In a prehospital setting, the narrow therapeutic window of epinephrine necessitates its cautious administration to avoid anaphylaxis. In this case, a 46-year-old man presented severe anaphylactic symptoms. Following the standard protocol, the emergency medical technician (EMT) administered intramuscular epinephrine; however, symptoms persisted. Under the oversight of the emergency medical services (EMS) medical director, an additional intravenous bolus of epinephrine was administered, unfortunately leading to atrial fibrillation. This case underscores the potential risks of intravenous epinephrine, which is not typically recommended for anaphylaxis without continuous monitoring. Since 2019, Korea has initiated a pilot program to expand the EMT scope of practice, which gives them the authority to administer epinephrine for anaphylaxis. The ultimate decision regarding epinephrine use for anaphylaxis, emphasizing patient safety, rests with the EMS medical director. Proper training for EMTs, coupled with the EMS medical director’s comprehensive knowledge and meticulous protocol adherence, can ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the trend of nursing education and major research themes in the Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education (JKASNE) over 30 years. Methods: A total of 1,026 articles, published in the JKASNE from 1995 to 2023, were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program for descriptive statistics and NetMiner for a word cloud of Korean keywords. Results: Most research subjects were healthy people (n=841). Education-related research topics (n=619) were categorized into nine domains: educational methods, educational curriculum, study type and methods, knowledge level and contents, psychosocial variables related to knowledge and education, attitude, behavior, development and evaluation of educational programs, and effects of educational programs. Quantitative (n=835) and descriptive studies (n=497) were determined to be the most common research designs. Self-reported questionnaires were the most common method used in surveys (n=581) and experimental studies (n=153). Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and other statistical techniques were used. The keywords in the JKASNE reflected various aspects of nursing research. General terms related to nursing education, such as "nursing students," "nurses," and "nursing education," appeared with high frequency, while more specific terms and phrases reflecting educational competencies and characteristics, such as "self-efficacy," "clinical performance ability," and "communication knowledge," were also prominently featured. Conclusion The JKASNE has published mainly education-focused papers. Analyzing the full set of papers published in JKASNE and examining their characteristics is very meaningful and helpful for the future development of Korean nursing education.

In a prehospital setting, the narrow therapeutic window of epinephrine necessitates its cautious administration to avoid anaphylaxis. In this case, a 46-year-old man presented severe anaphylactic symptoms. Following the standard protocol, the emergency medical technician (EMT) administered intramuscular epinephrine; however, symptoms persisted. Under the oversight of the emergency medical services (EMS) medical director, an additional intravenous bolus of epinephrine was administered, unfortunately leading to atrial fibrillation. This case underscores the potential risks of intravenous epinephrine, which is not typically recommended for anaphylaxis without continuous monitoring. Since 2019, Korea has initiated a pilot program to expand the EMT scope of practice, which gives them the authority to administer epinephrine for anaphylaxis. The ultimate decision regarding epinephrine use for anaphylaxis, emphasizing patient safety, rests with the EMS medical director. Proper training for EMTs, coupled with the EMS medical director’s comprehensive knowledge and meticulous protocol adherence, can ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the trend of nursing education and major research themes in the Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education (JKASNE) over 30 years. Methods: A total of 1,026 articles, published in the JKASNE from 1995 to 2023, were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program for descriptive statistics and NetMiner for a word cloud of Korean keywords. Results: Most research subjects were healthy people (n=841). Education-related research topics (n=619) were categorized into nine domains: educational methods, educational curriculum, study type and methods, knowledge level and contents, psychosocial variables related to knowledge and education, attitude, behavior, development and evaluation of educational programs, and effects of educational programs. Quantitative (n=835) and descriptive studies (n=497) were determined to be the most common research designs. Self-reported questionnaires were the most common method used in surveys (n=581) and experimental studies (n=153). Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and other statistical techniques were used. The keywords in the JKASNE reflected various aspects of nursing research. General terms related to nursing education, such as "nursing students," "nurses," and "nursing education," appeared with high frequency, while more specific terms and phrases reflecting educational competencies and characteristics, such as "self-efficacy," "clinical performance ability," and "communication knowledge," were also prominently featured. Conclusion The JKASNE has published mainly education-focused papers. Analyzing the full set of papers published in JKASNE and examining their characteristics is very meaningful and helpful for the future development of Korean nursing education.

In a prehospital setting, the narrow therapeutic window of epinephrine necessitates its cautious administration to avoid anaphylaxis. In this case, a 46-year-old man presented severe anaphylactic symptoms. Following the standard protocol, the emergency medical technician (EMT) administered intramuscular epinephrine; however, symptoms persisted. Under the oversight of the emergency medical services (EMS) medical director, an additional intravenous bolus of epinephrine was administered, unfortunately leading to atrial fibrillation. This case underscores the potential risks of intravenous epinephrine, which is not typically recommended for anaphylaxis without continuous monitoring. Since 2019, Korea has initiated a pilot program to expand the EMT scope of practice, which gives them the authority to administer epinephrine for anaphylaxis. The ultimate decision regarding epinephrine use for anaphylaxis, emphasizing patient safety, rests with the EMS medical director. Proper training for EMTs, coupled with the EMS medical director’s comprehensive knowledge and meticulous protocol adherence, can ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the trend of nursing education and major research themes in the Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education (JKASNE) over 30 years. Methods: A total of 1,026 articles, published in the JKASNE from 1995 to 2023, were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program for descriptive statistics and NetMiner for a word cloud of Korean keywords. Results: Most research subjects were healthy people (n=841). Education-related research topics (n=619) were categorized into nine domains: educational methods, educational curriculum, study type and methods, knowledge level and contents, psychosocial variables related to knowledge and education, attitude, behavior, development and evaluation of educational programs, and effects of educational programs. Quantitative (n=835) and descriptive studies (n=497) were determined to be the most common research designs. Self-reported questionnaires were the most common method used in surveys (n=581) and experimental studies (n=153). Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and other statistical techniques were used. The keywords in the JKASNE reflected various aspects of nursing research. General terms related to nursing education, such as "nursing students," "nurses," and "nursing education," appeared with high frequency, while more specific terms and phrases reflecting educational competencies and characteristics, such as "self-efficacy," "clinical performance ability," and "communication knowledge," were also prominently featured. Conclusion The JKASNE has published mainly education-focused papers. Analyzing the full set of papers published in JKASNE and examining their characteristics is very meaningful and helpful for the future development of Korean nursing education.

Background: Sleep apnea, characterized by interruptions in breathing during sleep, presents health risks and has been associated with various dietary patterns. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns, as measured by the Recommended Food Score (RFS), and the risk of sleep apnea, as assessed using the Berlin Questionnaire. Methods: A total of 11,586 adults from a general hospital in Korea were included in the analysis. Participants completed a questionnaire covering demographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and dietary habits. Dietary quality was assessed using the RFS, while sleep apnea risk was evaluated using the Berlin Questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of RFS on sleep quality, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: Higher RFS was negatively correlated with sleep apnea risk (odds ratio=0.91 [95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.00, P=0.048)]. Significant positive associations were observed between male sex, low education level, marital status, smoking, drinking, inactivity, high blood pressure, high waist circumference, high levels of triglycerides, and poor sleep quality. Hematologic markers such as C-reactive protein levels and glutamic pyruvic transaminase also displayed significant associations with sleep quality. Conclusions This study contributes to our understanding of the complex interplay between diet, lifestyle, metabolic health, and sleep quality. These findings underscore the importance of dietary interventions in managing sleep apnea and highlight avenues for further research.

If drug excipients hypersensitivity is not accurately recognized, the patient is at risk of experiencing repeated hypersensitivity to various drugs. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edetic acid, EDTA), often found as an excipient in injectable drugs and topical agents.Herein, we report a patient who developed anaphylactic shock to an injection containing EDTA and subsequently experienced both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to EDTA. A 51-year-old female was referred due to perioperative anaphylaxis. It took the patient 2 hours to return to the ward after receiving general anesthesia. Immediately after returning to the ward, the patient received injections of Mucosten (Medica), Traumeel (Saehan), and Botropase (Han Lim), and within 1 minute she experienced an anaphylactic shock. The patient had drug allergy histories to computed tomography contrast agents and injectable drugs as well as repeated contact dermatitis histories to topical agents. A month later, the patient came to the outpatient clinic. As a result, intradermal test for perioperative drugs, Mucosten, and Dexamethasone (Daewon Pharm) were positive. In addition, the 48-hour delay test for Mucosten and Dexamethasone was also positive. Under the suspicion of additive hypersensitivity, skin prick test was performed for disodium acetate, an additive containing Mucosten and Dexamethasone, which showed a positive result. However, skin prick test for N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, a main compound of Mucosten, was negative. This case is a hypersensitivity reaction to EDTA, which was confirmed by drug skin tests. In addition, this case is meaningful in that immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to a single excipient appeared independently in the same patient.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to better understand nursing education in the early years of the Japanese colonial rule. Methods: We compared the 1918 Textbook on Nursing with the first Textbook on Nursing and to the original text, Grade A Textbook on Nursing, by the Japanese Red Cross Society (JRCS) using the historical research method. The background of its publication and its use in nursing education were exploring, too. Results: After Korea’s annexation by Japan, the nursing textbook by the JRCS was appointed as the standard textbook in nursing education by the Government-General in Korea (GGK). Missionary nurse got the permission for the nursing textbook by JRCS and the Textbook on Nursing was published in 1918 using Korean and Chinese characters in combination. This book, an adaptation of the original text, explained the responsibilities and roles of nurses to guide them in serving patients as well as assisting in treatment or directly performing emergency medical treatment when necessary, with a focus on the treatment of the war wounded. It would have been partially used in actual nursing education among the missionary community. Conclusion Textbook on Nursing in 1918 was published not only for the nursing students of missionary nursing schools but also for other nursing trainees of diverse hospitals, nurses and missionary volunteers and to help them to acquire the licenses. It reflects the enforcement on nursing education by GGK and the reality and resistance in terms of the content of education of nursing in Korea during that period.

An allergy skin test is used to diagnose certain allergies by identifying sensitized allergens. In other words, it is a test for patients who are already sensitized to certain allergens. Because of the prevailing perception that beta-lactam allergy can be dangerous and potentially lethal, the intradermal test has long been routinely performed before use to screen beta-lactam allergy in Korea. The prevalence of penicillin allergy is estimated to be 1% to 2%. However, only 14% of the subjects with perceived penicillin allergy is considered to have true penicillin allergy. Moreover, it is difficult to justify performing a skin test on subjects who are very unlikely to be sensitized to beta-lactam, such as those who never used beta-lactam or never experienced allergy after previous use of beta-lactam.Therefore, allergists recommend beta-lactam skin testing in those who have allergy after the use of beta-lactam. Nevertheless, many hospitals in Korea are conducting routine skin tests on patients regardless of a history of beta-lactam allergy, which are not clinically validated but consume considerable human and material resources. False-positive results can consequently result in inappropriate labeling of beta-lactam allergy, leading to the unnecessary restriction of medication prescriptions and the increase in medical expenses. Herein, the drug allergy working group affiliated with the Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology announces an expert opinion on the preuse beta-lactam skin test for subjects without a history of beta-lactam allergy based on the objective evidence from the literature and clinical relevance.