Developing and implementing biosafety standards for pathogenic microbiology laboratories is essential to achieving scientific, efficient, and standardized management and operation. This article analyzes the current standardization construction in biosafety in pathogenic microbiology laboratories domestically and internationally. It proposes a framework for the biosafety standard system of pathogenic microbiology laboratories, which mainly includes four parts: basic standards, management standards, technical standards, and industry applications. It provides a reference for the standardization work of pathogenic microbiology laboratories and helps to standardize the biosafety industry in China.

0n December 31,2021,the Chinese Nursing Association released the group standard"nursing care of patients with infusion of vasoactive agents(T/CNAS 22-2021)",which outlines the fundamental requirements for intravenous infusion of vasoactive drugs and standardizes the evaluation,administration,and monitoring.This article provides an interpretation of the key parts and sections of the standard to ensure nursing safety during the administration of vasoactive drugs,aiming to reduce complications.Additionally,it serves as a crucial reference for nurses during the administration of the medication.

The development of genetic testing technology has allowed the increasing diagnosis of inherited metabolic diseases. The principle of treatment of inherited metabolic diseases is to limit the intake of the substrates of a reaction that is impaired, reduce the accumulation of harmful metabolites, and replenish insufficient metabolites. Common inherited metabolic diseases include amino acid and peptide metabolism disorders, lipid and lipoprotein metabolism disorders, fatty acid and ketone metabolism disorders, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, and other metabolic disorders. Therefore, fine modification on the ratios of nutrients is required in the clinical nutrition treatment for such diseases. The commonly used approach is diet intervention. Here we report a case of a child with glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome, who received the whole course nutritional management with dietary nutrient ratio modification, and discuss the role of ketogenic diet in this disease and its implementation. We aim to explore the significance of individualized dietary therapy in improving the prognosis and quality of life in children with inherited metabolic diseases.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diabetes within a social-ecological framework, incorporating personal and environmental unfavorable conditions during childhood from family, school, and community contexts. METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2014 life history survey and 2015 survey), including 9,179 participants aged ≥45 years. ACEs were collected through self-report questionnaires, and participants were categorized based on the number of distinct ACEs experienced (0, 1, 2, 3, or ≥4 ACEs). Diabetes was defined by biomarkers, self-reported diagnosis, and treatment status. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between ACEs and diabetes. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender, age, and obesity status. RESULTS: Compared with participants without ACEs, those exposed to any ACE (odds ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.40), 3 ACEs (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.62) and ≥4 ACEs (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.56) had an increased risk of diabetes. For each additional ACE, the risk of diabetes increased by about 5%. Regarding the source of ACEs, those originating from the family (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41) were associated with diabetes. In terms of specific ACE types, family members with substance abuse (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.52), emotional abuse (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.46), and poor parental relationship (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.43) were associated with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS ACEs, particularly those originating from the family, were associated with diabetes. Interventions aimed at preventing and mitigating ACEs are essential for the early prevention of diabetes.

Functional vision is the visual ability of patients with visual disorders when they participate in or complete daily activities, through early evaluation and targeted treatment, the improvement of disease prognosis can be realized. In this paper, the concept of functional vision was introduced, the evaluation content, scoring method and application status of functional vision evaluation tools for patients with visual disorders were described, and the analysis and comparison of the characteristics and shortcomings of each evaluation tool were carried out.Thus providing appropriate functional vision evaluation tools for medical staff in China and providing reference for improving the quality of functional vision evaluation for patients with visual disorders.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disease that seriously affects brain function. Currently, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are used to treat PTSD clinically but have decreased efficiency and increased side effects. In this study, nasal cannabidiol inclusion complex temperature-sensitive hydrogels (CBD TSGs) were prepared and evaluated to treat PTSD. Mice model of PTSD was established with conditional fear box. CBD TSGs could significantly improve the spontaneous behavior, exploratory spirit and alleviate tension in open field box, relieve anxiety and tension in elevated plus maze, and reduce the freezing time. Hematoxylin and eosin and c-FOS immunohistochemistry slides showed that the main injured brain areas in PTSD were the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus CA1. CBD TSGs could reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-

Purpose: The influence of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and cholesterolemia primary liver cancer (PLC) in china was analyzed via a large prospective cohort study based on a community population, and the combined effects between them were investigated. Materials and Methods: Overall, 98,936 staff from the Kailuan Group who participated in and finished physical examinations between 2006 and 2007 were included in the cohort study. Their medical information was collected and they were followed up after examination. The correlations of serum FBG or TC with PLC were analyzed. Then, we categorized all staff into four groups: normal FBG/ non-hypocholesterolemia, normal FBG/hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBGon-hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBG/hypocholesterolemia and normal FBG/ non-hypocholesterolemia was used as a control group. The combined effects of elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia with PLC were analyzed using the Age-scale Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: During 1,134,843.68 person*years follow up, a total of 388 PLC cases occured. We found the elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia increases the risk for PLC, respectively. Compared with the non-hypocholesterolemiaormal FBG group, the risk of PLC was significantly increased in the non-hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR=1.19,95%CI 0.88–1.62) and hypocholesterolemiaormal FBG group (HR=1.53,95%CI 1.19–1.97), and in the hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR=3.16 95%CI2.13-4.69). And, a significant interaction effect was found of FBG and TC on PLC. All results were independent from the influence of liver disease. Conclusion Elevated serum FBG and hypocholesterolemia are risk factors for PLC, especially when combined. Thus, for the prevention and treatment of PLC, serum FBG and TC levels should be investigated.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G(IgG) antibodies to 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in 2019-nCoV infection.Methods:This is a retrospective study. Serum samples were collected from 284 patients including outpatients and inpatients in the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20 to February 17 in 2020. Among them 205 cases were 2019-nCoV infected patients, including 186 cases confirmed with nucleic acid test and 19 cases diagnosed by clinical symptoms and CT characteristics according to "the New Coronavirus Pneumonia Control Protocol (5th edition)" . A total of 79 subjects with other diseases but negative to 2019-nCoV infection were recruited as control group. Serum IgM and IgG antibodies to 2019-nCoV were measured with fully automated immunoassay technology for all subjects. Statistical significance between 2019-nCoV antibodies test and 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test was determined using the χ 2 tests. Results:The sensitivity of serum IgM and IgG antibodies to 2019-nCoV were 70.24%(144/205) and 96.10%(197/205) respectively and the specificity were 96.20%(76/79) and 92.41%(73/79) respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of 2019-nCoV antibodies were 95.63%(197/206) and 91.03% (71/78) respectively, and the positive and negative predictive values of 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test were 100%(186/186) and 80.61%(79/98) respectively. The total coincidence rate of diagnosing 2019-nCoV infection between antibody tests and nucleic acid test for 2019-nCoV were 88.03%(250/284).Conclusion:Joint detection of serum IgM and IgG antibodies to 2019-nCoV is an effective screening and diagnostic indicators for 2019-nCoV infection, and an effective complement to the false negative results to nucleic acid test.

In December, the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China, has attracted extensive global attention. On January 20, 2020, the Chinese health authorities upgraded the coronavirus to a Class B infectious disease in the Law of the People′s Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and considered it as Class A infectious diseases in disease control and prevention. On January 18, 2020, the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection test was listed as the diagnostic criteria in the "guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia due to 2019-nCoV (Trial Version 2)" . Therefore, standardizing the operation process of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in clinical laboratories has become a top priority. It is of paramount importance to establish standard protocols for detection of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acids in clinical laboratories to improve the reliability of the results and ensure the biosafety of laboratory personnel.

In December, the outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China, has attracted extensive global attention. On January 20, 2020,the Chinese health authorities upgraded the coronavirus to a Class B infectious disease in the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, and considered it as Class A infectious diseases in disease control and prevention. On January 22, 2020, the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection test was listed as the diagnostic criteria in the "guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia due to 2019-nCoV (Trial Version 2)" . Therefore, standardizing the operation process of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid detection in clinical laboratories has become a top priority. It is of paramount importance to establish standard protocols for detection of the 2019-nCoV nucleic acids in clinical laboratories to improve the reliability of the results and ensure the biosafety of laboratory personnel.