Chronic glomerulonephritis （CGN） is a common clinical chronic glomerular disease caused by autoimmune reaction， the pathogenesis of which is complex and has not been fully elucidated. There is no specific treatment method in modern medicine. The establishment of an animal model of CGN in accordance with its characteristics in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine will help to reveal the pathogenesis of CGN， rate drugs， and improve the treatment plan. Based on the clinical diagnostic criteria of CGN， the paper establishes the syndrome differentiation criteria of CGN for Chinese and western medicine. Through summarizing the literature on animal models of CGN and making a further analysis， it is found that the CGN models are mainly modeled using rats with the methods of single-factor induction or two-factor induction， and the main manifestation of the disease characteristics is nephritis-related symptoms. The single-factor-induced or two-factor-induced CGN rat models have a high fitting degree with the clinical characteristics in western medicine， but the fitting degree is insufficient with the clinical characteristics in traditional Chinese medicine. In addition， the CGN models with syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine are dominated by Qi deficiency in the spleen and kidney and Qi deficiency in the lung and kidney， while models for Yang deficiency in the spleen and kidney， Yin deficiency in the liver and kidney， and deficiency of both Qi and Yin are slightly insufficient. Therefore， it is important to prepare a new and improved animal model of CGN， so that a preclinical model can be provided for the exploration of the pathogenesis of CGN in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine and its therapeutic research.

0n December 31,2021,the Chinese Nursing Association released the group standard"nursing care of patients with infusion of vasoactive agents(T/CNAS 22-2021)",which outlines the fundamental requirements for intravenous infusion of vasoactive drugs and standardizes the evaluation,administration,and monitoring.This article provides an interpretation of the key parts and sections of the standard to ensure nursing safety during the administration of vasoactive drugs,aiming to reduce complications.Additionally,it serves as a crucial reference for nurses during the administration of the medication.

BACKGROUND:A pathophysiological feature of septic organ failure is endothelial dysfunction in sepsis(EDS).The physiological and pathological mechanism of sepsis is considered to be vascular leakage caused by endothelial dysfunction.These pathological changes lead to systemic organ injury.However,an analysis using bibliometric methods has not yet been conducted in the field of EDS.This study was conducted to provide an overview of knowledge structure and research trends in the field of EDS. METHODS:Based on previous research,a literature search was performed in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)for publications associated with EDS published between the year 2003 and 2023.Various types of data from the publications,such as citation frequency,authorship,keywords and highly cited articles,were extracted.The"Create Citation Report"feature in the WoSCC was employed to calculate the Hirsch index(h-index)and average citations per item(ACI)of authors,institutions,and countries.To conduct bibliometric and visualization analyses,three bibliometric tools were used,including R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace(co-citation analysis of references),and VOSviewer(co-authorship analysis of institutions,co-authorship analysis of authors,co-occurrence analysis of keywords). RESULTS:After excluding invalid records,the study finaly included 4,536 publications with 135,386 citations.Most of these publications originated in the USA,China,Germany,Canada,and Japan.Harvard University emerged as the most prolific institution,while professor Jong-Sup Bae and his research team at Kyungpook National University emerged as authors with the greatest influence.The"protein C","tissue factor","thrombin","glycocalyx","acute kidney injury","syndecan-1"and"biomarker"were identified as prominent areas of research.Future research may focus on molecular mechanisms(such as as vascular endothelial[VE]-cadherin regulation)and therapeutic interventions to enhance endothelial repair and function. CONCLUSION:Our findings show a growing interest in EDS research.Key areas for future research include signaling pathways,molecular mechanisms,endothelial repair,and interactions between endothelial cells and other cell types in sepsis.

Objective: To analyze the research status, hotspots and frontier progress of hypertension in children in English and Chinese literature, so as to provide reference for the early prevention of hypertension in children. Methods: The Web of Science core collection database and CNKI database were searched to collect the literature related to the study of hypertension in children from 2000 to 2021, and the CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and VOSviewer 1.6.18 visualization tools were used to analyze the literature characteristics including publications, authors, regions, institutional cooperation, research hotspots and frontiers. Results: A total of 22 687 English studies and 4 440 Chinese studies were finally included. According to the analysis results, the number of articles published on hypertension in children was on the rise. The published English articles were mainly University of Toronto and University of Colorado. The main publishing institution of Chinese articles was the First Affiliated Hospital of Peking University. The United States and China took the lead in the number of core journals published in the field of hypertension in children, the United States ranked first in terms of the influence of publications. Keyword co occurrence analysis showed that the high frequency keywords in the English literature included prevalence, risk, obesity, risk factor, body mass index, insulin resistance, overweight, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Chinese high frequency keywords in the literature include obesity, risk factors, adiposis, influencing factors, overweight, prevalence, diabetes, treatment, health education and body mass index. The analysis of keywords showed that 25 burst terms were obtained separately in English and Chinese literature. Conclusion In recent years, the research interest on hypertension in children continues to grow and keeps updated, with the research scope expanding significantly, regarding obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes within a social-ecological framework, incorporating personal and environmental unfavorable conditions during childhood from family, school, and community contexts. METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2014 life history survey and 2015 survey), including 9,179 participants aged ≥45 years. ACEs were collected through self-report questionnaires, and participants were categorized based on the number of distinct ACEs experienced (0, 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 ACEs). Diabetes was defined by biomarkers, self-reported diagnosis, and treatment status. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between ACEs and diabetes. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender, age, and obesity status. RESULTS: Compared with participants without ACEs, those exposed to any ACE (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.40), 3 ACEs (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.62) and ≥4 ACEs (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.56) had an increased risk of diabetes. For each additional ACE, the risk of diabetes increased by about 5%. Regarding the source of ACEs, those originating from the family (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41) were associated with diabetes. In terms of specific ACE types, family members with substance abuse (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.52), emotional abuse (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.46), and poor parental relationship (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.43) were associated with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS ACEs, particularly those originating from the family, were associated with diabetes. Interventions aimed at preventing and mitigating ACEs are essential for the early prevention of diabetes.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Notch on periprosthetic fracture (PPF) of the femoral prosthesis after primary total knee arthroplasty.Methods:A total of 34 patients diagnosed with femoral PPF at Xi'an Honghui Hospital were retrospectively collected from January 2013 to December 2020. There were 4 males and 30 females with a mean age of 69.2±7.2 years (range, 55-84 years). A total of 102 patients without PPF were matched by gender and age as the control group in a ratio of 1∶3. There were 12 males and 90 females with a mean age of 69.2±7.2 years (range, 55-84 years). The main observation indexes included patients' general information and factors such as coronal alignment, prosthesis design and Notch conditions. Then, subgroup analysis was performed with the depth and Tayside classification of Notch to analyze their effects on PPF.Results:The PPF and control groups were comparable in terms of baseline information such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and surgical side. There was no significant difference between the two groups in coronal alignment (χ 2=1.019, P=0.601) and prosthesis design (χ 2=1.545, P=0.214). There was no statistical difference in Notch between the PPF and control groups (χ 2=3.548, P=0.060). The mean length of Notch in the PPF group was 4.5±2.7 mm, compared with 4.9±2.8 mm in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( t=0.732, P=0.465). Further subgroup analysis using a Notch depth of 3 mm as a cut-off and Tayside classification revealed a statistical difference between the two groups (χ 2=11.262, P=0.004; χ 2=14.601, P=0.003). Compared with patients without Notch, the risk of PPF was higher when the depth of Notch exceeded 3 mm, with an odds ratio ( OR) of 4.88 (95% CI: 1.76, 13.51). The incidence of PPF was higher when Notch depth reached Tayside grade 3 or 4. Compared with patients without Notch, the risk of PPF would be 6.99-fold (95% CI: 1.85, 26.32) higher when Notch depth reached grade 3. In female patients, there was a significant difference in Notch status between the PPF and control groups (χ 2=3.956, P=0.047), with a higher risk of PPF in female patients with Notch, OR 2.33 (95% CI: 1.01, 5.43). In patients who underwent right-sided TKA, the risk of PPF was higher in patients with Notch compared to those without Notch (χ 2=5.502, P=0.019), with an OR of 3.58 (95% CI: 1.19, 10.75). Conclusion:The Notch has no significant effect on the femoral PPF after primary total knee arthroplasty. However, the risk of PPF will increase significantly when the Notch depth exceeds 3 mm or is above Tayside grade 3.

Functional vision is the visual ability of patients with visual disorders when they participate in or complete daily activities, through early evaluation and targeted treatment, the improvement of disease prognosis can be realized. In this paper, the concept of functional vision was introduced, the evaluation content, scoring method and application status of functional vision evaluation tools for patients with visual disorders were described, and the analysis and comparison of the characteristics and shortcomings of each evaluation tool were carried out.Thus providing appropriate functional vision evaluation tools for medical staff in China and providing reference for improving the quality of functional vision evaluation for patients with visual disorders.

Objective:To analyze the classification characteristics of nurses ′ perception of management care in tertiary Class A hospital in Tianjin and the differences in demographic characteristics among different categories, and provide reference for care managers to provide targeted care intervention. Methods:Totally 456 nurses from 6 tertiary Class A hospitals in Tianjin were selected by convenience sampling way from May to July 2020, and carried out surveys through the online questionnaire star platform. The content included general subject and the Chinese version of Caring Assessment Tool-administration Scale.Results:According to nurse management care perception totally 456 nurses were divided into 4 Latent groups: low decision-making respect and low care group (C1) 20.5% (94/456), moderate decision-making respect and high care group (C2) 35.6% (162/456), high decision-making respect and low care group (C3) 18.9% (85/456), high decision-making respect and high-care group (C4) 25.0% (115/456). Single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the distribution difference of different categories of nurses in departments, working years, department atmosphere and family support ( χ2 values were 19.119-55.947, P<0.01). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that departments, working years, department atmosphere had an effect on the level of nurses management, care and perception ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Specifically, nurses in the internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology and intensive care unit were more close to C2 group ( OR values were 2.435, 5.224, 22.291, P<0.05 or 0.01); nurses in the surgery were more close to C4 group ( OR values were 4.146, P<0.01); nurses with seniority of≤5 years were more close to C1 and C2 groups ( OR values were 0.326, 3.811, P<0.05 or 0.01); nurses with ordinary atmosphere were more close to C1 group ( OR value was 0.057, P<0.01). Conclusions:Nurses ′perception of management care is in the upper middle level, which can be divided into four potential categories. Nurses who are in the surgical department with high seniority or harmonious atmosphere or supportive families have good perception of management care; nurses who are in the department of internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, intensive care unit or a department with ordinary atmosphere or low seniority have an average level of management, care and perception, which need to be improved. Care managers could formulate targeted care management measures according to the characteristics of different categories of nurses.

As a product of high-tech and artificial intelligence development, companion robots are of great significance to the physical and mental health and daily life of the aged. This article reviews the classification of companion robots, the role of companion robots in mental health, promoting interaction, assistance in daily life, disease monitoring and health management of the aged. This article also analyses the problems in the application of companion robots in geriatric nursing and proposes corresponding countermeasures, hoping to provide a reference for the application of companion robots in geriatric nursing in my country.

Auricular point therapy has the advantages of quick onset, easy operation, and low price, and it plays an important role in the treatment of pain of different nature and parts. This article introduces the mechanism, evaluation methods and influencing factors of auricular point therapy for analgesia. This article also summarizes the intervention methods of auricular point therapy for analgesia, including auricular acupuncture, auricular point pressing, auricular point bleeding, auricular point injection and auricular point comprehensive therapy, in order to provide a reference for clinical application and related research of auricular point therapy for analgesia in the future.