Sonozaki syndrome is an exceptionally rare chronic rheumatic disorder characterized by pustulosis on the palms and soles, as well as arthritis and osteitis. This syndrome belongs to the category of spondyloarthritis, which includes psoriatic arthritis. Pustules are concentrated on the palms and soles, whereas arthro-osteitis predominantly affects the sternoclavicular and costochondral joints. This report presents the case of a 32-year-old man with a 2-month history of worsening anterior chest wall pain and pustular eruptions on the palms and soles.

Sonozaki syndrome is an exceptionally rare chronic rheumatic disorder characterized by pustulosis on the palms and soles, as well as arthritis and osteitis. This syndrome belongs to the category of spondyloarthritis, which includes psoriatic arthritis. Pustules are concentrated on the palms and soles, whereas arthro-osteitis predominantly affects the sternoclavicular and costochondral joints. This report presents the case of a 32-year-old man with a 2-month history of worsening anterior chest wall pain and pustular eruptions on the palms and soles.

Sonozaki syndrome is an exceptionally rare chronic rheumatic disorder characterized by pustulosis on the palms and soles, as well as arthritis and osteitis. This syndrome belongs to the category of spondyloarthritis, which includes psoriatic arthritis. Pustules are concentrated on the palms and soles, whereas arthro-osteitis predominantly affects the sternoclavicular and costochondral joints. This report presents the case of a 32-year-old man with a 2-month history of worsening anterior chest wall pain and pustular eruptions on the palms and soles.

Sonozaki syndrome is an exceptionally rare chronic rheumatic disorder characterized by pustulosis on the palms and soles, as well as arthritis and osteitis. This syndrome belongs to the category of spondyloarthritis, which includes psoriatic arthritis. Pustules are concentrated on the palms and soles, whereas arthro-osteitis predominantly affects the sternoclavicular and costochondral joints. This report presents the case of a 32-year-old man with a 2-month history of worsening anterior chest wall pain and pustular eruptions on the palms and soles.

Sonozaki syndrome is an exceptionally rare chronic rheumatic disorder characterized by pustulosis on the palms and soles, as well as arthritis and osteitis. This syndrome belongs to the category of spondyloarthritis, which includes psoriatic arthritis. Pustules are concentrated on the palms and soles, whereas arthro-osteitis predominantly affects the sternoclavicular and costochondral joints. This report presents the case of a 32-year-old man with a 2-month history of worsening anterior chest wall pain and pustular eruptions on the palms and soles.

Traditional hyperthermia involves increasing the temperature at the tumor site to above 39 ℃, inducing death in cancer cells. Although hyperthermia is an effective cancer treatment, its clinical application has decreased due to potential complications, including damage to surrounding normal tissue. In recent years, modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) has emerged as an effective and safe treatment modality. mEHT selectively heats tumor cells to 42–43 °C, while reducing the average temperature in the treatment area, including the surrounding normal tissue, compared to conventional methods. Additionally, mEHT may be used in combination with systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy in tumor treatment, providing a synergistic effect to increase efficacy. As chemotherapy and radiation therapy technologies advance, the application of combined mEHT may improve clinical outcomes. In this study, we review and discuss reports on the clinical outcomes of mEHT combined with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, which are established anticancer treatments.

Purpose: To differentiate a non-cancer-related temporary increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) triggering unnecessary biopsy, we intentionally delayed biopsy with a serial follow-up, then investigated the efficacy of this strategy in identifying a significant prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and Methods: Retrospective data of patients who initially presented with a suspicious level of serum PSA (3–20 ng/mL), managed using the delayed strategy, and then eventually underwent biopsy were obtained from 4 tertiary centers between 2018–2020. Results: The collected 271 subjects had a median (interquartile range) PSA, age, and prostate volume of 5.03 ng/mL (4.46–7.79 ng/mL), 67 years (61–73 years), and 38 g (28–50 g), respectively. During the delay period of 8 weeks (4–19 weeks), most were managed with alpha-blockers (85.6%, n=232). Ninety-four (34.7%) experienced a PSA decrease of 20.53% (8.82–38.16). Eventual biopsy revealed 115 PCa cases (42.5%) including 82 significant ones and 46 high-risk diseases. Men with a PSA decrease had a lower probability of PCa (31.9% vs. 48%, p=0.014), a significant disease (21.3% vs. 35.0%, p=0.026), and high-risk PCa (7.4% vs. 22.0%, p=0.002) than the PSA-elevated counterparts. However, the degree of PSA decrease was not associated with the presence or the severity of PCa. In patients with PSA normalization (≤3 ng/mL), though 4 patients of them (66%) had PCa including a single significant disease, none had high-risk disease. Conclusions About one-third of individuals initially indicated for transrectal biopsy experienced a decrease in PSA, and their chance for significant PCa was diminished. This retrospective study suggests PSA normalization could be an acceptable notion, though requires further investigation.

BACKGROUND: The vocal cord tissue consists of three anatomical layers from the surface to deep inside: the epithelium that contains almost no collagen, the lamina propria that is composed of abundant collagen, and the vocalis muscle layer. It is clinically important to visualize the tissue microstructure using a non-invasive method, especially in the case of vocal cord nodules or cancer, since histological changes in each layer of the vocal cord cause changes in the voice. Polarizationsensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) enables phase retardation measurement to evaluate birefringence of tissue with varied organization of collagen fibers in different tissue layers. Therefore, PS-OCT can visualize structural changes between normal and abnormal vocal cord tissue.METHOD: A rabbit laryngeal tumor model with different stages of tumor progression was investigated ex-vivo by PSOCT. A phase retardation slope-based analysis, which quantifies the birefringence in different layers, was conducted to distinguish the epithelium, lamina propria, and muscle layers. RESULTS: The PS-OCT images showed a gradual decrease in birefringence from normal tissue to advanced tumor tissue.The quantitative analysis provided a more detailed comparison among different stages of the rabbit laryngeal tumor model, which was validated by the corresponding histological findings. CONCLUSION Differences in tissue birefringence was evaluated by PS-OCT phase retardation measurement. It is also possible to indirectly infer the dysplastic changes based on the mucosal and submucosal alterations.

BACKGROUND: Polarization sensitive-optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) provides the unique advantage of being able to measure the optical characteristics of tissues by using polarized light. Although the well-organized fibers of healthy muscle can change the polarization states of passing light, damaged tissue has different behaviors. There are studies on optical imaging methods applied to the respiratory organs; however, they are restricted to structural imaging. In particular, the intercostal muscle situated under the pleura is very challenging to visualize due to the difficulty of access.METHOD: In this study, PS-OCT was used to identify subpleural cancer in male New Zealand white rabbits (3.2–3.4 kg) and to assess the phase retardation changes in normal and cancerous chest walls. VX2 cell suspension was injected between the intercostal muscle and parietal pleura and a tented area was observed by thoracic scope. A group of rabbits (n = 3) were sacrificed at day 7 after injection and another group (n = 3) at day 14. RESULTS: In the PS-OCT images, pleura thickness changes and muscle damage were criteria to understand the stages of the disease. The results of image and phase retardation analysis matched well with the pathologic examinations. CONCLUSION We were able to visualize and analyze subpleural cancer by PS-OCT, which provided structural and functional information. The measured phase retardation could help to identify the margin of the tumor. For further studies, various approaches into other diseases using polarization light are expected to have positive results.

BACKGROUND: The vocal cord tissue consists of three anatomical layers from the surface to deep inside: the epithelium that contains almost no collagen, the lamina propria that is composed of abundant collagen, and the vocalis muscle layer. It is clinically important to visualize the tissue microstructure using a non-invasive method, especially in the case of vocal cord nodules or cancer, since histological changes in each layer of the vocal cord cause changes in the voice. Polarizationsensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) enables phase retardation measurement to evaluate birefringence of tissue with varied organization of collagen fibers in different tissue layers. Therefore, PS-OCT can visualize structural changes between normal and abnormal vocal cord tissue.METHOD: A rabbit laryngeal tumor model with different stages of tumor progression was investigated ex-vivo by PSOCT. A phase retardation slope-based analysis, which quantifies the birefringence in different layers, was conducted to distinguish the epithelium, lamina propria, and muscle layers. RESULTS: The PS-OCT images showed a gradual decrease in birefringence from normal tissue to advanced tumor tissue.The quantitative analysis provided a more detailed comparison among different stages of the rabbit laryngeal tumor model, which was validated by the corresponding histological findings. CONCLUSION Differences in tissue birefringence was evaluated by PS-OCT phase retardation measurement. It is also possible to indirectly infer the dysplastic changes based on the mucosal and submucosal alterations.