legs of the patient who was in the neutropenic period after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome treated with prophylactic ciprofloxacin and itraconazole. We successfully treated her with intravenous voriconazole for more than a month without any complications. Clinicians should consider breakthrough Trichosporon infections when clinical progress in an immunocompromised patient with unexplained infection signs and symptoms does not improve despite proper treatment with antibiotics or various antifungal agents. In addition, voriconazole can be a good treatment choice for achieving better treatment results and prognosis.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antifungal Agents ; Arm ; Catheter-Related Infections ; Ciprofloxacin ; Fungemia ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Incidence ; Itraconazole ; Leg ; Mortality ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes* ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Trichosporon* ; Voriconazole

Because primary antifungal prophylaxis is widely used for immunocompromised hosts, the incidences of unusual fungal infections have increased. Trichosporon asahii has emerged as an important life-threatening opportunistic systemic pathogen because of the increased use of cytotoxic or immunosuppressant agents, along with high mortality rates. Here, we describe a case of catheter-related T. asahii bloodstream infection with multiple septic skin nodules in both the arms and legs of the patient who was in the neutropenic period after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome treated with prophylactic ciprofloxacin and itraconazole. We successfully treated her with intravenous voriconazole for more than a month without any complications. Clinicians should consider breakthrough Trichosporon infections when clinical progress in an immunocompromised patient with unexplained infection signs and symptoms does not improve despite proper treatment with antibiotics or various antifungal agents. In addition, voriconazole can be a good treatment choice for achieving better treatment results and prognosis.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antifungal Agents ; Arm ; Catheter-Related Infections ; Ciprofloxacin ; Fungemia ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Incidence ; Itraconazole ; Leg ; Mortality ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes* ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Trichosporon* ; Voriconazole

No abstract available.
Tinea Pedis* ; Tinea* ; Trichosporon*

No abstract available.
Immunocompromised Host* ; Trichosporon*

Since the report of disseminated trichosporonosis in 1970s, several cases of infection by various Trichosporon species in different clinical patients were published. We've isolated a strain of T. asahii from not only blood but also urine. We report 71 year-old male patient with Trichosporon asahii fungemia, who had renal stones. It was identified as T. asahii using conventional method and also confirmed by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The patient was discharged without any complication, in which case only antibiotic agent was used without any antifungal one.
Fungemia* ; Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Male ; Trichosporon* ; Trichosporonosis ; Urinary Tract Infections*

No abstract available.
Hair ; Humans ; Piedra ; Scalp ; Trichosporon

In the present study, we developed a two-liquid phase fermentation system by adding 1% n-dodecane as oxygen-vector to enhance the microbial lipids productivity of Trichosporon fermentans using cassava starch hydrolysate. Results suggest that the oxygen-vector could alleviate the oxygen shortage in flask fermentation. The cell mass and lipids concentration were 101.2 g/L and 50.28 respectively in 2 L fermenter with the presence of 1% n-dodecane. Additionally, gas chromatography analysis also reveals that the microbial lipids produced by T. fermentans contained a higher percentage of saturated fatty acid in the oxygen-vector case.
Alkanes ; chemistry ; Biofuels ; Fermentation ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods ; Lipids ; biosynthesis ; Manihot ; metabolism ; Starch ; metabolism ; Trichosporon ; genetics ; metabolism

No abstract available.
Burkitt Lymphoma ; Fungemia ; Humans ; Trichosporon

BACKGROUNDBroad-spectrum antibiotic administration promotes intestinal colonization of exogenous fungal pathogens in healthy animals and has been recognized as one of the risk factors of invasive fungal infection in clinical settings. It is unclear whether broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment would change the intestinal mycobiota without exogenous fungal challenge in the context of sepsis.

METHODSWe established a rat model of double-hit sepsis using burn injury and endotoxin challenge. Rats with burn injury or double-hit sepsis received imipenem treatment for 3 days or 9 days, and their colon contents were sampled for selective fungal culture and isolation counts.

RESULTSImipenem treatment promoted the overgrowth of the commensal fungus Geotrichum capitatum in rats with burn injury. Imipenem treatment also promoted colon colonization by exogenous fungi in rats with burn injury and double-hit sepsis, including Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida glabrata. A longer duration of imipenem treatment had a stronger impact on colon colonization by exogenous fungi.

CONCLUSIONImipenem treatment facilitates the overgrowth of commensal fungi and colonization by exogenous, potentially pathogenic fungi in the colons of rats with burn injury or double-hit sepsis.

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Burns ; complications ; microbiology ; Candida ; pathogenicity ; Colon ; microbiology ; Imipenem ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Trichosporon ; pathogenicity