OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Compound Zhebei Granule (, CZG) combined with doxorubicin hydrochloride (adriamycin, ADM) on specific surface antigens in mice with KG-1a transplanted cells.

METHODSA subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was established by injection of the acute myeloid leukemia cell line KG-1a into the axillary flfl anks of BALB/c-nude mice. Twenty-four tumor bearing mice were divided into 4 groups according to a random number table, including normal saline control group, ADM group, high-dose CZG group, and mid-dose CZG group, with 6 mice in each group. Drug administration occurred on the 14th day after cell inoculation, and normal saline control group mice were gavaged with normal saline at 0.2 mL/10 g every other day. ADM group mice were intraperitoneally injected with ADM 1 mg/kg [conversion of adults, 40 mg/(m•d)] every other day. High- and mid-dose CZG groups mice were gavaged with CZG at the dose of 8 and 4 g/kg respectively every other day and intraperitoneally injected with ADM (1 mg/kg) every other day. The administration period lasted for 10 days. The tumor xenografts were made into mononuclear cell suspensions after dissection, and the expressions of specific surface antigens, including CD34CD38, CD34CD38CD123, CD34CD38CD96 and CD34CD38CD33, in KG-1a cell line tumor xenografts were detected by flfl ow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with the control and ADM groups, expression of CD34CD38 in the two CZG groups was significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, expression of CD34CD38CD123 in the two CZG groups decreased (P<0.05). The high-dose CZG group showed more obvious outcomes compared with the ADM group (P<0.05). Compared with the control and ADM groups, the expression of CD34CD38CD96 and CD34CD38CD33 in the two CZG groups decreased (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCZG combined with doxorubicin could reduce the expression of CD34CD38, CD34CD38CD123, CD34CD38CD96 and CD34CD38CD33 in KG-1a cell line tumor xenografts, which shows that CZG could target leukemia stem cells and play a role in chemosensitization.

Animals ; Antigens, Surface ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Shape ; drug effects ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; drug effects ; pathology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) was first described in 1982 by Goldstein. Considered a rare malignant skin appendageal tumor, it is often underdiagnosed due to its clinical and histopathological resemblance to other cutaneous neoplasms. MAC is locally aggressive with infiltration of perineural spaces, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles, and so on. Aggressive treatment including wide local excision, Mohs micrographic surgery, or radiation therapy is necessary owing to the high recurrence rate. Herein, we report a case of a 47-year-old Korean woman with a skin-colored hardened plaque on the scalp with a clinical diagnosis of cicatricial alopecia and histopathological diagnosis of MAC. After treatment by Mohs micrographic surgery, the patient is being followed up regularly without any sign of recurrence. This case demonstrates an uncommon topography of MAC on the scalp with secondary cicatricial alopecia and highlights the need for awareness of the potential for MAC in the diagnosis of alopecia with a slow-growing tumor.
Alopecia* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mohs Surgery ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Scalp ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Subcutaneous Tissue

OBJECTIVE: Ultrasonography (US) is the most non-invasive, safe, and, especially in the period of infancy, best method for visualizing and examining the spinal cord. Furthermore, US is the primary work-up for development of the spinal canal, and for follow-up on issues relating to subcutaneous tissues, bone development, and the spinal cord. Conus medullaris terminates at the second lumbar vertebra, according to a consensus in the literature.METHODS: Healthy children under the age of 6 months who were admitted to the radiology clinic for routine USG follow-ups between the dates of March 2012 to December 2014 were included in this study.RESULTS: Our study includes data from 1125 lumbosacral ultrasounds. The terminal point of the conus level of the attended infants, superior, middle part, inferior of the vertebrae L1, L2, and L3. Furthermore, the termination of the discal distance ratio did not differ significantly between genders.CONCLUSION: Therefore, according to our results, gender is not an influencing factor in the termination of the spinal cord. Based on the study we performed, as well as the previous literature, in infants without a recognized spinal pathology, the spinal cord is detected below the vertebra L3.
Bone Development ; Child ; Consensus ; Conus Snail ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Methods ; Pathology ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Cord ; Spine ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Term Birth ; Ultrasonography

Obesity is characterized by abnormal and excessive adipose tissue accumulated in the body. Compared with peripheral obesity (the accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue), abdominal obesity (the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue) is associated with increased risk of the metabolic syndrome, such as diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and dyslipidemia. Adipose tissue is a highly heterogeneous endocrine organ. Adipose tissue depots differ significantly in anatomy, cell biology, glucose and lipid metabolism as well as in endocrine regulation. Visceral adipose tissue has a stronger metabolic activity and secrets a larger amount of free fat acids, adipocytokines, hormones and inflammatory factors, which flux into the liver directly via the hepatic portal vein. These characteristics indicate that visceral adiposity may lead to the metabolic syndrome and thus visceral adipose tissue might be the clinical target for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Adipose Tissue ; pathology ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; pathology ; Lipid Metabolism ; Metabolic Syndrome ; physiopathology ; Obesity ; physiopathology ; Obesity, Abdominal ; physiopathology ; Subcutaneous Fat ; pathology

Vibrio vulnificus infection can lead to the rapid expansion of cellulitis or sepsis and can be lethal. Vibrio vulnificus is transmitted through seawater or ingestion of raw or undercooked shellfish. We experienced an uncommon case of death due to Vibrio sepsis, which was confirmed by autopsy. A 56-year-old man who was a sailor was found dead in a fishing boat. Autopsy was performed 3 days later. External examination revealed a few blisters and erythematous lesions on both legs. Internal examination revealed a fatty liver and edema of the legs. The skin lesions on the legs showed blisters that extended from the epidermis to the dermis, accompanied by massive acute inflammation in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue with multinuclear giant cells, as noted on the histologic examination. Vibrio vulnificus was isolated from postmortem blood and subcutaneous tissue of the leg. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first autopsy case in Korea in which Vibrio vulnificus was isolated from postmortem blood. Herein, we present a case of sepsis due to Vibrio vulnificus which was confirmed by autopsy, pathological findings, and postmortem microbiological culture.
Autopsy* ; Blister ; Cellulitis ; Dermis ; Eating ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Fatty Liver ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Korea ; Leg ; Middle Aged ; Military Personnel ; Pathology ; Seawater ; Sepsis* ; Shellfish ; Ships ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Vibrio ; Vibrio vulnificus*

We present a rare case report of foreign body of the nasal apex in a 22-year man who were hospitalized because of a bit of metal rebounded. There was slight bleeding at wound site with a feeling of pain and swelling. On physical examination, the apex lied in the median position with a bleeding cut about 3 millimeter in length. There was no visible stump on the cut or rupture in the nasal vestibular. Computed tomographic scan showed the abnormal high-density shadow in the nasal apex while the foreign body was located in the subcutaneous tissue of the antero-upper part of septal cartilage. The admitting diagnosis was foreign body in nasal apex. Endoscopic surgery was adopted to remove the foreign body.
Endoscopy ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metals ; Nasal Cartilages ; pathology ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Pain ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; pathology ; Young Adult

The patient, female, 27 years old. The scalp neoplasm had been found at her right temple 10 years ago. At first, the size of the tumor was just like a soybean, and did not grow obviously in the past nine and a half years. But the tumor increased fast in these six months, almost as large as the pigeon egg now. The physical examination showed that: A spherical tumor locates in the right temple near the right ear; the size of the tumor is 3 cm X 4 cm X 3 cm; the surface is smooth, no tenderness, no obvious mobile base, skull defect not touched. Primary diagnosis: the scalp cyst or lipoma. Under the local anesthesia we remove the neoplasm, during the operation we found the lesion located in the subcutaneous tissue layer, involved the galea aponeurosis layer, the skull surface are smooth and complete. The tumor was completely removed. We cut the mass and found a cystic cavity sized 3 cmX4 cm, which contained gray jerry-built materials, contained oil and a mass of hair, the capsule wall was complete. Postoperative pathological report: The tumor is cystic look throught the microscope, the capsule wall is squamous epithelium, containing keratinized material and hair. The pathological diagnosis is teratoma. The incision healed primarily, no recurrence found for about a year.
Female ; Humans ; Lipoma ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Scalp ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Skull ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Teratoma ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the origins and insertions of Pitanguy ligament,in order to find the anatomically theoretical basis for the treatment of nasal deformity such as drooping nose, short columella, gingival show.

METHODS15 cadaveric heads fixed by 10% formalin were used. 12 specimens underwent nasal anatomic study. The skin was incised, along the nasal midline to expose the Pitanguy ligament. The origin of Pitanguy ligament and its relationship with surrounding tissue were studied. Then the Pitanguy ligament was taken out for HE staining. Longitudinal section along the ligament was observed. 3 specimens underwent harvesting of full-thickness nasal tissue from skin to periosteal membrane. Then the samples were used for HE staining to show histologic study of ligament at horizontal section.

RESULTSPitanguy ligament originates in the midline of lower third of the nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system, extends down to the tip along the midline of the nasal dorsum and then turns backwards at the nasal tip, and runs between the medial crura of the lower lateral cartilages, inserts into the base of columella. Its muscle is connected with the orbicularis oris muscle and the depressor septi nasi muscle. HE staining showed the ligament consists of fibrous connective tissue, muscle tissue and other ingredients, but without cartilage.

CONCLUSIONSPitanguy ligament exists with complex histological composition, so its name is still controversial. Because it has multiple connection with the orbicularis oris muscle and the depressor septi nasi muscle, so cutting or shortened the Pitanguy ligament can treat deformity of nose and lip by adjustment of nasolabial angles and the nasal length.

Cadaver ; Cartilage ; anatomy & histology ; Facial Muscles ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Ligaments ; anatomy & histology ; Lip ; anatomy & histology ; Nasal Septum ; anatomy & histology ; Nose ; anatomy & histology ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; pathology ; surgery ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; anatomy & histology

OBJECTIVETo determine the antiproliferative activity of Rubus parvifolius L. (RP) extract, its medicinal serum and RP total saponins (RPTS) against K562 cells in vitro and in vivo.

METHODSNude mice models bearing leukemia tumors were treated with different concentrations of RP extract. The size, weight and histopathological change of leukemic tumors were determined. Semi-solid agar culture and methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay were used to determine in vitro the inhibition of colony formation and proliferation of K562 cells respectively by different concentrations of RP medicinal serum and RPTS.

RESULTSRP extract had a tumor inhibition rate of 84.8% when administered to mice at a dose of 1.0 g/day of crude RP root equivalent. Semi-solid agar culture of K562 cells in the presence of 20% (v/v) of RP medicinal serum and 150 mg/L RPTS demonstrated a 50.8% and 100% inhibition of the colony forming unit (CFU)-K562, respectively. The same doses of RP medicinal serum and RPTS showed a proliferation inhibition of 31.4% and 86.3%, respectively against K562 cells in MTT assay.

CONCLUSIONRP extract and RPTS show effective antiproliferative activity against myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo.

Agar ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rosaceae ; chemistry ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; pathology ; Tumor Stem Cell Assay ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Biopsy ; Fluid Therapy ; Glucocorticoids ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia/diagnosis/*etiology/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multimodal Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Renal Dialysis ; Sarcoidosis/*complications/diagnosis/therapy ; Subcutaneous Tissue/pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome