Objective:To investigate the normal reference values of spinal bone mineral density measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and the differences of bone mineral density (BMD) in different regions of in Chinese adult males.Methods:Men who underwent low-dose CT lung scan for cancer screening in regions of Northeast, North, East, South, Central and Southwest of China from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected. And the lumbar vertebrae BMD values in the male subjects were measured by the QCT system (Mindways Software, Inc.). The mean BMD values and their decline rates were calculated at an age interval of 10 years, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was calculated according to the American College of Radiology spine QCT osteoporosis diagnostic criteria.Results:A total of 50 682 males with a mean age of (50.22±12.79) years (ranged 20 to 98 years) were included in this study. The peak BMD of (173.11±28.56) mg/cm 3 in the healthy Chinese adult male population appeared in the age group of 20 to 29 years and then declined with age. Before the age of 70 years, the BMD was relatively higher in males in South China, and it was lower in Central China and Southwest China, and it was intermediate in Northeast, North and East of China, with statistically significant differences. There was no significant differences in BMD in the males in the two age groups of 70 to 79 years and 80 and older among the regions in China. The overall decline rate of spinal BMD in Chinese males under QCT was about 46.92% over the lifetime, and it declined obviouslyin the 40-49 age group. The overall prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese male population aged 50 years and above was approximately 11.42%, with the highest prevalence in Southwest China and Central China (14.72% and 13.87%, respectively) and the lowest in North China and South China (8.53% and 7.71%, respectively). Conclusions:A reference of lumbar spine BMD values for healthy males in China based on QCT is established. BMD values were highest in South China and Lowest in Central China.

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of e-sports activities on adolescents' health based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and conduct a systematic review of health condition and functioning, interventions and outcomes. MethodsThe ICF was used to systematically analyze the physical and mental health and functional impact of adolescents engaging in e-sports activities. Using the keywords and subject heading search method, articles about e-sports, health condition, functioning, functional rehabilitation (intervention) and outcome were searched in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Database, PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO from establishment to February, 2022. Systematic review had been adopted for literatures scanning, selection, quality review, and literature synthesis. ICF framework and WHO-FICs coding system were used to analyze the literatures in the fields of e-sport participants' main health condition and health-related conditions, functioning, interventions, and outcomes (health conditions and functioning). Results and ConclusionEight literatures from six countries had been finally included, mainly in the fields of clinical medicine, rehabilitation sciences, sports psychology and rehabilitation psychology. The literatures published mainly after 2015. The average scores on Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) were 6.88. Using ICF framework, adolescent e-sport participants had main health conditions and functioning at the levels of body, activity and participation, and environment. At body level, the health conditions and functioning involved in the fields of mental function, sensory function and pain, neuromusculoskeletal and motor-related functions, mainly manifested impairments or disorders such as cognitive impairment, emotional disturbance, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression and anxiety, obesity and musculoskeletal pain. At the individual level, main health conditions and functioning included healthy behaviors (such as sedentary behaviors, insufficient physical activity), diet and malnutrition, and other healthy behaviors. At the level of environment, main factors included support and personal relation, attitudes, services, institutional and policy performance. There were two categories of interventions: interventions at body level, such as physical intervention, psychological intervention; and intervention at activity and participation level, such as social intervention, cognitive-behaviors intervention, social media and moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity. Adolescent participants can get health benefits from interventions in the six dimensions of WHODAS2.0 of cognition, mobility, self-care, getting along with others, life activities, participation and health impact, and specifically manifested improvement in the fields of emotional and cognitive conditions, daily physical activity level, rapidly increasing from light to moderate physical activity; interruption sedentary, increasing in physical activity; enhancement of social relations, accessing to social support; and forming healthy living habits and improving the quality of life and well-being.

ObjectiveTo review the effects of video game intervention on adults motor functioning based on International Classification of Diseases, Eleventh Revision (ICD-11) and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). MethodsThe literatures about video game therapy and motor dysfunction were retrieved from databases of CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO, from establishment to June, 2022. The contents of the literatures were analyzed and encoded based on the conceptual framework and coding of ICD-11 and ICF. ResultsSeven articles were included, which were from six countries, involving 59 randomized controlled trials and 2 648 participants, aged 19.8 to 75.4 years, mainly from the fields of medicine, rehabilitation science, video games, exercise interventions and sports science, with publication dates mainly from 2015 to 2021. The intervention types were mainly classified as simple video game, and combination of video game and exercise intervention. The ways of intervention were human-computer interaction, perceptual motor and augmented reality. The intervention scenes were in scene and presentation scene, while the former involved a rehabilitation institution and family environment, and the latter involved a virtual scene and a physical scene. The frequency of interventions was mainly one to five times a week, 20 to 60 minutes a time, for four to 24 weeks. The outcomes of the intervention mainly involved the promoting the recovery of function of joint and bone, improving the static and dynamic balance of gait, increasing muscle strength, improving self-efficacy, reducing anxiety; improving posture control, providing feedback on daily activities; promoting social interaction, increasing social interaction and communication behavior, etc. ConclusionThere are two types of video game interventions: video game alone and video game combined with motor intervention. The video game intervention combines video game and motor intervention through the interaction of virtual sceneries, dynamic activity demonstration and the presentation and feedback of activity goals, to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the intervention and improves patients' interest in motor learning. The intervention can be divided into human-computer interaction, perceptual motor and augmented reality. The outcomes of the intervention can be reflected in three aspects: improvement of physical function, promotion of activity and participation, and enhancement of overall function and quality of life.

OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for simultaneous determination of calycosin glucoside ，ononin，calycosin， formononetin，astragaloside Ⅳ，isoastragaloside Ⅱ，cycloastragenol and isoastragaloside Ⅰ in Astragalus membranaceus before and after bidirectional solid fermentation with Cordyceps kyushuensis ，and to investigate the effects of fermentation on the contents of above 8 components in A. membranaceus . METHODS ：HPLC-DAD-ELSD was adopted. The determination was performed on Agilent 5 TC-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. DAD detection wavelength was set at 260 nm，ELSD evaporation tube temperature was 100 ℃，atomizer temperature was 80 ℃，carrier gas flow rate was 1.6 L/min；injection volume was 15 μL. RESULTS：The eight components had a good linear relationship within their respective ranges of concentration （all R2＞0.999 0）； RSDs of precision ，stability and repeatability tests were all less than 3％（n＝3 or n＝6）；the recoveries was 97.88％-101.32％， and RSDs were 1.22％-2.39％（n＝6）. Setting the content of components in unfermented A. membranaceus as 100％，after bidirectional solid fermentation with C. kyushuensis ，the change rates of 8 components were －98.51％，－96.41％，－94.74％， －96.40％，289.20％，20.25％，－75.05％，562.46％，respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：After fermentation with C. kyushuensis ，the contents of active components as astragaloside Ⅳ，isoastragaloside Ⅰ and isoastragaloside Ⅱ can be increased significantly in A. membranaceus .

Objective: To observe the effects of Chinese herbalprescription Tizhi-Pingtiao Powder (TP) based on Five-Yun Six-Qi theory to treat hyperlipidemia (HLP). Methods: This study included 641 HLP patients from Constitution medicine clinic in Dongzhimen hospital from January 2015 to November 2017. The embryonic period’s (ten months) Five-Yun Six-Qi endowments of the enrolled patients were analyzed and TP were prescribedaccordingly, in the absent of lipid-lowering drugs. The curative effect was observed after three months’ TP treatment and reviewed ofeach 3 months, and long-term effects will be observed for 1 year,either take the priscription or not. Curative effect is based on blood lipids maintain normal as well as constitution improved while stopped lipid-lowering drugs. Results: Among the 641 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 379 patients take on complete, and 300 patients (79.2%) were clinically cured (with blood lipid decreased to normal, overall constitution and complication condition improved), 375 patients (99.0%) were completely cured. Among 262 patients without dietary restriction, 143 patients (54.6%) were clinically cured, 240 patients (91.6%) were completely cured. Long-term effects showed that 210 patients stopped the TP after 3 months' treatment, the recurrence rate at the end of the 3rd month, 6th month and 12th month in the patients who were on complete dietary restriction were 4.1%, 48.8% and 76.9%, while the recurrence rate in the patients who had not implemented dietary restriction were 37.1%, 70.8%, 89.9%. A total of 115 patients continued the TP for the other 12 months, the recurrence rate at the end of 3rd month, 6th month and 12th month in the patients who were on complete dietary restriction were 2.5%, 4.8% and 6.0%, while the recurrence rate in the patients who had not implemented dietary restriction were 6.5%, 16.1%, 29.0%. The difference between the four groups was significant. All recrudescent patients could gain recovery in a month after re-taking the herbs. Conclusions Chinese herbal priscription TP combined with dietary modification showed long term effect for HLP and improve the constitution comprehensively.

Objective The aim of this study is to explore the changes of expression of integrin αvβ3 in bovine u-terine epithelial cells in vitro induced by estrogen or/and progesterone alone or in combination,and to provide a new refer-ence marker for determining bovine uterine receptivity state. Methods RT-PCR was used to analyze the transcriptional changes of αvβ3 expression in bovine endometrium treated by different concentrations of estrogen,progesterone alone or in combination. Results The expression of integrin αvβ3 reached the highest level when the culture medium was added with progesterone at the concentration of 10 -7mg/mL,and the expression of αv and β3 in the 10 -7mg/mL concentration group was significantly higher than that of the control one(P<0.05). Moreover,the expression of αv was highest in the 10 -10 mg/mL E2group,but the expression of β3 was the lowest in that one. In addition,adding with both estrogen and progester-one,the transcriptional level of integrin αvβ3 was significantly higher than that in the control one. The transcriptional level of αv in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),but the transcriptional level of β3 in this group was not(P>0.05). Conclusions It can be concluded that integrin αvβ3 can be used as a new poten-tial reference marker gene for detecting the bovine uterine receptive status.

Objective To explore the effect of doctor-nurse integration mode health education on the compliance of patients with breast cancer treated with Fulvestrant injection. Methods A total of 89 patients with breast cancer who received Fulvestrant injection in Breast Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were selected from October 2015 to June 2016 by convenient sampling method and they were divided into observation group (n=46) and control group (n=43) using randomly number table method. Patients in the control group received routine outpatient clinic medication treatment, while patients in the observation group received extra doctor-nurse integration mode health education during the treatment circle. Endocrine therapy compliance questionnaire for breast cancer patients was applied to assess treatment compliance of patients in two groups. Results After the implementation of doctor-nurse integration mode health education, scores of treatment compliance and each dimension of observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions For patients with breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy for a long time, the implementation of doctor-nurse integration mode health education could improve the compliance of patients, ensure the completion of the treatment cycle and promote the rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To analyze and compare the pathological changes of lung tissue in mice infected with the novel H7N9 influenza virus and 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, respectively, and to preliminarily study the mecha-nisms of acute lung injury induced by those virus infection .Methods SPF 6-week old BALB/c mice ( body weight 18-20 g, male∶female=1∶1) (n=3 in each subgroup) were intranasally infected with H7N9 virus and H1N1 virus, respec-tively.The behavior and survival time of mice after virus infection were observed and the survival rates were analyzed .The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, intestines, and brain were collected at indicated time points for histopathological exami-nation using H&E staining .The distribution of virus antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry .The neutrophil infiltra-tion was also observed .The correlation of lung injury with virus replication and host immune responses was analyzed .Re-sults The lung and spleen injury of mice infected with H 7N9 virus was slighter and their survival rate (100%) was high-er than those of mice infected with H1N1 virus.The damages of the lung and spleen in H1N1virus-infected mice were more severe than that in H7N9 virus-infected mice, and all the 10 mice in this group died within 9 days after virus inoculation . The distributions of both the virus antigens were mainly in the bronchial epithelial cells , a few stromal cells and alveolar ep-ithelial cells .The levels of virus replication in the two groups were not significantly different .There were more intense neu-trophil infiltration in the lung and inflammatory response in the H 1N1 virus-infected mice than those in the H7N9 virus-in-fected mice .Conclusions There are some differences of the pathological characteristics and extent of lung injury in the mice infected with H7N9 virus and H1N1 virus, respectively.The virus replication is a precipitating factor but not the deci-sive factor of the lung injury , and there is a close relationship between the host immune responses and acute lung injury .

ObjectiveTo observe the 2-8 years' follow-up results of percutaneous laser disc decompression(PLDD) on cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,and to identify factors affecting the outcome of PLDD.MethodsEighty-seven patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were treated consecutively by PLDD in our hospital from December 2002 to June 2009,who were followed up for 2-8 years.There were 32males and 26 females,with the mean age of 51.8 years (range,26-74).The results were evaluated according to the Japanese Orthopedic Association's score of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(JOA 20 score) and numeric rating scales (NRS) after surgery.Two years after the operation,the excellent and good rate of JOA score of patients with different genders,ages and duration of each subgroup will be compared.ResultsThe excellent and good rate were 37.9％,51.7％,65.5％,81.0％,82.8％,80.9％,72.4％ and 72.7％ at 1,3,6months and 1,2,4,6,8 years after operation respectively.Significant difference was found between the time points of 6 months to eight years after operation and that of one month after operation.The NRS score of the pain symptoms at the final follow-up was significantly reduced(P＜0.05).The excellent and good rate of patients whose course of disease (93.3％) was less than 18 months was significantly higher than that of those whose course of disease was over than 18 months(71.4％) two years after operation (P＜0.05).Conclusion The intermediate-term curative effect of PLDD for the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy is reliable and stable,and the postoperative curative effect may be influenced by patients' duration of disease.

Objective To establish a five-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping protocol and valuate its clinical application in leukemia and lymphoma. Methods Samples from 73 cases of acute leukemia and 30 cases of lymphoma were analyzed using a comprehensive antibody panel with five-color combination. The antibody combination CD7/CD33/CD19/CD13/CD45 and MPO/cCD79a/cCD3/CD117/CD45,composed of different lineage distinctive and lineage sensitive markers of B, T and myeloid cells, were applied to determine the lineage originality of leukemia and lymphoma celia. The markers used in the second step analysis were based on the findings of the first step. Results Five-color compensation can be performed automatically and easily with the advanced digital compensation program. The results showed that the expression ratio of CD19 in B-ALL was 100% (27/27), cCD79, pesitivity was 92.6% (25/27) and CD7,cCD3 was expressed in all T-ALL cases (8/8). The B-ALL could be staged depending on the expression level of CD34 ,CD10 ,cμ,sIgM and the T-ALL could be dearly staged dependent on the expression level of CD2,CD1a,,CD4,CD4,CD8. The expression ratio of cMPO, CD117 was 89. 5% (34/38) and 81.6% (31/38) in AML respectively, however CD7 was also expressed in 26.3% (10/38) of AML cases. Combined with morphology, immanophenotypes could be used for diagnosing AML with subtyping. The CD19/SSC gating can be used for immunophenotyping of B cell lymphoma with differential diagnosis. The number of robes required was significantly reduced with our panel from 12 tubes of 3-color to 6 tubes of 5-color. Implementation of the five-color protocol had resulted in 20% reduction in reagent costs. Conclusions The application of fivecolor staining protocol significantly improve the sensitivity and accuracy of measurement of immunophenotypes of acute leukemia and lymphoma. It reduces the cost and can be widely applied in the clinical laboratory diagnosis.