Subperiosteal ganglion is a cyst that develops from periosteum with cortical erosion. There have been several case reports and most common location is the tibia. Only seven cases of subperiosteal ganglion of the upper extremity have been reported. We report a case of subperiosteal ganglion at distal radius without communication of the wrist joint in a 41-year-old woman. Excision of the cyst and adjacent periosteum were performed without evidence of recurrence.
Adult ; Female ; Ganglion Cysts ; Humans ; Periosteum ; Radius ; Recurrence ; Tibia ; Upper Extremity ; Wrist Joint

BACKGROUND: Of the many prognostic factors for breast cancer, the relationship between an infiltration of inflammatory cells and the prognosis is debatable. Of the chemokines affecting cancer's inflammatory reactions, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16) has attracted attention for its prognostic value in many cancers, including colorectal cancer and renal cell carcinoma. But the situation for breast carcinoma is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the prognostic factors and the CXCL16 expression in patients with breast carcinoma. METHODS: The patients (n=106) diagnosed with invasive ductal cancer of the breast were enrolled. We reviewed the clinicopathological factors of these patients, hematoxylin and eosin stains were prepared and estrogen receptor (ER), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) and CXCL16 immunostaining was performed. RESULTS: The ER expression was significantly correlated with age and inflammation. A CXCL16 expression was noted in 81.1% of the cases. No association was evident between a CXCL16 expression and any other parameter, including the survival rate. Multivariate analysis did not implicate ER, HER2/neu or CXCL16 as an independent prognostic factor, but the tumor size was independent predictive factor for the patient outcome. CONCLUSIONS: An inflammatory reaction mediated by CXCL16 is not associated with the prognosis of breast cancer or any clinicopathological factors.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Chemokines ; Chemokines, CXC ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Coloring Agents ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Estrogens ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptor, erbB-2 ; Receptors, Scavenger ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived plasma protein with various metabolic effects that include increasing insulin sensitivity, antiatherogenic, and antiinflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of cord plasma adiponectin levels with body size, ponderal index, and gender in newborns and also age and body mass index in their mothers. METHODS: The cord blood was obtained from 99 healthy newborns (male 46, female 53, gestational age of 32-41 weeks) and the concentrations of adiponectin were analyzed by a radioimmunoassay kit. Anthropometric parameters of the newborns including birth weight and length were measured. Maternal weight and height were identified, and their body mass index was calculated. RESULTS: The cord plasma adiponectin levels of the newborns whose gestational age was longer than 39 weeks were significantly higher compared with those of gestational age shorter than 39 weeks (15.0+/-9.9 vs 8.4+/-8.9 microgram/mL, P=0.001). The cord plasma adiponectin concentrations were positively correlated with gestational age and length at birth of the newborns. There was no correlation between cord plasma adiponectin levels and sex, birth weight or ponderal index of the newborns. Any significant correlation was not found between cord plasma adiponectin levels and maternal age or body mass index. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that cord plasma adiponectin concentrations are positively associated with gestational age and length at birth of neonates. However there is no correlation between cord plasma adiponectin levels and maternal age or body mass index.
Adiponectin* ; Birth Weight* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Size ; Female ; Fetal Blood* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Insulin Resistance ; Maternal Age ; Mothers ; Parturition* ; Plasma ; Radioimmunoassay

OBJECTIVE: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is known to be a disorder with high genetic trait. Recently the relationship between alleles frequency distribution and ADHD, has been actively researched. In Korea, the relationship between the genetic type and alleles for COMT (Catechol-O-methyltransferase) gene, has been studied in ADHD patients. METHODS: Thirty three patients diagnosed with ADHD according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were selected for the study. The diagnosis and clinical features were confirmed by Korean version Child behavior check list, Korean version Conner's parent rating scale, Attention deficit Diagnostic System, Korean version Spielberger state-trait anxiety scale etc. For the control group, the parents of patients were chosen. Blood samples were taken from the 99 subjects. DNA was extracted from blood lymphocytes, PCR was performed for COMT NlaIII VNTR Polymorphism. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared using the Chi-square test. For the family-based analyses, we used the TDT and HHRR method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In comparing the ADHD transmitted group and the not transmitted group, No significant difference was seen between the COMT genetic type and alleles distribution. As a result, it is viewed that there is not relationship between ADHD and the dopamine transporter gene, but final decision is indefinite. Follow up studies with larger patient or pure subgroups are expected.
Alleles ; Anxiety ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase* ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; DNA ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Genotype ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymphocytes ; Parents ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVES: Attention deficity hyperactive disorder is known to be a disease with a high genetic trait. Recently the relationship between alleles frequency distribution and ADHD has been actively researched. In Korea, the relationship between the genetic type and alleles for dopamine transporter gene has been studied in ADHD patients. METHODS: Thirty five patients diagnosed with ADHD according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were selected for study. The diagnosis and clinical features were confirmed by korean version Child behavior check list, korean version Conner's parent rating scale, Attention deficit Diagnostic System, korean version Spielberger state-trait anxiety scale etc. For the control group, the parents of patients were chosen. Blood samples were taken from the 105 subjects. DNA was extracted from blood lymphocytes, PCR was performed for dopamine transporter gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In comparing the ADHD transmitted group and the not transmitted group, significant difference was seen between the DAT1 genetic type and alleles distribution. As a result, it is viewed that there is relationship between ADHD and the dopamine transporter gene. Follow up studies with larger patient or pure subgroups are expected.
Alleles ; Anxiety ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; DNA ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins* ; Dopamine* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymphocytes ; Parents* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

BACKGROUND: Though many adolescents are suffering from depression in Korea, there have been few studies about the prevalence of it and depressive adolescents are not managed appropriately yet because of ignorance of the society and family. This study was intended to find out college freshmen's prevalence of depression, and the relationship between family function and depression. METHODS: The subjects were college freshmen of one university both in Seoul and Suwon and the study period was from January to February on 1999. Family APGAR was used as a family function index and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to measure the degree of depression. Chi square tests and logistic regression were done for analysis using SPSS 8.0/PC program. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression among college freshmen was 1.5%(37 out of 2465) as of BDI score 21 or more. Depression was more common in the families with low Family APGAR score and those in Suwon campus. No significant differences were found in gender, age, blood pressure, blood type, BMI, present illness, number of families, marital status of parents or siblings. Relative risks of depression were 4.5 times for family dysfunction group and 2.6 times for Suwon campus group. CONCLUSION: Depression is not a rare disease among college freshmen. Therefore, family physician as a primary care physician should consider the possibility of depression among adolescence and screen depression using BDI for adolescents in dyfunctional family particularly.
Adolescent ; Apgar Score ; Blood Pressure ; Depression* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Marital Status ; Parents ; Physicians, Family ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Prevalence ; Rare Diseases ; Seoul ; Siblings

To assess the validity of urine albumin concentration (UAC) and the urine albumin:creatine ratio (UACR) in a random urine specimen (RUS) for screening diabetic nephropathy in Korea, a total of 105 ambulatory diabetes mellitus patients (male:female, 52:53), ages 40-75 years (median 59 years) collected 105 RUSs after completing a timed 24 hour urine collection. Albumin was measured by immunonephelometry. According to the timed urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) measured in the 24 hour collection (criterion standard), samples were classified normoalbuminuric (UAER < 20 micrograms/min; n = 50), microalbuminuric (UAER 20-200 micrograms/min; n = 30), and macroalbuminuric (UAER > 200 micrograms/min; n = 25). The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of UAC and UACR in a RUS for screening of microalbuminuria (normo- and microalbuminuric samples; n = 80) and macroalbuminuria (micro- and macroalbuminuric samples; n = 55) were plotted. Pearson's coefficients of correlation of 24 hour UAER vs. UAC and UACR were 0.81 and 0.75, respectively (P < 0.001). The point of intersection with a 100%-to-100% diagonal for microalbuminuria were as follows: 31.0 mg/l for UAC and 32.5 mg/g for UACR; for macroalbuminuria 181 mg/l for UAC and 287.3 mg/g for UACR. The sensitivity and specificity of the cut-off points for microalbuminuria were 77% and 82% for UAC and 77% and 92% for UACR. The sensitivity and specificity of the cut-off points for macroalbuminuria were 84% and 90% for UAC and 88% and 90% for UACR. In present study, no difference was observed when comparing the performance of UAC and UACR based on a statistical comparison by McNemar test. The repeated measurements of UAC and UACR in the same individual were statistically similar and were correlated with each other. Based on these results, albumin measurements (UAC and UACR) in a RUS were considered as a valid test for screening diabetic nephropathy.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Albuminuria/diagnosis* ; Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis* ; Female ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age

Liposarcoma of the male breast is rare. In English literature, nearly 90 tumors of this type can be found, but the majority of citation is female without detail descriptions of gross or microscopic features. Recently, we experienced a case with pleomorphic liposarcoma of the breast. This 62-year-old male patient presented with tumorous mass of right breast for 3 months ago. He underwent radical mastectomy under the impression of breast cancer. Received specimen was a breast and attached nodular bulging mass. The serial section reveal a relatively defined nodular mass consists of yellowish and glistened bulging tumorous lesion, measuring 5x4.5x5cm. Microscopically, there were multiple pleomorphic giant cells composed of plump esoinophilic or microvesiculated cytoplasm and bizarre nuclei with prominent nucleoli. These cells were positive staining for oil-red O. Ultrastructurally, variable sized numerous fatty vacuoles in the cytoplasm were seen.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Breast Neoplasms

A total of 51 cases of pleomorphic adenoma was obtained from the pathologic files of Chosun University hospital from january, 1980 December, 1989. The studies of clinical, microscopic, immunohistochemical, and electronmicroscopic examination showed the following results. The peak age incidence of the pleomorphic adenoma in this study was in the 5th decade and no significant difference in the incidence between male and female patients was observed. The most common histologic type of myoepithelial data showed positive reactions of the myoepithelial cells to cytokeratin and S-100 protein in the solid, myxoid, and chondroid area. The electronmicroscopic examination of the myoepithelial cells revealed myofilaments, dense bodies, desmosomes, and basement membrane suggesting epithelial origin of these cells. In conclusion, the pleomorphic adenoma seems to be derived from epithelial component and the variable stromal change may be derived from modified myoepithelial cells considering the results of immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Incidence ; Adenoma

Since the arachnoid cyst was first described by Bright in 1831, its natural histroy and exact incidence of arachnoid cyst associated with chronic ubdural hematoma were not well understood. Authors analyzed 4 cases of arachnoid cysts in middle cranial fossa, associated with chronic subdural hematoma. So, the following results were obtained : 1) Headche and vomiting were presenting symptoms and its symptomas were due to chronic subdural hematoma rather than that of arachnoid cyst 2) Trauma, though trivial, may have triggered the development of chronic subdural hematoma 3) All cases showed bony abnormality on plain skull X-ray. 4) CT scan is very useful for the demonstration of shape, extent of lesion, membrane enhancement, and communication between hematoma and arachnoid cyst. 5) Every case was type II arachnoid cyst. 6) Chronic subdural hematoma was most frequent intracystic type, showing rupture into the arachnoid cyst. 7) Sugery treating both the chronic subdural hematoma and arachnoid cyst produced good result.
Arachnoid Cysts* ; Arachnoid* ; Cranial Fossa, Middle* ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic* ; Incidence ; Membranes ; Rupture ; Skull ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting