Objective To analyze the diagnostic quality of imported malaria in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2022, and to further improve the diagnostic level and consolidate the achievements in eliminating malaria. Methods The samples of reported malaria cases in Hubei were collected by the provincial reference laboratory (PRL) from 2019 to 2022. The microscopy and fluorescent PCR were performed to confirm the infection of plasmodium species of each case．The positive coincidence rate and species coincidence rate were analyzed and compared． Results A total of 257 imported malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province from 2019 to 2022. Among 229 malaria cases were confirmed, the overall coincidence for malaria diagnosis was 91.24% (229/251), and the overall coincidence rate for parasite species identification was 86.03% (197/229). The difference in species coincidence rate among different years was statistically significant (χ²=10.458, P<0.05). The coincidence rates of malaria diagnosis and parasite species identification in different cities (prefectures) of Hubei Province were 71.43% to 100.00% and 50.00% to 100.00%, respectively, with significant differences among different regions (χ²=29.283, P<0.05). The coincidence rates of malaria diagnosis and parasite species identification were 72.73% to 100.00% and 0.00% to 100.00% in different diagnostic institutions, and the coincidence rate of species identification in hospitals (87.61%) was higher than that in Centers for Disease Control institutions (54.55%) (χ²=81.275, P<0.05). The coincidence rates of Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale identification were 91.50%, 88.57%, 80.00%, and 58.06%, respectively (χ²=19.777, P<0.05). Conclusion The quality of the qualitative diagnosis of malaria cases reported online from 2019 to 2022 is generally high. However, the ability of Plasmodium typing needs to be improved. In the future, technical training and quality control should be strengthened to improve the malaria surveillance capability during the post-elimination stage.

Objective The main points of diagnosis and treatment of ureterocutaneous fistula after in situ bladder operation were discussed based on clinical data and literature.Methods This report presents the data of a patient who developed a ureterocutaneous fistula 10 years after an in situ bladder procedure at Yuechi County People's Hospital.Results A 77-year-old male underwent laparoscopic cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder for bladder cancer.The case manifested as fluid leakage from the original surgical incision,initially misdiagnosed as abdominal wall sinus.After right nephrectomy due to non-functional kidney,the fistula healed.Conclusion Ureterocutaneous fistulas are commonly associated with kidney transplantation and postoperative complications of upper urinary tract such as calculi and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.Fistulography can be conclusive for this condition.Prompt identification and repair of urinary tract injuries are crucial.

Objective To establish and validate a method for simultaneous determination of 9 sedative-hypnotics in human plasma,and to explore the preliminary clinical application.Methods Plasma samples were precipitated with acetonitrile and determined by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.The column was Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18(2.1 mm × 50.0 mm,2.7μm)and eluted with acetonitrile water containing 0.1％formic acid in an equal degree program at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1.The column temperature was 20 ℃ and injection volume was 5 μL.The deprotonated ions of analytes were ionized by positive ion,electron spray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring mode.The specificity,standard curve and lower limit of quantification,precision and recovery,matrix effect,stability and dilution effect of the method were investigated.Results Excellent linear relationship with correlation coefficient of r2 ≥ 0.997 7 was obtained.The linear of esazolam,alprazolam,oxazepam,clonazepam,lorazepam,triazolam,midazolam,diazepam and zolpidem were 18-1 800,4.5-450,25-2 500,3.5-350,25-2 500,1.5-150,5.5-550,35-3 500,4-400 ng·mL-1,respectively.The lower limit of quantification were 18,4.5,25,3.5,25,1.5,5.5,35,4 ng·mL-1.The method was accurate and precise with acceptable intra-day and inter-day precisions(relative standard deviations were less than 20％for a lower limit of quantification and less than 15％for other quality control samples)and an accuracy of 86.21％-112.38％.The extraction recovery rate were 93.07％-110.50％.The matrix factors normalized by internal standard were 86.61％-108.41％,relative standard deviations were less than 15％.Plasma samples remained stable under various storage conditions.The precision and accuracy of plasma samples were acceptable after dilution.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid,sensitive and specific,and it can be used for simultaneous detection of the 9 sedative-hypnotics in human plasma.

Objective　To observe the molluscicidal effect of a new molluscicide, 10% chlorosalicylicamide (LDS), against the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni - Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria straminea, thus to provide the experimental foundation for the field application of this molluscicide. Methods　The 10% LDS was formulated into the series of standard solutions with effective concentrations of 0.400 0, 0.200 0, 0.100 0, 0.050 0, 0.025 0 mg/L and 0.012 5 mg/L, respectively. B. glabrata and B. straminea were separately immersed in these solutions in the laboratory. The deaths of the above snails were observed after immersing into the solutions for 24, 48, and 72 h, and the mortalities of each group were computed, as well as the median lethal concentration LC50 (s) and relative toxicity indexes were calculated. Meanwhile, 50% wettable power of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPN) was set as the drug group, and dechlorinated water as the blank control group. Results　 The effective concentration of LDS at or above 0.100 0 mg/L, or WPN at or above 0.200 0 mg/L resulted in a 100% mortality rate for B. glabrata and B. straminea after immersing 24, 48, and 72 h. The LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours for Biomphalaria glabrata immersed in the LDS series concentration solution was 0.047 95, 0.046 52, and 0.037 10 mg/L, respectively; while the LC50 (s) of B. glabrata in WPN serial solutions was 0.063 48, 0.057 05, 0.057 05 mg/L for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. For Biomphalaria straminea, the LC50 (s) at 24, 48, and 72 hours in the LDS solution was 0.012 35, 0.013 99, and 0.008 40 mg/L, respectively; and for the WPN solution, it was 0.058 95, 0.025 71, and 0.0237 5 mg/L. Using WPN as the standard drug which had higher value of LC50, and the relative toxicity index of WPN was set to 1.00, the relative toxicity indexes of LDS against B. glabrata were 1.32, 1.23 and 1.54 for 24, 48 h and 72 h, respectively, while for B. straminea, it was 4.77, 1.84, and 2.83. After 24, 48, and 72 hours of immersion in LDS, the number of surviving B. glabrata was significantly higher than that of B. straminea, with a statistical significance (χ2=8.044, 5.263, 4.658, P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions　Compared to the traditional molluscicide WPN, 10% LDS shows a superior molluscicidal effect on B. glabrata and B. straminea, especially demonstrating heightened sensitivity and efficacy on B. straminea, suggesting its potential as a substitute agent for snail control.

The purpose of this study was to enrich the genomic information and provide a basis for further development and utilization of Polygonatum kingianum. The fresh rhizome of P. kingianum was used as the experimental material, and the full-length transcriptome was sequenced by PacBio Sequel platform. The final measured polymerase reads were 1 120 485, with a total of 77.73 GB of data. In NR database, 41 864 homologous sequence alignments were aligned to 5 species; 40 506 were annotated in the KOG database and classified into 26 categories based on their functionality; 69 060 GO annotated 32 functional groups divided into 3 categories: cellular components, molecular functions, and biological processes; 45 779 annotations were added to 145 metabolic pathways in the KEGG database. Among them, there are 127 identified transcripts related to polysaccharide synthesis in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis metabolic pathway, 144 in the starch and sucrose metabolic pathway, 85 in the amino acid sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolic pathway, and 69 in the fructose and mannose metabolic pathway. In addition, 1 781 transcription factors were detected, distributed in 37 transcription factor families; 180 293 SSR loci were detected, among which single base repeats accounted for the most, accounting for 30.48% of all base repeats, and at least five base repeats, accounting for only 0.14% of single base repeats. The results of this study provide important data supporting for enriching the genomic information of P. kingianum and exploring its effective biosynthetic pathway.

Objective To investigate the impact of succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)on the modulation of human sperm functions.Methods The isolated human sperm were co-incubated with different concentrations(10,20,40 mmol/L)of SDH inhibitor disodium malonate for one or two hours.The activity of the SDH was measured by commercially available reagent kit,while the protein level of the SDH catalytic subunit SDHA was determined through Western blot analysis.Sperm functions were analyzed:1)The impact of disodium malonate on important mo-tility parameters of un-capcitated sperm including progressive motility rate(PR),total motility(TM),average pathvelocity(VAP)and the ability of capacitated sperm to penetrate viscous media were be assessed using a com-puter aided semen analysis system.2)Effect of disodium malonate on sperm survival rate was evaluated using the Eosin-Nigrosin microscopy.3)The incidence of acrosome reaction in capacitated sperm was be detected by PSA-FITC staining assay following disodium malonate treatment.Results Disodium malonate had no effect on expression of SDH catalytic subunit SHDA protein in human sperm.However,it inhibited the catalytic activity of the SDH,sperm forward motility,total motility,and the ability of sperm to penetrate viscous media.These inhibitory effects were positively correlated with the concentration of disodium malonate.Furthermore,disodium malonate had no any influence on the occurrence of spontaneous acrosome reaction in capacitated sperm.Conclusions Disodium mal-onate impairs human sperm motility by inhibiting succinate dehydrogenase activity.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term rehabilitation effect of wearable visual training devices based on extended reality (XR) glasses in patients after macular hole surgery.Methods:A self-controlled study was conducted.Eleven patients with monocular low vision after macular hole surgery were recruited at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from October 2022 to March 2024.All patients underwent biofeedback training for 3 months using the independently developed visual rehabilitation training glasses LOOKBON T10.The LogMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, reading speed, vertical metamorphopsia (MV), horizontal metamorphopsia (MH), and Chinese version of the visual-related quality of life assessment form (CVRQoL-25) were compared before and after training.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (No.WDRY2024-K263).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:After training, the patients' BCVA, retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, and reading speed were 0.69±0.19, (21.61±2.75)db, (92.43±4.06)%, (93.09±4.31)%, and (104.82±21.85) characters/minute, respectively, which were significantly improved compared to 0.85±0.28, (17.71±3.17)db, (31.83±19.05)%, (32.35±19.12)%, and (69.64±20.17) characters/minute before training ( t=5.253, -5.987, -11.561, -12.003, -11.682; all at P<0.001).After training, MV and MH were (0.29±0.20)° and (0.21±0.24)°, respectively, which were significantly reduced compared to pre-training (0.44±0.24)° and (0.43±0.41)° ( t=9.238, 4.068; both at P<0.01).After training, the CVRQoL-25 score was 1 193.18±229.43, which was significantly higher than pre-training 947.73±203.86 ( t=-11.687, P<0.001). Conclusions:The application of wearable visual training equipment based on XR glasses can effectively improve the visual function of patients with poor visual function recovery after macular hole surgery, and enhance their quality of life.

The chemical constituents of the seeds of Moringa oleifera were isolated and purified by using Sephadex LH-20, Toyo-pearl HW-40F, silica gel, ODS, and MCI column chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry, ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and ~1H-~1H COSY, as well as physicochemical properties of compounds and literature data. Twelve compounds were isolated from 30% ethanol fraction of the seeds of M. oleifera and identified as ethyl-4-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(1), ethyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(2),(4-hydroxybenzyl)ethyl carbamate(3),(4-aminophenyl)acetic acid(4), ethyl-α-L-rhamnoside(5), methyl-α-L-rhamnoside(6), moringapyranosyl(7), 2-[4-(α-L-rhamnosyl)phenyl]methyl acetate(8), niaziridin(9), 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(10), 4-hydroxybenzeneacetamide(11), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(12). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 are two new compounds, compound 3 is a new natural product, and compounds 4-5 were yielded from Moringa plant for the first time. All compounds were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Compound 10 showed excellent inhibitory activity with IC_(50) of 210 μg·mL~(-1).
Moringa oleifera/chemistry* ; alpha-Glucosidases ; Moringa ; Seeds ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology*

The taste of drugs has an important impact on the compliance of patients, but most of the active drug ingredients have an uncomfortable taste, especially traditional Chinese medicine. Through a variety of pharmaceutical excipients with taste masking properties combined with corresponding technologies can improve the taste of drugs and the characteristics of other dosage forms, so as to improve patient compliance. Here, we mainly summarize the auxiliary materials used for taste masking, explain the mechanism of taste masking from the point of view of excipients and introduces related uses, so as to provide reference for further research on taste masking of pediatric preparations.

In this study, the flow injection (FI) technology combined with the unique step wise multiple ions monitoring scanning (step-wise MIM) mode of Qtrap-MS was first established for the identification and discrimination of eight Murraya species. It only takes 5 min for each sample to detect approximate 600 compounds. The characteristic MS chromatograms of eight Murraya plants were analyzed by Analyst and SIMCA-P. The results of PCA showed that sect. Murraya and sect. Bergera were clearly divided into two categories, suggesting that there is difference in the chemical compositions between these two groups. Further detail analysis of the MS data could realize the preliminary structure elucidation of the component types contained in different plants. The main components in M. exotica and M. alata are coumarins, and polymethoxyflavones are rich in M. paniculata, while carbazole alkaloids are the major ones in sect. Bergera plants. The results are consistent with our previous comprehensive analysis of the chemical components of Murraya species. In conclusion, our research confirmed that FI-Qtrap-MS technology can be used for rapid identification and differentiation of similar plant species, providing reference for chemical taxonomy and a new method for the quality evaluation of medicinal materials.