Based on clinical epidemiological data， it is believed that qi deficiency constitution is closely related to allergic diseases. According to the fundamental principles of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） constitution theory， the intrinsic connection between qi deficiency constitution and allergic diseases is analyzed from the perspectives of inherited endowment， life process， environmental restriction， and the interplay of form and spirit. This paper discusses the key points of regulating qi deficiency constitution to prevent allergic diseases in three stages， prevention before illness， prevention of disease progression， and prevention of recurrence after recovery. It also distinguishes the treatment directions for regulating qi deficiency constitution to treat allergic diseases based on different disease locations such as the lung， spleen， and kidney. This aims to expand new ideas for the research on qi deficiency constitution and allergic diseases as well as the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.

Objective: To understand the health literacy and relevant factors of cancer prevention consciousness in Chinese urban residents from 2015 to 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the information of demographic characteristics and cancer prevention consciousness focusing on nine common risk factors, including smoking, alcohol, fiber food, food in hot temperature or pickled food, chewing betel nut, helicobacter pylori, moldy food, hepatitis B infection, estrogen, and exercise. The logistic regression model was adopted to identify the influencing factors. Results: The overall health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness was 77.4% (24 980 participants), with 77.4% (12 018 participants), 79.9% (6 406 participants), 77.2% (1 766 participants) and 74.5% (4 709 participants) in each group (P<0.001). The correct response rates for nine risk factors ranged from 55.2% to 93.0%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with community residents, people with primary school level education or below, and the number of people living together in the family <3, the cancer risk assessment/screening intervention population, cancer patients, those with junior high school level educationor above and the number of people living in the family ≥3 had better health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness (all P values <0.05). Compared with females, 39 years old and below, government-affiliated institutions or civil servants, from the eastern region, males, older than 40 years, company or enterprise employees, and from the middle or western region had worse health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness (all P values <0.05). Conclusion The health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness in Chinese urban residents should be improved. The cancer screening intervention, gender, age, education, occupation, the number of people co-living in the family, and residential region were associated with the health literacy of the cancer prevention consciousness.

Objective: To understand the consciousness of the cancer early detection among urban residents and identify the influencing factors from 2015 to 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect population, socioeconomic indicators, self-cancer risk assessment, regular participation in physical examination and other information. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the factors of people who had not regularly participated in the regular physical examination in the past five years. Results: The self-assessment results of 32 357 residents showed that there were 27.54% (8 882) of total study population with self-reported cancer risk, 45.48% (14 671) without cancer risk and 26.98% (8 704) with unclear judgement on their own cancer risk. Among population with cancer risk, 79.84% (7 091) considered physical examination accounted. In the past five years, there were 21 105 (65.43%) residents participated in regular physical examination and 11 148 (34.56%) participated in non-scheduled one, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with unmarried and western region residents, divorced, middle and eastern region residents had a stronger consciousness to participate in the regular physical examination (P<0.05). Compare with residents with annual household income less than 20 000 CNY in 2014, cancer risk assessment/screening intervention population, and self-assessment with cancer risk, residents with annual household income between 20 000 CNY and 59 000 CNY in 2014, occupational population, community residents, cancer patients, self-reported cancer-free risk, and self-assessment with unclear judgement of cancer risk were less likely to participate in the regular physical examination (all P values <0.05). Conclusion From 2015 to 2017, the Chinese urban residents had a acceptable consciousness of the cancer early detection. The marital status, annual household income, population group and self-assessment of cancer risk were related to the consciousness of the cancer early detection of people who had not participated in the regular physical examination in the past five years.

Objective: To understand the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis among urban residents and identify the related factors from 2015 to 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. The general demographic characteristics, the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis (whether people would have a willingness or encourage their relatives/friends to confirm the abnormal results once which were detected from the physical examination) and other information were collected by using the self-designed questionnaire. The non-conditional logistic regression model was used to identify the relateol factors related to the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis. Results: As for residents with abnormal result from the physical examination, 89.29% (28 802) of residents would choose to seek medical treatment for further diagnosis. If their relatives/friends had abnormal results from the physical examination, 89.55% (28 886) of residents would encourage their relatives/friends to confirm the diagnosis in time. The non-conditional logistic regression model analysis showed that compared with the public institution staff/civil servants, annual household income less than 20 000 CNY, the western region and the cancer risk assessment/screening intervention population, the company staff, annual household income about 40 000 CNY and more, and the residents from the middle and eastern region had a stronger consciousness to seek further diagnosis; while the unemployed residents and community residents were less likely to seek further diagnosis (P<0.05). Conclusions From 2015 to 2017, the Chinese urban residents had a good consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis. Occupation, annual household income, residential region and population group were related to the consciousness of the cancer early diagnosis.

Objective: To understand the consciousness of the cancer early treatment and its demographic and socioeconomic factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China (CanSPUC) from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. The questionnaire collected personal information, the consciousness of the cancer early treatment and relevant factors. The Chi square test was used to compare the difference between the consciousness of the cancer early treatment and relevant factors among the four groups. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors related to the consciousness of the cancer early treatment. Results: With the assumption of being diagnosed as precancer or cancer, 89.97% of community residents, 91.84% of cancer risk assessment/screening population, 93.00% of cancer patients and 91.52% of occupational population would accept active treatments (P<0.001). If the immediate family members were diagnosed as precancer or cancer, people who would encourage their family members to receive early treatment in the four groups accounted for 91.96%, 91.94%, 92.44% and 91.55%, respectively (P<0.001). The company employees, annual household income with 40 000 yuan and more and other three groups had a relatively better consciousness of the cancer early treatment (P<0.05). Male, widowed, unemployed and from the central and western regions had a relatively worse consciousness of the cancer early treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Residents in urban China participants had a good consciousness of the cancer early treatment. The marital status, occupation, annual household income and residential regions were major factors related to the consciousness of the cancer early treatment.

Objective: To understand the health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment among urban residents of China, and explore the related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China (CanSPUC) from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. The health literacy of the cancer prevention, early discovery, early diagnosis, early treatment and the demands of cancer prevention and treatment knowledge was analyzed. The level of health literacy among different groups were calculated and compared. The binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment. Results: The level of health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment was 56.97% among all study population; in each group it was 55.01% for community residents, 59.08% for cancer risk assessment/screening population, 61.99% for cancer patients and 57.31% for occupational population, respectively (P<0.001). The level of health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment of residents aged 50 to 69 years old, other occupational groups, unmarried, the central and western region residents and the group with unclear self-assessment of cancer risk was significantly lower than that of residents younger than 40 years old, personnel of public institutions/civil servants, married, the eastern region residents and the group whose self-assessment without cancer risk (P<0.05) . The level of health literacy of cancer prevention and treatment of females, people who went to high school or over, cancer risk assessment/screening population, cancer patients and occupational population was significantly higher than that of males, people who had an education level of primary school or below and community residents (P<0.05) . Conclusion The health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment of urban residents in China was relatively high, but there was still room for improvement. Gender, age, educational level, occupation, region, marital status, self-assessment of cancer risk, and type of respondents were the key influencing factors of the health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment. Male, 50-69 years old, lower educational level, central and western regions, unclear cancer risk self-assessment, and without specific environmental exposure to cancer prevention and treatment knowledge or related risk factors were the characteristics of the key intervention group of the health literacy of the cancer prevention and treatment.

Objective: To investigate the demand and access to the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge and related factors among urban residents in China from 2015 to 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the information of general demographic characteristics, the demand and access to cancer prevention and treatment knowledge, and the influencing factors of the attitude. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference of the demand of the cancer prevention knowledge among different groups and the corresponding factors of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge were analyzed by using the logistic regression model. Results: The proportion of residents who need the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge was 79.5%. The demand rate of the inducement, symptom and diagnosis methods of cancer in the occupational population was highest, about 66.8%, 71.0% and 20.8%, respectively. The demand rate of treatment methods and cost in current cancer patients was the highest, about the 45.9% and 21.9%, respectively. The top three sources to acquire the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge were "broadcast or television" (69.5%), "books, newspapers, posters or brochures" (44.7%) and "family and friends" (33.8%). The multivariate analysis showed that compared with public institution personnel/civil servants, unmarried/cohabiting/divorced/widowed and others, annual household income less than 20 000 CNY, from the eastern region, people without cancer diagnosis and people with self-assessment of cancer risk, the demand rate of cancer prevention and treatment knowledge was higher in enterprise personnel/workers, married, annual household income between 60 000 CNY and 150 000 CNY, from the central region, people with cancer and people with unclear cancer risk (all P values <0.05). Conclusion There was a high demand for the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge among urban residents in China from 2015 to 2017. The main access to the knowledge is from the radio or television. The occupation, marital status, annual household income, residential region, health status and risk of disease were the main factors of the demand of the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge.

OBJECTIVE：To struc turally modify shikimic acid ，and to investigate the reversal effects of its derivatives on paclitaxel-resistant human breast cancer cells MCF- 7/PTX. METHODS ：Using shikimic acid as the lead structure ，1-position carboxyl group was structurally modified to synthesize a series of shikimic acid derivatives through esterification ，amidation， hydrogenation and reduction ，etc. Using non-drug resistant cells MCF- 7 as reference ，MTT assay was used to screen derivatives with inhibitory activity as well as half-inhibitory concentration （IC50）and reversal index （RI）of derivatives to MCF- 7/PTX. With the drug resistance-related transgelin 2 as the target ，the molecular docking of the active derivatives with the drug resistance-related protein was carried out by using Glide 1.0 computer-aided design software. RESULTS ：Totally 15 derivatives were obtained （T1-T15）， of which T 4-T15 were obtained for the first time. MTT assay showed that （3R， 4S， 5R） -N-benzyl-3， 4， 5-trihydroxy-1-cyclohexene-1-formamide（T7），（3R，4S，5R）-N-（3，4，5-trihydroxy-1-cyclohexenylmethyl）-benzylamine（T14）， （3R，4S，5R）-3，4-O-isopropyl-5-O-acetyl-1-cyclohexene-1-methyl formate （T15）inhibited MCF- 7 and MCF- 7/PTX cells to a certain extent ；IC50 values of T 7，T14 and T 15 combined with pacliaxel to MCF- 7/PTX cells were significantly lower than that in negative control （Paclitaxel alone ）group（P＜0.05）. RIs of T 14 and T 15 were higher ，and RIs of the highest dose were 8.8 and 9.3， which were equivalent to positive control verapamil （10.8）. Th e results of molecular docking showed that the hydroxyl groups at positions 3，4 of T 7 could form multiple hydrogen bonds with ； Arg625 and Asp 627 in the catalytic region of transgelin 2. In addition to the hydrogen bond mentioned above at T 7，the mail：batistuta28@126.com secondary amine side chain at position 1 of T 14 could also form hydrogen bond with Glu 657 of transgelin 2. When the hydroxyl group on the T 15 mother nucleus was derived from the donor group ，the binding of the hydroxyl group to transgelin 2 was closer and the inhibition was enhanced. CONCLUSIONS ： The derivatives T 7，T14 and T 15 have certain reverse activity to paclitaxel-resistant human breast cancer cells. The polyhydroxy structure of the mother nucleus is the main structural region of the hydrogen bond between shikimic acid and its derivatives and transgelin 2. The derivation of its power supply group or the introduction of secondary amines and hydrophobic groups into the 1-carboxyl group of shikimic acid is benifit for enhancing the drug resistance reversal effect of derivative .

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a pedigree affected with Marfan syndrome (MFS). Methods: Clinical data of the patients was collected.With genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples, potential mutation was detected by targeted exome sequencing.Candidate variants were validated by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Results: Targeted exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing revealed a missense c. 649T>C(p.Trp217Arg) variant in the exon 7 of FBN1 gene, which was unreported previously.Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the variant can cause amino acid replacement and affect the structure and function of fibrillin-1. Conclusion A novel missense variant of the FBN1 gene was identified, which probably underlies the autosomal dominant MFS in this pedigree.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antibacterial drugs in the clinic. METHODS:In retrospective study,outpatient and emergency antibacterial drugs prescriptions were randomly selected from a hospital during 2013-2014,and then analyzed statistically. DDDs of antibacterial drugs were analyzed by using DDD method. RESULTS:From 2013-2014,the ap-plication rate of antibacterial drugs in the hospital declined substantially from 13.8% to 11.9%,and the rate of irrational use dropped from 2.7% to 1.2%. The application rate of antibacterial drugs was higher in pediatric department,emergency department and urology department;drug cost per capita was higher in infectious department,nephrology department and emergency depart-ment. The application rate of antibacterial drugs in pediatric department decreased greatly in 2014,compared with 2013,maintain-ing about 40%. The application rate of antibacterial drugs in emergency department during Jan.-Sept. in 2014 was lower than corre-sponding period in 2013,and that of the hospital during Jan.-Sept. in 2014 was lower than corresponding period in 2013,but dur-ing Oct.-Dec. in 2014 was slightly higher than corresponding period in 2013. Single type of antibacterial drugs were mainly used in outpatient department,accounting for 91.50% and 90.77% of antibacterial drug prescriptions in 2013 and 2014;two-drug account-ed for 8.44% and 9.11%. The top 3 antibacterial drugs in the list of DDDs during 2013-2014 were roxithromycin,cefuroxime and cefminox. CONCLUSIONS:The use of antibacterial drugs is up to the requirements of Nation Special Rectification Actirity for Clin-ical Application of Antibacterial Drugs in 2013. The prescription comment improve the quality of antibacterial drug prescriptions and rational use index greatly in outpatient department,but the application rate of antibacterial drugs is too high in some depart-ment. There still is irrational use of antibacterial drugs.