AIM: To predict the core targets and related signaling pathways of Yi-xin-yin oral liquid for the treatment of arrhythmia, heart failure and myocarditis based on UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, network pharmacology, molecular docking methods, cell experiments, according to the“homotherapy for heteropathy”theory in traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: UHPLC-Q-TOF / MS was used to analyze and identify the chemical composition of Yi-xin-yin oral liquid Extract and the blood-absorbing components of rats oral administrated with Yi-xin-yin oral liquid extract, which compounds were applied in the databases searching for the potential targets (TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction) and disease targets (OMIM, Genecard). Venn diagram was used for target intersection, and the subsequent protein-protein interaction network obtained core targets by STRING11.5 database, and then construct a "disease-component-target" network by cytoscape3.9.0. Finally, DAVID database was used to analysis GO function and KEGG enrichment analysis of core targets, and molecular docking validation was performed using Autodock vina software. And, validated with H9c2 cells for potential active ingredients and targets. RESULTS: A total of 156 compounds were identified from Yi - xin-yin Oral Liquid extract; 34 compounds were identified from rat serum, including 6-gin-gerol, isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid and other compounds, and 139 intersecting targets were obtained. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis mainly involved the TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and so on. The TNF and IL-6 targets were selected for molecular docking with the main compounds, and the docking results were good (less than -5 kcal/mol). In vitro cellular experiments have shown that Yi-xin-yin oral liquid can exert therapeutic effects by regulating TNF and IL-6. CONCLUSION: The main potential active ingredients of Yi-xin-yin oral liquid may be isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhetinic acid, calycosin-7-glucoside, salvianolic acid B, and 6-gingerol, which mainly act on TNF, IL-6 and other targets to regulate specific signaling pathways and exert therapeutic effects.

This article reviews the concept, evaluation tools, current situation, influencing factors and promotion strategies of nurses′ remote health care readiness, in an effort to provide reference for nursing managers to construct intervention programs to improve the level of nurses′ remote health care readiness, to promote the successful development of remote healthcare and the sinking of high-quality nursing resources.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stromal cells isolated from bone marrow,fat,umbilical cord and other tissues.It can differentiate into different cell types and secrete a variety of proteins with therapeutic potential,which has a good application prospect in the repair of muscle tissue. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in promoting muscle tissue repair and provide a theoretical basis for further clinical application. METHODS:Relevant articles published from inception to 2022 were retrieved from CNKI,VIP,WanFang,PubMed,Embase and Web of Science databases.The keywords were"mesenchymal stem cells,muscle tissue,muscle injury,muscle atrophy,exosomes,scaffolds"in Chinese and English.The literature about mesenchymal stem cell migration promoting muscle fiber proliferation and repair was screened.Finally,98 articles were included for review and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The related mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell migration promoting muscle fiber proliferation and repair are complex,mostly by anti-inflammatory,inhibiting interstitial fibrosis,inhibiting the fat formation and other ways to promote muscle fiber proliferation and repair.(2)The related biological scaffolds and cell co-culture based on mesenchymal stem cells can significantly compensate for the low survival rate of mesenchymal stem cells after colonization.(3)At present,mesenchymal stem cell therapy still has apparent limitations.In the future,mesenchymal stem cells combined with other therapies should become the primary development trend.

The occurrence of benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH)was related to disrupted sex steroid hormones,and metformin(Met)had a clinical response to sex steroid hormone-related gynaecological disease.How-ever,whether Met exerts an antiproliferative effect on BPH via sex steroid hormones remains unclear.Here,our clinical study showed that along with prostatic epithelial cell(PEC)proliferation,sex steroid hormones were dysregulated in the serum and prostate of BPH patients.As the major contributor to dysregulated sex steroid hormones,elevated dihydrotestosterone(DHT)had a significant positive rela-tionship with the clinical characteristics of BPH patients.Activation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)by Met restored dysregulated sex steroid hormone homeostasis and exerted antiproliferative effects against DHT-induced proliferation by inhibiting the formation of androgen receptor(AR)-mediated Yes-associated protein(YAP1)-TEA domain transcription factor(TEAD4)heterodimers.Met's anti-proliferative effects were blocked by AMPK inhibitor or YAP1 over-expression in DHT-cultured BPH-1 cells.Our findings indicated that Met would be a promising clinical therapeutic approach for BPH by inhibiting dysregulated steroid hormone-induced PEC proliferation.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of hydrogen on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and nigericin-induced pyroptosis in macrophages and the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1).Methods:Human monocyte-derived macrophages THP-1 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into 4 groups ( n=25 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), LPS and nigericin group (group LN), hydrogen-rich medium+ LPS and nigericin group (group H+ LN), and lentiviral transfection+ hydrogen-rich medium+ LPS-nigericin group (group LV+ H+ LN). THP-1 cells were cultured in the common culture medium for 24 h in group C. LPS at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml and nigericin 10 μmol/L were added to the culture medium, and the cells were incubated for 24 h in group LN. In group H+ LN, the culture medium was replaced with 0.6 mmol/L hydrogen-rich medium, then LPS at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml and nigericin 10 μmol/L were immediately added, and the cells were incubated for 24 h. In group LV+ H+ LN, THP-1 cells over-expressing NEAT1 stably after being transfected with lentivirus were used, then LPS at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml and nigericin 10 μmol/L were immediately added, and the cells were incubated for 24 h. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release was assessed by colorimetric method. The amount of LDH released was measured by colorimetry. The concentrations of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and IL-18 in culture medium were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The pyroptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor-containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) was detected by Western blot. The expression of NEAT1 gene was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results:Compared with group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the amount of LDH released, concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18, and pyroptotic rate were increased, and the expression of NEAT1 gene, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and GSDMD was up-regulated in group LN ( P<0.05). Compared with group LN, the cell viability was significantly increased, the amount of LDH released, concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18, and pyroptotic rate were decreased, and the expression of NEAT1 gene, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and GSDMD was down-regulated in group H+ LN ( P<0.05). Compared with group H+ LN, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the amount of LDH released, concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18, and pyroptotic rate were increased, and the expression of NEAT1 gene, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and GSDMD was up-regulated in group LV+ H+ LN ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Hydrogen can ameliorate LPS and nigericin-induced pyroptosis in macrophages, and the mechanism may be associated with down-regulating the expression of lncRNA NEAT1.

ObjectiveTo investigate the infection and genotypes of Wolbachia in Aedes albopictus. MethodsAdult and larval samples of Aedes albopictus were collected from different residential and wild areas from 2020 to 2021， Wolbachia surface protein （wsp） gene was amplified and genotyped for wAlbA and wAlbB by PCR， and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The difference of detection rate among different habitats， male and female adult mosquitoes， adult and larvae was compared by χ² analysis. ResultsThe detection rate of Wolbachia in adult and larvae of Aedes albopictus were 43.5% （77/177） and 70.4% （190/270）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=32.086，P<0.001）， and wAlbA and wAlbB were mainly detected together. The detection rate of Wolbachia in female and male Aedes albopictus were 50.7% （76/150） and 3.7% （1/27）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference（χ²=20.533，P<0.001）. The detection rate of adult Aedes albopictus in Songjiang wild area， residential area and Hongkou residential area were 91.7% （55/60）， 18.8% （22/117） and 41.7% （30/72）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=54.322，P<0.001）. Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis showed that adult and larvae of Aedes albopictus infected with Wolbachia were mainly wAlb A and wAlb B. In addition， some sequences formed clades independently， and the genetic distance from other sequences was relatively large. ConclusionInfection of Wolbachia in Aedes albopictus is relatively common in Songjiang District. The main genotypes are wAlb A and wAlb B and there may be other subtypes， which are worthy of further exploration and research.

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of atorvastatin calcium on carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)and serum lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2),oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)and homocysteine(Hey)levels in patients with atherosclerosis.Methods Patients with atherosclerosis were divided into low-dose group(atorvastatin calcium tablets,20 mg·d-1)and high-dose group(atorvastatin calcium tablets,40 mg·d-1)according to the treatment scheme.The levels of blood lipids[triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL)and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)],carotid atherosclerotic plaque characteristics(CIMT and plaque area),serum Lp-PLA2,ox-LDL and Hcy levels were compared between groups.Adverse drug reactions in two groups were recorded.Results There were 98 cases in low-dose group,102 cases in high-dose group.After treatment,the levels of TG in high-dose group and low-dose group were(3.75±0.59)and(5.36±0.83)mmol·L 1;the levels of TC were(4.07±0.98)and(4.52±1.02)mmol·L-1;the levels of LDL were(1.89±0.58)and(1.49±0.42)mmol·L-1;the levels of and HDL were(1.85±0.58)and(2.67±0.73)mmol·L-1;CIMT were(1.14±0.18)and(1.30±0.20)mm;plaque areas were(18.59±2.17)and(22.72±2.81)mm2;the levels of Lp-PLA2 were(116.27±28.46)and(135.74±25.03)μg·L-1;the levels of ox-LDL were(12.07±2.59)and(13.42±2.25)μg·L-1;the levels of Hcy were(11.92±3.12)and(15.21±3.06)μmol·L-1.The above indexes were significantly different between high-dose group and low-dose group(all P＜0.05).The total incidence rates of adverse drug reactions in high-dose group and low-dose group were 22.55％and 14.29％(P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with low-dose atorvastatin calcium,high-dose atorvastatin calcium can better improve blood lipid level of patients with atherosclerosis,reduce plaques,inhibit inflammatory reaction and reduce the formation of atherosclerosis.The two are comparably safe.

Objective To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture pretreatment(EP)for relieving post-stroke spasticity in rats.Methods Eighteen rats were randomized equally into sham-operated group,middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)group,and MCAO+EP group.In MCAO+EP group,the rats received electroacupuncture at the acupoints Qubin and Baihui for 3 consecutive days prior to MCAO.Neurological deficits and cognitive function of the rats were evaluated,and pathologies in the hippocampus were examined using HE,Nissl,and TUNEL staining.The expressions of IL-4,IL-6,TNF-α,and TMAO in the brain tissues were detected with ELISA,and the mRNA and protein expression levels of NF-κB p65,NLRP3,caspase-3,and caspase-9 were determined with qRT-PCR,Western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.Results The rats receiving MCAO had significantly increased neurological deficit scores and showed increased muscle tension,number of apoptotic neurons,and expressions of IL-6,TNF-α,NF-κB p65,NLRP3,caspase-3 and caspase-9 in the hippocampus and significantly reduced length of time for new object recognition.Microscopically,the cells in the hippocampus of the MCAO rats showed uneven and loosened arrangement and unclear cell boundaries.In contrast,the rats in I/R+EP group showed significantly lowered neurological deficit scores and dystonia rating scores,reduced cell apoptosis,lowered hippocampal expressions of IL-6,TNF-α,caspase-3,caspase-9,and NF-κB p65,increased time for new object recognition,tightly arranged and uniformly stained hippocampal cells with clear boundaries,with also an increased number of active neurons and enhanced expression of IL-4 in the hippocampus.Conclusion EP alleviates post-stroke spasticity in rats by inhibiting inflammatory responses and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis mediated by the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results is a major challenge. Transparent and accurate reporting of the research process enables readers to evaluate the reliability of the research results and further explore the experiment by repeating it or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist that is applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as enhance the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translation of animal experimental results. The use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and completeness of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is based on the best practices following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals, and it interprets, explains, and elaborates in Chinese the fifth part of the comprehensive version of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in PLoS Biology in 2020 (the original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org). This section includes the items 6-11 of Recommended 11 section, covering "Animal Care and Monitoring", "Interpretation/Scientific Implications", "Generalisability/Translation", "Protocol Registration", "Data Access" and "Declaration of Interests". Its aim is to promote a comprehensive understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines among domestic researchers, to enhance the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and to promote high-quality development of experimental animal sciences and comparative medicine research in China.

Objective To explore the effect of shikonin on the recovery of nerve function after acute spinal cord injury(SCI)in rats.Methods 96 male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into 4 groups randomly:sham operation group(Group A),sham operation+shikonin group(Group B),SCI+DMSO(Group C),SCI+shikonin group(Group D).The acute SCI model of rats was made by clamp method in groups C and D.After subdural catheterization,no drug was given in group A.rats in groups B and D were injected with 100 mg·kg-1 of shikonin through catheter 30 min after modeling,and rats in group C were given with the same amount of DMSO,once a day until the time point of collection tissue.Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan(BBB)scores were performed on 8 rats in each group at 6,12,and 3 d after moneling,and oblique plate tests were performed on 1,3,7 and 14 d after modeling,and then spinal cord tissues were collected.Eight rats were intraperitoneally injected with propidine iodide(PI)1 h before sacrificed to detection PI positive cells at 24 h in each group.Eight rats were sacrificed in each group at 24 h after modeling,the spinal cord injury was observed by HE staining.The Nissl staining was used to observe survivor number of nerve cells.Western-blot technique was used to detect the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein and apoptosis related protein RIPK1.Results After modeling,BBB scores were normal in group A and B,but in group C and D were significantly higher than those in group A and B.And the scores in group D were higher than those in group C in each time point(P＜0.05).At 12 h after modeling,the PI red stained cells in group D were significantly reduced compared with that in group C,and the disintegration of neurons was alleviated(P＜0.05).HE and Nissl staining showed nerve cells with normal morphology in group A and B at 24h after operation.The degree of SCI and the number of neuronal survival in group D were better than those in group C,the differ-ence was statistically significant at 24h(P＜0.05).The expression of Bcl-2 and RIPK1 proteins was very low in group A and B;The expression of RIPK1 was significantly increased in Group C and decreased in Group D,with a statistically significant dif-ference(P＜0.05);The expression of Bcl-2 protein in group D was significantly higher than that in group C(P＜0.05).Conclu-sion Shikonin can alleviate the pathological changes after acute SCI in rats,improve the behavioral score,and promote the re-covery of spinal nerve function.The specific mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TNFR/RIPK1 signaling pathway mediated necrotic apoptosis.