Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of pudendal nerve modulation (PNM) in the treatment of female pudendal neuralgia (PN)，so as to promote the clinical application of this technique. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 20 female PN patients who failed conservative treatment at Gongli Hospital during Nov.2020 and Oct.2023.All patients underwent simultaneous PNM and sacral nerve modulation (SNM) with the assistance of 3D printing navigation.Dual-stage test electrodes for PNM and SNM were implanted，followed by alternate therapeutic trial for each modality.Secondary conversion rates and longitudinal outcomes，including visual analogue score (VAS)，patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)，and quality of life (QoL) scores were compared preoperatively，post-stage Ⅰ，and at 3，6，and 12 months post-stage Ⅱ. Results: All operations were successful.After the trial phase，the secondary conversion rate for PNM was significantly higher than that for SNM; 16 patients (16/20，80%) chose the second-phase PNM implantation surgery，3 (3/20，15%) chose second-phase SNM implantation，and 1 (1/20，5%) had electrodes removed due to ineffective results from both trials.Further assessment revealed that the improvements in VAS，PHQ-9，and QoL scores for PNM patients were significantly better than those for SNM patients after the first phase of surgery and at 3，6 and 12 months after the second-phase conversion (P<0.05).No complications such as electrode migration or infection were observed during the follow-up of 12-15 months. Conclusion: PNM provides more effective relief of pain symptoms and improvements in depressive states for female PN patients compared to SNM.With the assistance of 3D printing navigation，the operation is simple and safe，and offers stable therapeutic effects.It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

⁶⁰Co-γ ray irradiation has the unique advantages of high efficiency， strong penetration， operation at room temperature and no residue， which has been widely used in the sterilization of Chinese medicinal materials， decoction pieces， Chinese patent medicine. However， the irradiation effect may cause changes in the content of chemical components in Chinese materia medica or the emergence of new radiolysis products， leading to reduced efficacy and uncontrollable safety risks. This paper reviewed the relevant literature at home and abroad， summarized the effect of irradiation sterilization on various types of chemical compositions of Chinese medicinal materials and their preparations， and analyzed and explored the rule of change. The results showed that the content changes of various chemical components in Chinese materia medica after ⁶⁰Co-γ ray irradiation sterilization varied. The contents of most flavonoids， terpenoids， phenylpropanoids and quinones decreased after irradiation， and the degree of decrease increased with the elevated irradiation dose. The contents of lignans， alkaloids， isoflavones and some terpenoids did not change significantly before and after irradiation， while the content changes of triterpenoid saponins， dihydroflavonols， chalcones， sugars and glycosides after irradiation were not yet uniform. Therefore， it is recommended to pay attention to the compositional changes of irradiated Chinese medicines， strengthen the research on the standards of irradiated Chinese medicines， and standardize the irradiation and sterilization of Chinese medicines in order to promote the healthy and rational application of irradiated Chinese medicines.

Objective: To investigate the present situation of health education on school myopia prevention and control in primary and middle schools in Beijing, so as to provide scientific basis and suggestions for effective implementation of health education on school myopia prevention and control. Methods: From November 6-17, 2023, a total of 551 school doctors and health care teachers from public primary and secondary schools in seven districts of Beijing were investigated by using stratified random cluster sampling method. The contents included basic information, the basic situation of school health work, and the status of myopia prevention and control in schools. The data was described by frequency and proportion. Chisquare test was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results: A total of 89.8% of the respondents were found in the school of offering health education courses about myopia prevention and control. Among these respondents, 54.5% were equipped with health education course material of professional myopia prevention and control, and the teachers were primarily class teachers (57.6%), health care teachers (45.5%), and physical education teachers (45.1%), and most of the classes were conducted once a month (33.7%) and once a semester (28.1%). A total of 95.6% of the subjects had health education activities about myopia prevention and control at their schools. The frequency of activities was once a month (38.5%) and once a semester (27.9%). There were statistically significant differences of the report rate in setting up health education courses on myopia prevention and control, and the frequency of activities in different areas and different types of schools (χ2=19.53, 13.15, 34.30, 20.32, P<0.05). Conclusions Health education on school myopia prevention and control in primary and middle schools in Beijing is supportive. But health education courses taught by professional teachers should pay attention to the norms of the course material to complete a certain amount of class time, and development of health education activities should be diversified, so as to effectively implement health education of myopia prevention and control at school.

Objective To evaluate the effect of structured therapy and education based on personal strength on ischemic stroke. Methods From March,2021 to September,2023,a total of 114 patients with ischemic stroke from the First People's Hos-pital of Kunshan were randomly divided into control group(n=57)and experimental group(n=57).The control group received routine medicine,rehabilitation training and standard health education,while the experimental group received routine medicine,rehabilitation training and structured therapy and education based on personal strength,for six weeks.They were compared with the scores of modified Rankin Scale(mRS),motor-evoked po-tential(MEP)latency and amplitude,modified Barthel Index and Self-Recovery Efficacy Scale score and recur-rence within three months after the start of the study.The scores of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale(MMAS)and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionaire(FFMQ)were also compared. Results After treatment,the score of mRS(t=5.002),MEP latency period(t=9.739)and amplitude(t=4.394),modi-fied Barthel Index(t=11.261),the score of Self-Recovery Efficacy Scale(Z=-2.638),and the scores of MMAS(t=19.521)and FFMQ(t=15.381)were better in the experimental group than in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Structured therapy and education based on personal strength could faciliate to improve the recovery and self-management of ischemic stroke patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the pathogenic spectrum and molecular characteristics of infectious diarrhea among children in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2018 to 2023， and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diarrhea in children. MethodsFecal samples from the cases visited sentinel hospitals for children’s diarrheal disease in Putuo District， Shanghai， were collected from January 2018 to December 2023. A total of 11 species of bacteria were isolated and cultured， and 5 species of viruses were detected by real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. The molecular typing of some positive strains was analyzed by the standard pulsed-field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） method. The polymerase-capsid protein linkage region of some norovirus-positive samples was amplified by reverse transcription PCR， and was sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatics software. The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact probability test were used to compare the pathogen-positive rates in 2018‒2019 and 2020‒2023. ResultsOf the 707 cases of children with infectious diarrhea， the total positive rate was 47.67%， with a single bacterial positivity rate of 16.27%， a single viral positivity rate of 22.63%， and a mixed positivity rate of 8.77%， respectively. The dominant pathogens were rotavirus （10.75%）， norovirus （10.33%）， enteropathogenic Escherichia coli （8.06%）， Salmonella （6.36%）， enteroaggregative Escherichia coli （5.52%）， and Campylobacter （5.23%）. Bacterial infections were predominant in summer and fall， and viral infections were predominant in winter and spring. The total positive rate decreased in 2020‒2023 compared with that of 2018‒2019 （χ²=5.753，P<0.05）. Thirty-seven strains of Salmonella， 81 strains of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli， and 19 strains of Campylobacter were completed for the molecular typing analysis by PFGE， which were classified into 28， 80 and 18 banding types， respectively， with a wide range of banding similarity. Nineteen copies of norovirus GⅡ group gene sequences were analyzed and classified into 5 genotypes， which were mainly GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4 and GⅡ.P16-GⅡ.2 types. ConclusionRotavirus， norovirus， diarrheagenic Escherichia coli， Salmonella， and Campylobacter are the dominant pathogens of infectious diarrhea in children in Putuo District of Shanghai. The pathogen spectrum shows a trend of seasonal epidemic characteristics， with a diversity of molecular characteristics of some pathogens. Surveillance and monitoring on molecular characteristics of the pathogens of infectious diarrhea in children should be strengthened in different seasons， so as to provide a laboratory basis for the prevention and control of infectious diarrhea.

Objective To analyze three-dimensional(3D)radiographic characterizations of bone island(BI)in jaw using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods CBCT data from four thousand patients were selected,reconstructed and analyzed using NNT 10.0 software.The sagittal,coronal and axial planes were used to analyze the 3D radiographic characteristics of BIs,including the localization,shape,density,boundary,the relationship between BIs and tooth and bone cortex,diameter and anatomical structures and complications involved.Their relationship with gender were analyzed.Results A total of 803 people had BIs,with the prevalence rate of 20.08%,including 338 males with 389 BIs and 465 females with 526 BIs.Both males and females had a dominant BI,and the ratio between male and female was 1∶1.38,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The BIs of both male and female mostly occurred in the mandibular premolars and molars area,and appeared irregular in shape,dense and contact with lingual bone cortex.Mostly BIs were apical type and with unclear boundary.The mean maximum diameter of mesial/distal direction was greater than buccal/lingual direction(P＜0.05).The most commonly involved anatomy structure was the inferior alveolar neural canal,cortical infil-tration and mental foramen.Conclusion There are no significant differences between males and females in the three-dimensional image characteristics of BIs in Chinese populations.CBCT can accurately and comprehensively analyze the 3D radiographic characteris-tics of BI and its relationship with the surrounding teeth and bone.

Objective:To explore the application of 'hospital WeChat' platform combined with feedback method in improving the quality of life of patients with prostate cancer after operation, to provide suggestions for health education of patients with prostate cancer after operation.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 80 male patients who underwent radical prostatectomy in the Third People's Hospital of Yancheng City from June 2022 to July 2023 were selected by convenient sampling method. They were divided into control group and experimental group by random number method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group used routine nursing health education, the experimental group used the 'hospital WeChat' platform combined with feedback method for health education. The severity of urinary incontinence, quality of life, and satisfaction with health education after discharge were compared between the two groups.Results:Forty patients in each group completed the study. The age of the control group was (73.40 ± 4.02) years old, and the age of the experimental group was (73.25 ± 4.02) years old. The urinary incontinence scores of the experimental group at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after discharge were (14.00 ± 1.41), (11.90 ± 1.34) and (5.13 ± 3.45) points, respectively, which were significantly different from those of the control group (16.10 ± 2.04), (15.00 ± 1.20) and (10.90 ± 3.70) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=-5.36, -10.93, -7.23, all P<0.05). The total scores of quality of life in the experimental group at 1 and 3 months after discharge were (77.51 ± 6.11) and (79.53 ± 5.42) points, which were significantly higher than (67.70 ± 6.62) and (69.05 ± 6.92) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=6.89, 7.62, both P<0.05). The satisfaction scores of health education mode, attitude and evaluation items in the experimental group after discharge were (5.03 ± 0.70), (4.95 ± 0.81) and (5.33 ± 0.86) points, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (3.93 ± 1.00), (3.65 ± 1.10) and (3.80 ± 0.72) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.72, 6.01, 8.59, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The 'hospital WeChat' platform combined with feedback method can effectively improve the urinary incontinence of patients after prostate cancer surgery, and improve the quality of life and satisfaction of health education for patients. This study is hopeful to provide specific measures for health education for clinical prostate cancer patients.

Objective:To analyze the image characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) and leiomyoma under white-light endoscopy and ultrasound endoscopy, so as to establish a nomogram model and to validate its performance.Methods:From August 1, 2019, to December 1, 2022, the clinical data of 224 patients with GIST or leiomyoma who underwent endoscopic ultrasound examination at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively analyzed. The 224 patients were divided into the modeling group of 145 cases (78 cases of GIST and 67 cases of leiomyoma), and the validation group of 79 cases (41 cases of GIST and 38 cases of leiomyoma). The basic data of patients, parameters of white-light endoscopy and ultrasound endoscopy were screened to establish a binary logistic regression model and draw a nomogram. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn, and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the model, and calibration curve was used to evaluate the consistency of predicted and observed probabilities. The model′s performance was compared with the diagnostic results of junior physicians (attending physicians) and senior physicians (associated chief physician). Decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate the net benefit of the model. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Under white-light endoscopy, there were statistically significant differences in the lesion locations (esophagus: 0 vs. 56.7% (38/67); cardia: 11.5% (9/78) vs. 13.4% (9/67); gastric: 88.5% (69/78) vs. 29.9% (20/67)) and tumor morphyology (spherical or spheroid: 80.8% (63/78) vs. 28.4% (19/67); shuttle: 19.2% (15/78) vs. 71.6% (48/67)) between GIST and leiomyoma in the modeling group ( χ2=64.51 and 46.37, both P<0.001). Under ultrasound endoscopy, the proportion of patients with GIST whose lesions originated from the muscularis propria layer, with indistinct borders and with internal hyperechoic area were all higher than those of patients with leiomyoma (96.2% (75/78) vs. 62.7% (42/67); 53.8% (42/78) vs. 13.4% (9/67); 35.9% (28/78) vs. 10.4% (7/67)), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=25.91, 25.82 and 12.75, all P<0.001). Based on the logistic regression model, a nomogram model was established with age, tumor morphology, lesion origin, boundary clarity, and hyperechoic foci as predictive indicators. In the modeling group, the accuracy of nomogram model in the diagnosis of GIST and leiomyoma was 89.7% and 83.6%, respectively. In the validation group, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in GIST and leiomyoma diagnosis of the nomogram model and senior physicians were all higher than those of junior physicians in differentiating GIST from leiomyoma (90.2%, 87.8% vs. 82.9%; 81.6%, 84.2% vs. 78.9%; 86.1%, 86.1% vs. 81.0%, respectively), and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the nomogram model were equal to those of senior physicians in differentiating GIST from leiomyoma. The AUCs of the nomogram model in the modeling group and validation group were 0.932 (95% confidence interval 0.891 to 0.974) and 0.916 (95% confidence interval 0.854 to 0.978), respectively. The calibration curves of the model indicated that the consistency between the predicted probabilities and observed probabilities was good, and DCA suggested good clinical net benefits of the model. Conclusion:The model exhibits good test efficiency, discrimination, prediction consistency and clinical net benefit when age, tumor morphology, lesion origin, boundary clarity, and hyperechoic foci are selected as indicators.

Information construction helps hospitals to accurately manage the blood glucose levels of hospitalized patients and improve the quality and safety of medical care. In July 2022, a large tertiary public hospital launched an information management of perioperative patient blood glucose. By establishing a multidisciplinary support and information management team, building an information-based blood glucose management system, establishing standardized management processes, implementing automatic hierarchical blood glucose warning, blood glucose critical value warning and control, abnormal blood glucose consultation, and insulin pump management, the hospital had achieved the information sharing of blood glucose perioperative patients, as well as timely warning and handling of abnormal blood glucose, ensuring patient safety. As of June 2023, the hospital had deployed a total of 364 intelligent blood glucose meters in clinical departments, and monitored blood glucose levels for 12 216 perioperative patients. The blood glucose compliance rate of perioperative patients increased from 81.81% in July 2022 to 82.95% in June 2023. This practice brought convenience to the work of clinical departments, improved the overall quality of medical services in hospitals, and could provide references for other hospitals to carry out blood glucose information management.

Telemedicine,particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic,has rapidly evolved and been widely adopted worldwide,notably enhancing epilepsy patient management.Literature review reveals effective remote consultations and treatments via phone,video,and apps by global healthcare professionals.Promising future directions include platforms for chronic epilepsy management,regional multicenter collaboration,extensive epilepsy database sharing,real-time patient monitoring,and online analytics.Despite its growth,telemedicine faces challenges such as the need for technological advances,regulatory improvements,and increased patient engagement to ensure both healthcare accessibility and quality are maintained.