Objective To investigate the effect of treatment and mechanism with hyperbaric oxygenation and doxazosin in pa-tients with Ⅲ type prostatitis in plateau .Methods A total of 94 patients with Ⅲ type prostatitis were divided randomizedly into hyperbaric oxygenation group (n=28) ,doxazosin treated group (n=31) and hyperbaric oxygenation and doxazosin combining trea-ted group (n= 35) .And then they were evaluated in 8 weeks treatment respectvely by the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) and adverse events .Prostate fluid and semen routine were examed .Results All three groups got the improved CPSI after treatment ,oxygenation-doxazosin combining treated group(82 .9% )was better than that of oxy-genation and doxazosin treated group(73 .7% and 70 .0% )(P<0 .05) .Results of prostate fluid and semen routine examination of combining treated group were significantly improved than before (P<0 .05) .No complications occurred .Conclusion Combination of hyperbaric oxygenation and doxazosin is a safe and effective therapy in the treatment of Ⅲ type prostatitis in plateau .

[Abstract ] Objective Chronic renal disease,a common and frequent disease,is the most cause inducing chronic renal failure. There is an important guiding significance for renal biopsy in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of renal disease.The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of renal biopsy and the relation between pathological types and clinical presentation in Tibet. Methods Between June 2011 and December 2013 in General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa, percutaneous renal biopsy were per-formed in 107 renal patients.In this study, the gender, age, pathologic entities, and clinical manifestation were analyzed retrospectively. The final diagnosis was made by the clinical manifestation, laboratory examination,and pathologic results. Results The mean age at renal biopsy was 29.8 ±12.2(10~66)years in 47 male cases (43.9%) and 69 female cases (56.1%).This includes 75 Tibetan cases (70.1%), 31 Han cases (28.9%), and Bai cases (1.0%).The primary glomerular disease was 95.3%and the secondary glomerular disease was 4.7%in the total 107 cases.Fourty-four point three percent of the primary glomerular disease were male cases and 100%of secondary glomerular disease were female cases.The main pathological type of the primary glomerular disease was podocyte nephropathy (43.9%), followed by membranous nephropathy (18.7%), IgA nephropathy (11.2%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (9.3%) and mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (5.6%).The clinical manifestations of 107 cases were classified as syndrome of nephrotic syn-dromn(69.1%),urinary abnormalities(14.9%),isolated macrographic haematuria (3.7%),chronic renal failure(2.8%).Among the nephrotic syndrome,podocyte disease was 63.5%,membranous glomerulopathy was 18.9%,focal segmental glomeruolsclerosis was 8.1%,and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was 5.4%. Conclusion The primary glomerulonephritis was the most common glomerular diseases at high altitude area in Tibet.The most frequent type of pri-mary glomerular nephritis was podocyte disease, and the most frequent type of secondary glomerular nephritis was Henoch-Schonlein purpura glomerulonephritis.

BACKGROUND:Cuscuta chinensis is a mature seed of Cuscutachinensis Lam., can warm kidney. Previous studies demonstrated that kidney compound composed of Cuscuta chinensis could apparently inhibit bone loss and improve bone density.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of flavonoids from Cuscuta chinensis on bone mineral density of femur, 1,25(OH)2D3 levels of serum and kidney, the expression of smal intestine CaBp-D9K mRNA in model rats with ovariectomized osteoporosis.
METHODS:A total of 72 Sprague-Dawley female rats were equal y and randomly divided into six groups (n=12):sham surgery group, model group, vitamin D3 group and low-, moderate-and high-dose flavonoids groups. The sham surgery group only received sham operation and the other five groups were ovariectomized respectively. One week after ovariectomy, the rats were given flavonoids from low-, moderate-and high-dose Cuscuta chinensis and vitamin D3 (2 mg/kg) by intragastric administration for 3 consecutive months. Blood was obtained from the abdominal aorta. Serum was isolated. The kidney was obtained. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine 1,25(OH)2D3 contents of renal and serum. Rats were sacrificed at the end of experiment. The thighbone was taken out to determine bone mineral density. The second lumbar vertebra was taken out to measure the expression of lumbar vertebra and renal vitamin D receptor mRNA using real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The smal intestine was taken out to measure the expression of smal intestine CaBp-D9K mRNA using real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the sham operation group, bone mineral density of femur, and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels of serum and kidney and the expression of lumbar vertebra vitamin D receptor mRNA significantly decreased in model group, and the expression of smal intestine CaBp-D9K mRNA significantly decreased in model group. Compared with the model group, bone mineral density of femur, and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels of serum and kidney, and the expression of the second lumbar vertebra vitamin D receptor mRNA, and the expression of smal intestine CaBp-D9K mRNA were increased in moderate-and high-dose flavonoids groups and vitamin D3 group. Results indicated that flavonoids from Cuscuta chinensis could significantly raise bone mineral density of femur, and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels of serum and kidney and the expression of lumbar vertebra vitamin D receptor mRNA and the expression of smal intestine CaBp-D9K mRNA, accelerate intestinal calcium absorption and osteoblast activity, and reinforce quality of the bone.

Objective To investigate the features and prevention measures of complications secondary to severe traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS) of different crowds in plateau (3 658 meters above the sea level).Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 591 severe THS patients undergone traditional resuscitation (traditional resuscitation group,n =103) from October 1976 to October 1990 and integrated treatment (integrated treatment group,n =488) from October 1991 to October 2012.The patients included native Tibetans,Han immigrants in plateau (≥ 3 months) and Han people who entered plateau rapidly (＜ 7 days).Outcome of the two treatments was compared.Results With regard to the traditional resuscitation group,native Tibetans sustained the main complications including stress ulcer (n =2),pulmonary edema (n =1),MODS (n =3) and death (n =3) ； Han immigrants in plateau sustained the main complications including stress ulcer (n =9),pulmonary edema (n =8),ARDS (n =3),cerebral edema (n =1),acute renal failure (n =3),disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (n =2),MODS (n =13) and death (n =11)； Han people who entered plateau rapidly sustained the main complications including stress ulcer (n =5),pulmonary edema (n =4),ARDS (n =4),cerebral edema (n =2),acute renal failure (n =3),DIC (n =2),MODS (n =6) and death (n =4).Whereas in contrast to the relevant patient crowds in the traditional resuscitation group,the native Tibetans,Han immigrants in plateau and Han people who entered plateau rapidly presented significant reduction of complication rate and mortality rate in the integrated treatment group.Conclusions (1) Traditional resuscitation for severe THS patients in plateau results in much more complications with quick occurrence,high incidence,rapid progression,high severity and high mortality.Moreover,the complications are more severe in Han people who entered plateau rapidly than in the Han immigrants in plateau and native Tibetans.(2) The incidence of complications and death rate are significantly reduced after integrated treatment.(3) Han people who entered plateau rapidly present larger dependence on integrated treatment than the Han immigrants in plateau and native Tibetans.

Objective To investigate the changes of CT perfusion (CTP) imaging and the risk factors for CTP abnormality in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods TIA patients were enrolled; CTP and CT angiography were performed.The parameter values of cerebral blood flow (CBF),cerebral blood volume (CBV),mean transit time (MTT),and time to peak (TTP) were obtained.CTP abnormalities were identified by comparing the contralateral mirror area.Demography and baseline clinical data were compared in a CTP imaging abnormal group and a normal group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for CTP abnormality in patients with TIA.Results A total of 69 patients with TIA were enrolled,and 52 of them had perfusion abnormalities corresponding to clinical symptoms.Their TTP and MTT were prolonged,but the decreased CBF and CBV was not obvious.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (odds ratio [OR] 1.991,95％ confidence interval [OR] 1.113-3.564; P=0.020),the longer duration of symptoms (OR 1.062,95％ OR 1.013-1.114; P =0.013),and intracranial vascular stenosis (OR 15.410,95％ OR 2.118-112.116; P=0.007) were the independent risk factors for CTP abnormality in patients with TIA.The correlation analysis showed that the prolonged TTP (r =0.389,P =0.001) and MTT (r =0.413,P=0.001) were significantly associated with the NIHSS score.Conclusions TTP and MTT may sensitivity reveal cerebral perfusion abnormalities in patients with TIA.The more severe the disease is,the higher the CTP abnormal rate will be.

Objective To compare the effect of high volume continuous blood purification (CBP) with routine CBP on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods 38 patients with MODS were randomly divided into high volume CBP group( treatment group,18 cases) and routine CBP group (control group,20 cases).And they were respectively detected on mean arterial pressure(MAP),dosage of Dopamine,PaO2/FiO2,APACHE [ score,lactic acid,length of stay and mortality in ICU post-treatment 24h and 48h.Results Compared with control group,MAP and PaO2/FiO2 on treatment group were more higher( P ＜ 0.05 ),while dosage of Dopamine,APACHE Ⅱ score,lactic acid were significantly shorter than these of treatment group( P ＜ 0.05 ),and length of stay and mortality in ICU were significantly lower than those of treatmen group [ ( 8.54 ± 4.15 ) d vs ( 11.82 ± 5.76) d,P ＜ 0.05:22.2％ vs 35.0％,P ＜0.05 ].Conclusion High volume CBP could reduce the mortality in ICU compared with control group routine CBP.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between tissue quantitative distribution and pharmacokinetics of 3H-achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone and the channel-tropism of herbal drugs in mice.

METHOD3H-achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone was used as a tracer agent and injected into mice by the caudal vein. In 36 hours, the contents of the tracer agent of samples involving 9 different tracing phases and organ or tissue were determined in order to observe the dynamic quantitative distribution and excretion and pharmacokinetics of 3H-achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone and to understand the channel-tropism of herbal drugs achyranthes bidentata.

RESULT3H-achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone of same organs in different tracing phases and the contents of 3H-achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone in same tracing phases of different organs were significantly different (P<0.01). 3H-achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone was mainly distributed, in the liver, kidney, adrenal gland, small intestine and lung. The concentration-time profiles of achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone in rats injected into mice by the caudal vein were shown to fit a two-compartment open model with half-lives of (778.65 +/- 12.36) min, the elimination of achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone from plasma was found to be in accord with linear kinetics.

CONCLUSIONThe above mentioned selective distribution of 3H-achyranthes bidentata ecdysterone basically coincides with the meridian affinity and zang fu selection of the traditional Chinese medicine drug Achyranthes bidentata. This study will provide a scientific basis for the channel-tropism of A. bidentata.

Achyranthes ; chemistry ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Ecdysterone ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Isotope Labeling ; Male ; Meridians ; Mice ; Organ Specificity ; Tissue Distribution ; Tritium ; chemistry

Objective To study the effects of duration of migration from sea-level to high-altitude on cerebral hemodynamic parameters and their ethnic differences.Methods This randomized comparative study recruited 5 groups of healthy male subjects which were native Hans at sea-level (NHS),Han migrants from sea-level to high-altitude (HMSH,where HMSH-a for residence duration of 4 days,HMSH-b for 1 year,and HMSH-c for 5 years),and native Tibetans at high-altitude (NTH).Color duplex Doppler sonography (CDDS) was used to measure bilateral vertebral and internal carotid arterial diameters,mean flow velocities.The heart rate,arterial blood pressure,and arterial oxygen saturation were also recorded simultaneously,and in combination,hemoglobin was measured to assess total cerebral blood flow (TCBF),total cerebrovascular resistance (TCVR),and total cerebral oxygen supply (TCOS).Results After migration to high-altitude,Hans' TCVR and TCBF maintained the level of NHS after transient changes during early stage (P<0.05),and the TCBF was markedly higher than that of NTH (P<0.05);while the blood pressure and TCOS increased abruptly (P<0.05) at the beginning and kept for a relatively long time at a constant level which were higher than those of NTH all the time (P<0.05).Conclusions Han migrants can acclimate to high-altitude by adaptive change of cerebral blood flow over a short time and maintain a constant adaptability which is always weaker than that of native Tibetans.CDDS can be used for non-invasive measurement of actual cerebral blood flow,and is of good value in the study on high-altitude-related cerebral hemodynamics.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency for secondary laryngeal tuberculosis through an analysis on the clinical features of patients with this disease. METHOD: A retrospective study was made among 49 cases with laryngeal tuberculosis treated in Tibetan General Hospital of Chinese PLA, and the clinical data were carefully analyzed to summarize the clinical experience of this disease. RESULT: Of 49 patients, 24 cases had 1 year history, 11 cases had 1 to 3 years, 9 cases had 3 to 5 years, 5 cases had 5 years or more. Thirty-eight patients had the history of tuberculosis and 11 had none. Thirty-four patients had taken anti-tuberculosis drugs but none had standard therapy as demanded. All cases had mild general symptoms (mild fever, night sweats, weight loss, et al) and atypical local symptoms (hoarseness, sore throat). Therefore, 42 cases were misdiagnosed as non-specific chronic laryngitis, of which 15 cases got worse after oral administration or inhaling of steroid hormones. Seven persons were misdiagnosed as laryngeal cancer. All patients were confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis by X ray exam or CT scanning. Twelve cases had strong positive PPD tests and 2 cases were detected positive by sputum smear. All patients was treated by standard systematic and local chemical therapy against tuberculosis (inhaling of antituberculosis drugs for 1 to 2 months). All were cured but one died in a road accident, and none had recurrence after 1- to 9- year follow-up. CONCLUSION All of those the patients with long period hoarseness and sore throat should take chest CT scan or X-ray exam for the highest incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis at high altitudes. CT scanning is the prefer for its high resolution. Pathological biopsy and diagnostic therapy should be taken to make accurate diagnosis. Usually steroid hormones should not be recommended.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Altitude ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibet ; Tuberculosis, Laryngeal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the preparation of specific immune RMA(iRNA) on anti-rabies and further study immunotherapy of rabies virus exposure. Methods Horses were immunized with the rabi-es virus and their livers were isolated from the horse of antiserum, from which total RNA was extracted and purified by sodium lauryisulfonate, phenol, chloroform, ethyiene glycol monomethyl ether, cetyltrimethyam-moniumbromide and alcohol. Results Pure preparation physico-chemical characterization was analyzed, and it's weight was 0.15% of weight of liver. The RNA contained 2.86% DNA and 1.16% protein. The iRNA with a maximum UV absorbance at 258 nm and A_(258/280) about 2.0. The test of RNA was positive, which had a relative molecular mas of 13.7×10~3 by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and its hy-perchromic effect was 50.67%. The vesults of biological activity was showed that the rate of leucocyte adher-ence inhibition(LAI) was 41.73%, The protective rate was 50% and prolonging the life was 31.62%. Conclusion The results obtained with the practical value were identical and provide a basis on medicines of anti-rabies.