Aim To explore the effects of Lycium berry seed oil on Nrf2/ARE pathway and oxidative damage in testis of subacute aging rats. Methods Fifty out of 60 male SD rats, aged 8 weeks, were subcutaneously injected with 125 mg • kg"D-galactosidase in the neck for 8 weeks to establish a subacute senescent rat model. The presence of senescent cells was observed using P-galactosidase ((3-gal), while testicular morphology was examined using HE staining. Serum levels of testosterone (testosterone, T), follicle-stimulating hormone ( follicle stimulating hormone, FSH ) , luteinizing hormone ( luteinizing hormone, LH ) , superoxide dis-mutase ( superoxide dismutase, SOD ) , glutathione ( glutathione, GSH) and malondialdehyde ( malondial-dehyde, MDA) were measured through ELISA, and the expressions of factors related to aging, oxidative damage, and the Nrf2/ARE pathway were assessed via immunohistochemical analysis and Western blotting. Results After successfully identifying the model, the morphology of the testis was improved and the intervention of Lycium seed oil led to a down-regulation in the expression of [3-gal and -yH2AX. The serum levels of SOD, GSH, T, and FSH increased while MDA and LH decreased (P 0. 05) . Additionally, there was an up-regulated expression of Nrf2, GCLC, NQOl, and SOD2 proteins in testicular tissue ( P 0. 05 ) and nuclear expression of Nrf2 in sertoli cells. Conclusion Lycium barbarum seed oil may reduce oxidative damage in testes of subacute senescent rats by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.

Based on FangNet platform,the data of the prescriptions for the effective cases of post-stroke sequelae treated by national renowned Chinese medical practitioner LIU Mao-Cai were collected for the analysis of medication frequency of the prescribed drugs as well as their properties,flavors and meridian tropism.The medication rules of LIU Mao-Cai for treating post-stroke sequelae was summarized by analyzing the weight scale,co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity of the prescribed drugs and by drug-symptom association rule analysis and drug clustering analysis.The results showed that a total of 105 prescriptions involving 95 Chinese medicines were obtained.The drugs in the prescriptions were mainly warm in nature,sweet in flavor and had the meridian tropism of liver meridian.There were 17 driver herbs,and they were Astragali Radix,Gastrodiae Rhizoma,Corni Fructus,Codonopsis Radix,Eucommiae Cortex,Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Polygalae Radix,Curcumae Longae Rhizoma,Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma,Ophiopogonis Radix,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Poria,Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis,Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum,and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus.The results of drug co-occurrence analysis yielded 12 drug pairs such as Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Eucommiae Cortex,drug-symptom association rule analysis yielded 9 groups of drug-symptom association combinations such as Gastrodiae Rhizoma-dizziness,and cluster analysis yielded 4 drug combinations.The results indicated that the drugs for post-stroke sequelae treated by LIU Mao-Cai are mild in nature and mainly have the actions of supporting healthy-qi and replenishing the deficient,and Astragali Radix and Codonopsis Radix are often used to replenish the vital energy,and Corni Fructus,Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix and Eucommiae Cortex are usually used to tonify the liver and kidney.Moreover,simultaneous treatment of phlegm and blood stasis,and simultaneous application of purging and nourishing therapeutics are also stressed.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Children and adults differ significantly in physiology,biochemistry and immune function,which leads to sig-nificant differences in blood transfusion strategies between children and adults.To guide the clinical transfusion practice of pediatric patients and improve the prognosis of children,the National Health Commission organized the formulation and re-lease of the health industry standard Guideline for Pediatric Transfusion(WS/T 795-2022).This paper will briefly introduce some concepts that help understand of the Standard and the preparation process of the Standard,and explain and interpret the preparation of the"scope","general provisions"and"factors to consider"of the Standard,hoping to contribute to the understanding and implementation of the Standard.

Jinqi Jiangtang Capsule (JQJTC) is clinically used for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, but the contents of its main chemical components are not yet clear. In this study, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was established for the determination of 15 components in JQJTC, including new chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, formononetin, ononin, calycosin, calycosin-7-glucoside, astragaloside IV, berberine, epiberberine, berberrubine, coptisine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine and magnoflorine. The method was used to determine the contents of 15 components in the capsule and then to investigate the influence of excipients on the contents of the components in JQJTC. The separation was performed on a ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% acetic acid and 5 mmol·L^-1 ammonium acetate (A) and acetonitrile (B) with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min^-1 and a column temperature at 40 ℃. Electron spray ionization was used for mass spectrometry in positive ion mode. The established method meets the requirements of methodology of content determination in Chinese pharmacopoeia. The contents of 15 components in JQJTC varied from high to low. The top 5 contents were berberine, chlorogenic acid, magnoflorine, coptisine, and cryptochlorogenic acid, accounting for 87.31% of the total content. The contents of 10 components, including the alkaloids of coptidis rhizoma (berberine, epiberberine, berberrubine, coptisine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine and magnoflorine) and the organic acids of honeysuckle (new chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, and cryptochlorogenic acid) in the whole formula extract without excipients was significantly lower than that in the capsule. These components accounted for 99.20% of the determined component contents. In this experiment, an accurate, sensitive and efficient UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of multi-components in JQJTC was established, which stably and reliably detected the contents of 15 components in the capsule and could provide the basis for more comprehensive quality analysis. It was also found that excipients had an increasing effect on the contents of detected alkaloid and organic acid components, which may be beneficial to the effectiveness of the capsules.

Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1)alkylation plays a central role in anti-inflammatory therapy.However,activators of Nrf2 through alkylation of Keap1-Kelch domain have not been identified.Deoxynyboquinone(DNQ)is a natural small molecule discovered from marine actinomycetes.The current study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of DNQ via alkylation of Keap1.DNQ exhibited signif-icant anti-inflammatory properties both in vitro and in vivo.The pharmacophore responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of DNQ was determined to be the α,β-unsaturated amides moieties by a chemical reaction between DNQ and N-acetylcysteine.DNQ exerted anti-inflammatory effects through activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway.Keap1 was demonstrated to be the direct target of DNQ and bound with DNQ through conjugate addition reaction involving alkylation.The specific alkylation site of DNQ on Keap1 for Nrf2 activation was elucidated with a synthesized probe in conjunction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.DNQ triggered the ubiquitination and subsequent degra-dation of Keap1 by alkylation of the cysteine residue 489(Cys489)on Keap1-Kelch domain,ultimately enabling the activation of Nrf2.Our findings revealed that DNQ exhibited potent anti-inflammatory capacity through α,β-unsaturated amides moieties active group which specifically activated Nrf2 signal pathway via alkylation/ubiquitination of Keap1-Kelch domain,suggesting the potential values of targeting Cys489 on Keap1-Kelch domain by DNQ-like small molecules in inflammatory therapies.

Objective To observe the effect of Bushen Jianpi Prescription,a prescription with the actions of tonifying the kidney and strengthening the spleen,combined with short-term intensive insulin therapy on dedifferentiation of pancreatic beta-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)of spleen and kidney deficiency type.Methods Seventy patients with T2DM of spleen and kidney deficiency type were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 35 cases in each group.The control group was treated with intensive insulin therapy,and the observation group was treated with Bushen Jianpi Prescription on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment lasted for 2 weeks.The changes of TCM syndrome score,and levels of blood glucose,serum high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and the ratio of proinsulin to insulin(PI/I)in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Results(1)During the treatment,one case in the control group and 2 cases in the observation group fell off.Eventually,34 cases in the control group and 33 cases in the observation group were included in the efficacy statistics.(2)After treatment,the scores of TCM syndromes in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose(2hPG)in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the level of HMGB1 in the two groups was significantly lower than that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(5)After treatment,the serum levels of inflammatory factors of IL-1β and TNF-α in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(6)After treatment,the PI/I ratio of the two groups was significantly lower than that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bushen Jianpi Prescription combined with short-term intensive insulin therapy can effectively improve the islet function of patients with T2DM of spleen and kidney deficiency type.The mechanism may be related to the relief of high-glucose toxicity and the decrease of the inflammatory factor levels,thus to inhibit the dedifferentiation of pancreatic beta-cells.

Objective To explore the effect of cardiac shock wave therapy(CSWT)on ST deviation of electrocardiogram and myocardial perfusion imaging in coronary artery disease(CAD)patients.Methods CAD patients who received CSWT in Cardiology Department of Beijing Hospital from December 2016 to August 2022 were enrolled.Three months of CSWT were conducted with a total of 9 times shock wave treatment.Clinical data,myocardial perfusion imaging data and stress electrocardiogram data were collected.Myocardial perfusion score,electrocardiographic data were compared before and after CSWT.Results A total of 55 patients were finally enrolled.There were 43 male and 12 female patients with an average age of(67.45±8.96)years old.ST deviation on 12 leads of electrocardiogram did not show significant difference before and after CSWT.Myocardial perfusion imaging showed global stress perfusion score(P=0.031)and reverse perfusion score(P=0.024).Global rest ischemia score reduced after CSWT(P=0.034).Target stress perfusion score(P=0.002),target reverse perfusion score(P=0.002),target reverse ischemic area(P=0.001)were improved after CSWT.Conclusions CSWT may not influence ST deviation of electrocardiogram,but may improve myocardial ischemia in CAD patients,

Here,5 important pathogens carried by ticks in Maanshan City,Anhui Province,China were identified.In to-tal,642 ticks were collected from 13 villages around Maanshan City and identified by morphological and mitochondrial COI genes.The 16S rRNA gene of Francisella tularensis,ssrA gene of Bartonella,16S rRNA,ompA and ompB genes of Rickett-sia,16S rRNA and gltA genes of Anaplasma,and groEL and rpoB genes of Coxiella were sequenced.Reference sequences were retrieved from a public database.Phylogenetic trees were constructed with MEG A1 1.0 software.In total,36 Rickettsiae isolates were detected in 640 Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks,which included 20 isolates of Rickettsia heilongjian-gensis,16 of Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis,2 of Ana-plasma bovis,and 186 of Coxiella-like endosymbiont.R.hei-longjiangensis HY2 detected in this study and Anhui B8 strain,Ca.R.jingxinensis QL3 and those from Shanxi Prov-ince and Jiangsu Province,A.bovis JX4 and those from Shanxi Province were clustered on the same branch.Overall,17 ticks had combined infections and none of the 5 bacteria were detected in two Amblyomma testudinarium ticks.This is the first report of Ca.R.jingxinensis detected in H.longicornis ticks from Anhui Province.It is recommended that the two types of Rickettsia that cause spotted fever and A.bovis should be reported to local health authorities to initiate appropriate prevention and control measures.

Purpose::This study evaluated the methods and clinical effects of multidisciplinary collaborative treatment for occlusal reconstruction in patients with old jaw fractures and dentition defects.Methods::Patients with old jaw fractures and dentition defects who underwent occlusal reconstruction at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were enrolled. Clinical treatment was classified into 3 phases. In phase I, techniques such as orthognathic surgery, microsurgery, and distraction osteogenesis were employed to reconstruct the correct 3-dimensional (3D) jaw position relationship. In phase II, bone augmentation and soft tissue management techniques were utilized to address insufficient alveolar bone mass and poor gingival soft tissue conditions. In phase III, implant-supported overdentures or fixed dentures were used for occlusal reconstruction. A summary of treatment methods, clinical efficacy evaluation, comparative analysis of imageological examinations, and satisfaction questionnaire survey were utilized to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy in patients with traumatic old jaw fractures and dentition defects. All data are summarized using the arithmetic mean ± standard deviation and compared using independent sample t-tests. Results::In 15 patients with old jaw fractures and dentition defects (an average age of 32 years, ranging from 18 to 53 years), there were 7 cases of malocclusion of single maxillary fracture, 6 of malocclusion of single mandible fracture, and 2 of malocclusion of both maxillary and mandible fractures. There were 5 patients with single maxillary dentition defects, 2 with single mandibular dentition defects, and 8 with both maxillary and mandibular dentition defects. To reconstruct the correct 3D jaw positional relationship, 5 patients underwent Le Fort I osteotomy of the maxilla, 3 underwent bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the mandible, 4 underwent open reduction and internal fixation for old jaw fractures, 3 underwent temporomandibular joint surgery, and 4 underwent distraction osteogenesis. All patients underwent jawbone augmentation, of whom 4 patients underwent a free composite vascularized bone flap (26.66%) and the remaining patients underwent local alveolar bone augmentation. Free gingival graft and connective tissue graft were the main methods for soft tissue augmentation (73.33%). The 15 patients received 81 implants, of whom 11 patients received implant-supported fixed dentures and 4 received implant-supported removable dentures. The survival rate of all implants was 93.82%. The final imageological examination of 15 patients confirmed that the malocclusion was corrected, and the clinical treatment ultimately achieved occlusal function reconstruction. The patient satisfaction questionnaire survey showed that they were satisfied with the efficacy, phonetics, aesthetics, and comfort after treatment.Conclusion::Occlusal reconstruction of old jaw fractures and dentition defects requires a phased sequential comprehensive treatment, consisting of 3D spatial jaw correction, alveolar bone augmentation and soft tissue augmentation, and implant-supported occlusal reconstruction, achieving satisfactory clinical therapeutic efficacy.