Objective:To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Sensitivity to Pun-ishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire-Revised and Clarified(SPSRQ-RC)in patients with eating disor-ders.Methods:Totally 111 patients with eating disorders meeting diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 were assessed with SPSRQ-RC,Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11(BIS-11),Trait Anxiety Inventory(TAI)and Eating Disorder Exami-nation Questionnaire 6.0(EDE-Q 6.0).Results:Three factors were extracted from the items by exploratory factor analysis with cumulative variance being 55.65％.The interclass correlation coefficient(ICC)of SR and BIS-11 was 0.26,the ICC of SP and TAI was 0.25,and the correlation coefficient of the SPSRQ-RC and EDE-Q 6.0 was 0.35.The Cronbach's α coefficient of the SPSRQ-RC was 0.83,the test-retest reliability of the scale was 0.82.Conclusion:The Chinese version of SPSRQ-RC shows good psychometric properties in patients with eating disor-ders.

At present， many antidepressant drug categories have been marketed in China， but still lack a scientific and standardized system for drug comprehensive clinical evaluation. To guide and promote medical institutions to standardize the comprehensive clinical evaluation of antidepressant drugs， 19 clinical， pharmacy and evidence-based medicine experts from China were organized by the China Population Welfare Foundation to evaluate 11 drugs in 5 categories， including sertraline/escitalopram/ paroxetine/fluvoxamine/citalopram/fluoxetine/venlafaxine/duloxetine/vortioxetine/agomelatine/mirtazapine， through seminars and interviews， concerning clinical real-world data and evidence-based medicine， and to form the first draft of Expert Consensus on Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of Antidepressant drugs， which is finalized after peer review by 18 clinical and pharmacy experts. The evaluation system of this expert consensus adopts the quantitative evaluation system of percentile and carries out a systematic evaluation from 6 dimensions of effectiveness， safety， economy， suitability， accessibility and innovativeness， while the evaluation dimensions are more detailed， with the operability of the drug evaluation system and the characteristics of drugs in the field of antidepressants. It aims to provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of drugs in the field of psychiatric disorders in medical institutions and help improve the quality of pharmacy services to better meet the needs of the people for medication.

Humans ; Aripiprazole/therapeutic use* ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy* ; Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Risperidone ; China ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:This study aims to explore the key points of the operation mode and construction of psychiatric research ward, provide possible reference for the construction of research ward.Methods:In this study, the construction of research ward in a psychiatric hospital was considered and explored through literature review, drawing on the operation mode of other research wards, combined with the characteristics of psychiatric clinical research.Results:This Study put forward the construction orientation and operation management mode of the psychiatric research ward, and analyzed the advantages of existing platform and key points for future development.Conclusions:The construction of psychiatric research ward should be based on clinical needs and hospital practice. Strategies including tailored fine management, optimize platform supporting, efficient organizing and management system, talent team and appropriate incentive mechanism should be implemented to strengthen the construction.

Objective To investigate the long-term effects of repeated neonatal administration of dizocipline maleate (MK-801),the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist,on recognition memory and hippocampal excitatory-inhibitory balance at the synaptic level in adult female rats.Methods Neonatal female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into model group and control group.Rats were administrated subcutaneously with MK-801 or normal saline from postnatal day (PND) 5 to PND14 (0.25 mg/kg,twice daily).(1) Object-in-context recognition test was performed on PND73-75.(2)The expression levels of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) and vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT) in hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemical staining.Results (1) The preference index of model group for new objects was significantly lower than that of the control group (t =-2.762,P=0.012).(2) There was no significant difference in the expression of VGLUT1 in hippocampus of MK-801 mode group(P＞0.05).Compared with control group(48.19±2.10),the VGAT level of model group in CA1 (39.60±2.19) was lower.Compared with control group (CA1:(0.99±0.05),CA3:(1.28±0.02),the ratio of VGLUT1/VGAT was significantly upregulated in CA1(1.16±0.05) and CA3(1.44±0.03) (P＜0.05).Conclusion Early NMDA receptor inhibition produces long-term deleterious effects on associative recognition memory and excitatory-inhibitory balance of hippocampus in female rats.These biochemical abnormalities may contribute to cognitive impairments observed in this study.

Amisulpride,a kind of the second generation antipsychotics,was marketed in China in 2010.A series of clinical research and experience before and after listed,especially the data based on Chinese population,provided evidence for the generalization and application of amisulpride.In order to optimize the clinical application of amisulpride,and improve the prognosis of patients,Expert Advice on the Practical Use of Amisulpride in the Treatment of Schizophrenia is presented here.This advice is based on the recent evidence and clinical experience,for guiding the clinical medication of amisulpride.

Objective To explore the attempted suicide risk factors of socio-demographic and clinical charac-teristics in major depressive disorder patients with atypical features (e.g. increased appetite, weight gain and greater time spent sleeping). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the data from the Diagnostic Assessment Service for People with Bipolar Disorders in China (DASP), which was initiated by the Chinese Society of Psychiatry (CSP) and carried out in 13 major mental health centers in China. Totally 179 patients were diagnosed as atypical major depres-sive disorder patients in all 1172 major depressive disorder patients using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ) by psychiatrists. Suicide attempters and nonattempters were grouped base on the interview results of suicidality module of the Mini International Neuro-psychiatric Interview (MINI). Multiple logistic regression were used to assess association between independent variables and attempted suicide in major depressive disorder patients with atypical features. Results The rater of attempted snicide was 23.5% (42/179) of atypical major depressive disorder patients reported prior or current attempted suicide. Compared to nonattempters, attempters had higher levels of suicidal ideation, postpartum depressive episodes, and the use of antipsychotic, mood stabilizers and benzodiazepines (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that number of admissions (OR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.093~2.740) and depressive episodes with suicidal ideation (OR=3.90, 95%CI: 1.506~10.092) were significantly associat-ed with attempted suicide in atypical unipolar depression patients (P<0.05). Conclusions High number of admissions and high levels of suicidal ideation may be considered as potential risk factors to identify atypical unipolar depression patients at risk for future suicidal behavior.

Objective To investigate the effects of risperidone and its active metabolite, paliperidone (9-hydroxyrisperidone), on hyperactivity and deficient sensorimotor gating induced by MK-801 in rats. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=96) were used in this study. The effects of risperidone (0.1 mg/kg) and paliperidone (0.05, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/kg) on MK-801-induced (0.40 mg/kg) hyperactivity were examined in 48 rats with with 8 animals per group.The effects of risperidone(0.5 mg/kg)and paliperidone(0.10,0.50,1.00 mg/kg)on MK-801-induced (0.25 mg/kg) deficit in prepulse inhibition (PPI) were examined in 48 rats with 8~10 animals per group. Results Risperidone (0.10 mg/kg) and paliperidone (0.05 mg/kg) diminished the MK-801-induced hyperactivity (P<0.05). But paliperidone (0.10, 0.20 mg/kg) group did not affect locomotor activity compared to the control group. Risperidone (0.10 mg/kg) and different doses of paliperidone (0.10, 0.50, 1.00 mg/kg) enhanced the PPI baseline in rats. However, only risperidone (0.10 mg/kg), but not paliperidone restored the MK-801-induced deficits in PPI. Conclusion Risperidone and paliperidone have different pharmacological actions on MK-801-induced hyperactivity and deficits in prepulse inhibition in rats, suggesting that pharmacological actions of paliperidone are different from those of risperidone, although paliperidone is the active metabolite of risperidone.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics related to sui?cide risk in misdiagnosed bipolar disorderⅡ(BPⅡ) treated for major depressive disorder. Methods A total of l478 con?secutive major depressive disorder patients were interviewed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) in 13 major mental health centers in China. Of the 1478 patients, 190 patients were diagnosed BPⅡ, who were divided into two groups (nonsuicidal risk and suicidal risk) with the suicidality module of MINI. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate significant risk factors associated with suicide risk in misdiagnosed BPⅡtreated for major depres?sive disorder. Results Of the 190 patients, 116 were in the nonsuicidal risk group and 74 were in the suicidal risk group. In comparison to the nonsuicidal risk group, the suicidal risk group had younger age [(34.45 ± 11.18) vs.(37.23 ± 13.22), P=0.008], earlier age at onset [(26.20 ± 9.16) vs. (30.37 ± 11.59), P=0.007], and more suicidal ideation (82.4%vs. 53.4%, P=0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=0.969,95% CI:0.945~0.993) and depressive epi?sodes with suicidal ideation (OR=4.129,95%CI:2.030~8.397) were significantly associated with suicide risk in patients of misdiagnosed BPⅡtreated for major depressive disorder (P<0.05). Conclusions Younger age, severer suicidal ide?ation may be potential independent risk factors to suicide risk in BPⅡwith misdiagnosed with major depressive disor?der.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics related to sui?cidal attempt in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with anxious characteristics. Methods Based on the anxious module of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a total of 728 anxious MDD patients from 13 major men?tal health centers in China were classified as suicidal and non-suicidal attempt groups. Further analyses regarding risk factors of suicidal attempt in anxious MDD patients were performed by the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Re?sults Among the 728 patients with anxious MDD analyzed, 135 (18.5%) of them had suicidal attempt and 593 (81.5%) had non-suicidal attempt. Compared to the non-suicidal attempt group, patients with suicidal attempt had significantly earlier age onset[(32.3 ± 11.9) vs. (35.3 ± 13.1)], more lifetime depression episodes (median:2 vs. 2), more number of ad?missions (median: 1 vs. 0), more frequent depressive episodes (14.8% vs. 7.4%), more atypical characteristics (25.9%vs.15.0%), more suicidal ideation (78.5%vs. 50.3%) and more antidepressant use (81.5%vs. 71.2%). Logistic regression analysis showed that number of admissions (OR=1.18, 95%CI:1.02~1.37), frequent depressive episodes (OR=2.10, 95%CI:1.14~3.68), depressive episodes with suicidal ideation (OR=3.55, 95%CI:2.28~5.54) were associated with suicidal at?tempt in MDD patients with anxious characteristics (P<0.05). Conclusions More number of admissions, more frequent depressive episodes, comorbid suicidal ideation may be risk factors of suicidal attempt in anxious MDD patients.