Objective To evaluate the performance of two molecular point-of-care testing(POCT)prod-ucts in the diagnosis of influenza A virus(Flu A)and influenza B virus(Flu B)of clinical samples,and pre-liminarily evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of the changes of infection-related indicators in peripheral blood.Methods A total of 491 oropharyngeal swabs from patients with influenza-like symptoms who were treated in the hospital were recruited into this study from November 1,2019 to June 30,2023.These swabs were collected using reverse transcription real-time quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),and two POCT molecular products,XpertTM Xpress Flu/RSV and EasyNAT? Flu Assay,respectively.The diagnostic performance of two POCT molecular products was analyzed using RT-qPCR reaction as a standard.According to the results of RT-qPCR method,the subjects were divided into Flu A positive group,Flu B positive group and negative group(both Flu A and Flu B were negative).The levels of indicators in pe-ripheral blood of the three groups were compared to evaluate the value of these indicators in the clinical diag-nosis of Flu A and Flu B.Results Among the 491 patient specimens,the XpertTM Xpress Flu/RSV assay showed the sensitivity for Flu A was 96.88%,and the specificity was 99.75%,and the sensitivity for Flu B was 100.00%,and the specificity was 100.00%.EasyNAT? Flu Assay assay showed the sensitivity for Flu A was 94.79%,and the specificity was 96.81%,and the sensitivity for Flu B was 100.00%,and the specificity was 100.00%.And two POCT molecular methods performed well consistency(Kappa value was 0.974).There was no significant difference in the levels of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A among the negative group,Flu A positive group,and Flu B positive group(P>0.05).But the levels of white blood cell count in the negative group were higher than those in the Flu A positive group and Flu B positive group(P<0.01).Conclusion In this paper,two typical molecular POCT products are studied.Their sensitivity and specificity are highly consistent with the results of RT-qPCR.Molecular POCT products have the advantages of flexibil-ity and rapidity,which are of great value for the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment.Molecular detection combined with peripheral blood infection related indicators is helpful for the early diagnosis of influ-enza virus infectious diseases.

Objective To analyze the medication rules of Professor HUANG Feng for the treatment of low back pain using data mining methods.Methods The information of prescriptions for the effective cases of outpatients with low back pain treated by Professor HUANG Feng were collected and screened.Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to analyze the frequency of medication and the distribution of properties,flavors and meridian tropism of the drugs in the included prescription.IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 was used for association rule analysis,and IBM Statistics 26.0 was used for cluster analysis.Results A total of 239 prescriptions and 75 Chinese medicines were included.There were 23 high-frequency Chinese medicines with the medication frequency being or over 20 times,and the top 10 Chinese medicines were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,vinegar-processed Corydalis Rhizoma,Cibotii Rhizoma,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Zanthoxyli Radix,salt-processed Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix,Rehmanniae Radix,Dipsaci Radix,Coicis Semen,and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.The medicines were mainly warm in nature,and were sweet,bitter and pungent in flavor.Most of the drugs had the meridian tropism of liver,stomach and spleen meridians.Among the drug combinations obtained from association rule analysis with the top 20 highest support,vinegar-processed Corydalis Rhizoma,Cibotii Rhizoma,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Zanthoxyli Radix were the core drugs.Cluster analysis yielded 6 clustering combinations.Conclusion For the treatment of low back pain,Professor HUANG Feng follows the principle of"treatment adapting to the climate,individuality,and environment"and"treating the root cause of the disease",usually adopts the drugs for activating blood,moving qi and relieving pain,nourishing the liver and kidney,and also uses the medicines for replenishing qi and strengthening the spleen.The ideas of HUANG Feng for the treatment of low back pain can be used as a reference for the clinical treatment.

This study aimed to identify the related substances of phloroglucinol injection by two-dimensional liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2D-LC-Q-TOF/MS). The first-dimensional separation was carried out on an HSS T3 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column by gradient elution using 1.36 g·L^-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution (pH adjusted to 3.0 with diluted phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile as the mobile phases. The separated components were then trapped in switch valve tube lines respectively and delivered to the second-dimensional desalting gradient elution which was performed with a BDS C18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.4 μm) column using 0.1% formic acid and methanol as the mobile phases. After rapid desalting, electrospray-ionization quadrupole time-of-flight high resolution mass spectrometry was used for determining the accurate masses and elemental compositions of the parents and their product ions for both phloroglucinol and its related substance. Structures of the related substances were then figured out by mass spectrometry elucidation, organic reaction mechanism analysis, and/or comparison with reference substances. Under the established analytical conditions, phloroglucinol and its related substances were adequately separated, 17 main related substances were detected and identified in the injection and its stressed samples for the first time. The identification results can provide reference for the quality control of phloroglucinol injection.

As the backbone force of China's social and economic construction, the health status of workers is closely related to the nation's productivity and social development. Currently, cancers have become one of the major diseases threatening the health of workers. However, there are still many shortcomings in the cancer screening services for the workers. To standardize cancer screening services for workers, ensure the quality of screening services, and improve the overall screening effectiveness, 19 institutions, including Peking Union Medical College Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, have jointly formulated the Group Standard "Specification for service of cancer screening for workers (T/CHAA 023-2023)". This standard follows the principles of "legality, scientific rigor, advancement, and feasibility" and combines the frontier scientific advances in cancer screening. It clarifies the relevant requirements for service principles, service design, service delivery, service management, service evaluation, and improving worker cancer screening. Implementing this group standard will help connect the common screening needs of workers, employers, and cancer screening service providers, standardize the screening process, improve screening quality, and ultimately increase the early diagnosis rate and survival rate of cancer patients. Consequently, this group standard will help safeguard workers' health rights and interests, ensure the labor force resources, promote the comprehensive coordinated and sustainable development of society, and contribute to realizing the "Healthy China 2030" strategic policy.

Objective:To observe the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on functional connectivity (FC) in language-related brain regions of patients with picture-naming dysfunction after cerebral infarction by using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI).Methods:Twenty-eight patients with post-infarction picture-naming dysfunction were divided into an acute stage group( n=16) and a recovery stage group( n=12) according to the course of the disease, and 18 middle-aged and elderly volunteers were recruited as the normal control group.The anodic tDCS was applied on the posterior perisylvian region(PPR) of the left sylvian of the patients, 5 days a week for 2 weeks.Before and after the 2 weeks′ treatment, the rs-fMRI and Psycholinguistic Assessment of Chinese Aphasia (PACA)-picture-naming subscale were performed, and FC changes in language-related brain areas were observed. Results:After treatment, the PACA scores of patients in both acute and recovery stage groups were significantly improved after treatment( P<0.05). Compared with normal subjects, FC in multiple brain regions and particularly the Wernicke area was reduced in both cerebral hemispheres among the patient group. It was more severe in the dominant hemisphere.After the tDCS treatment, FC in both frontotemporal lobes and in the Wernicke area was significantly enhanced in both the acute and recovery groups. Further comparison showed that in the acute group FC in both temporo-occipital lobes was significantly enhanced after treatment. In the recovery group, the enhanced FC in the left temporal lobe before the treatment was significantly reduced after treatment. Conclusion:The fMRI technique can evaluate changes in brain connectivity in aphasia patients with picture-naming dysfunction after cerebral infarction accurately and non-invasively.tDCS may improve picture-naming function of stroke patients by enhancing the FC in bilateral language-related brain areas(concentrated in frontotemporal lobes) and Wernicke area.

Objective To explore the causal relationship among 731 types of immune cells and breast cancer.Methods Genome-wide association data for immune cells and breast cancer were used.Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using the inverse variance weighting(IVW)and weighted median(WM)methods,and sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy.Results A total of 19 immune cell phenotypes were identified to potentially have a causal association with breast cancer,using IVW as the main analysis method(P>0.05)and correcting P values using the false discovery rate method at a significance level of 0.05,excluding reverse causality.Of these,eight and 11 immune phenotypes may increase and decrease the risk of breast cancer,respectively.Conclusion This study explored the causal relationship between immune cells and breast cancer.Results show that certain immune cell phenotypes could serve as predictive markers for the early diagnosis of breast cancer and the development of new immun-otherapeutic strategies.

In recent years, the incidence of cancer in China has been increasing steadily. Advancing primary prevention measures for cancers could be an effective strategy to curb this trend. Diet has been considered a modifiable and shared risk factor for various cancers. Studying dietary patterns, with consideration of the interactions between foods and nutrients, has a practical implication for cancer prevention. This study provided an overview of dietary pattern extraction methods, summarized the research findings on the association between dietary patterns and cancers in the digestive system, respiratory system, and genitourinary system, and elucidated the potential mechanisms underlying these associations, in order to provide scientific references for future research in this field.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic factors for all-cause mortality in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)with intermediate-to-high-risk primary prostate cancer.Methods:From January 2012 to October 2023,the clinical data of the patients with MIBC with intermediate-to-high-risk primary prostate cancer in Peking University Third Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients were monitored and the occurrence of all-cause death was documented as the outcome event in the prognostic study.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis models were implemented to search for independent influences on the prognosis of patients.For significant influencing factors(pathological T stage,M stage and perineural invasion of bladder cancer),survival curves were plotted before and after multifactorial Cox regression adjusting for confounding factors.Results:A total of 32 patients were included in this study.The mean age was(72.5±6.6)years;the median preoperative total prostate specific antigen(tPSA)was 6.68(2.47,6.84)μg/L;the mean preoperative creatinine was(95±36)μmol/L,and the median survival time was 65 months.The majority of the patients(87.5％)had high-grade bladder cancer,53.1％had lymphatic invasion,and 31.3％had perineural invasion.Prostate involvement was observed in 25.0％of the cases,and the positive rate of soft-tissue surgical margin was 37.5％.Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that preoperative creatinine level(HR=1.02,95％CI:1.01-1.04),pathological stage of bladder cancer T3(HR=11.58,95％CI:1.38-97.36)and T4(HR=19.53,95％CI:4.26-89.52)metastasis of bladder cancer(HR=9.44,95％CI:1.26-70.49)and perineural invasion of bladder cancer(HR=6.26,95％CI:1.39-28.27)were independent prognostic factors(P＜0.05).Survival curves with Log-rank test after adjusting for confounding factors demonstrated that bladder cancer pathology T3,T4,M1,and perineural invasion were unfavorable factors affecting the patients'survival prognosis(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Patients with MIBC with intermediate-to-high risk primary prostate cancer generally portends a poor prognosis.High preoperative serum creatinine,T3 or T4 pathological stage of bladder cancer,metastasis of bladder cancer and bladder cancer perineural invasion are poor prognostic factors for patients with MIBC with intermediate-to-high risk primary prostate cancer.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT)is a common endocrine disease,which can be classified into the category of goiter disease in traditional Chinese medicine.Professor LIU Min believes that the pathogenesis of HT is closely related to the heart and gallbladder,and its pathogenesis is due to the gallbladder constraint failing to descend and the disturbance of pivot,together with insufficient heart-qi and the disharmony between the nutritive qi and the defensive qi.For the treatment of HT,the modified Chaihu Guizhi Decoction is often used,which is mainly composed of Bupleuri Radix,Cinnamomi Ramulus,Scutellariae Radix,Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,Jujubae Fructus,Paeoniae Radix Alba,Os Draconis,Ostreae Concha,and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens.Chaihu Guizhi Decoction has the actions of soothing gallbladder and relieving depression,restoring the function of shaoyang pivot,regulating nutritive qi and the defensive qi,and benefiting heart spirit,which exactly accords with the HT's pathogenesis of gallbladder constraint failing to descend and insufficient heart-qi.In the clinical treatment of HT,the modification of the drugs should be performed according to the concurrent syndromes of the patients,and the dosage of the drugs should also be adjusted.In addition to drug treatment,the attention should also be addressed to the adjustment of patients'lifestyle and dietary habits and to the emotional counseling,thus to achieve significant effect.

[Objective] To review the clinical information, imaging features, pathological manifestations and prognosis of low-grade oncocytic tumor (LOT), so as to improve the clinical understanding of the disease. [Methods] The imaging, clinicopathological and postoperative follow-up data of 3 LOT cases treated in Peking University Third Hospital during Feb.2020 and Sep.2022 were retrospectively collected. [Results] All patients were male, aged 51—70 years.All tumors were single, with the maximum diameter of 14—21 mm. None of the patients had any specific clinical manifestations.The mass showed a circular isodense shadow on CT.All patients underwent nephron-sparing tumor resection.Postoperative pathology showed that the incision surface of the tumors was brownish-yellow or brown, and the tumors were solid or partially cystic.HE staining showed that the cells were uniformly eosinophilic; the nucleus was round or oval, with slight local perinuclear halo.Immunohistochemistry showed positive CK7 but negative CD117.Genetic testing in case 2 showed 1 potentially clinically significant somatic mutation TSC2.During the follow-up of 12-23 months, no recurrence occurred. [Conclusion] There were no obvious clinical symptoms and imaging features of LOT, which morphologically showed heterozygous or borderline characteristics with renal eosinophilia and renal chromophobe cell carcinoma, and the biological behavior was indolent.Nephron-sparing tumor resection promised good prognosis.