Anterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography(AS-OCTA), as an emerging imaging technology for the anterior segment of the eye, has been increasingly applied in vascular imaging of the conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, and iris in recent years. This article focuses on the capability of AS-OCTA in providing morphological information of the anterior segment vasculature and quantitative measurements of vascular density, including key parameters such as vessel density, vessel diameter, and branching patterns. Compared to traditional imaging techniques(fuorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography), AS-OCTA demonstrates significant potential in ophthalmic diagnosis and treatment due to its high resolution and richness of information, suggesting that it will become an indispensable tool in the future ophthalmic clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to explore the application value of AS-OCTA in the diagnosis and treatment of anterior segment diseases, as well as its importance in enhancing the accuracy of clinical decision-making.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous assay of macrocyclic polyphenols from Penthorum chinense Pursh, pinocembrin-7-O-[4'', 6''-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose (PHG), pinocembrin-7-O-[3''-O-galloyl-4'', 6''-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose (PGHG) and pinocembrin dihydrochalcone-7-O-[3''-O-galloyl-4'', 6''-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucoside or thonningianin A (THA), and optimize the extraction process. Methods The total extraction rate of PHG, PGHG, THA was used as an investigated index to analyze the extracts from Penthorum chinense Pursh. Orthogonal design was applied to evaluate solvent amount, extraction time, solvent concentration and extraction times as the influencing factors for the optimal extraction process of macrocyclic polyphenols from Penthorum chinense Pursh. Results When this content assay method was adopted, there were good linear relationships for PHG, PGHG, THA in the linear range. The recoveries were between 100.90% to 102.04% with the RSDs below 1.5%. The optimal extraction process was involved in cutting Penthorum chinense Pursh into 3-5 cm, adding 10 times 80% ethanol aqueous solution by volume and refluxing 2 hours twice. The extraction rate of macrocyclic polyphenols was above 90% with this process. Conclusion This assay method is accurate, stable, and repeatable. The optimized extraction process is stable and feasible for further development and utilization.

Autogenous odontogenic materials are a new, highly biocompatible option for jaw restoration. The inorganic component of autogenous teeth acts as a scaffold to maintain the volume and enable donor cell attachment and proliferation; the organic component contains various growth factors that promote bone reconstruction and repair. The composition of dentin is similar to that of bone, which can be a rationale for promoting bone reconstruction. Recent advances have been made in the field of autogenous odontogenic materials, and studies have confirmed their safety and feasibility after successful clinical application. Autogenous odontogenic materials have unique characteristics compared with other bone-repair materials, such as the conventional autogenous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, and alloplastic bone substitutes. To encourage further research into odontogenic bone grafts, we compared the composition, osteogenesis, and development of autogenous odontogenic materials with those of other bone grafts. In conclusion, odontogenic bone grafts should be classified as a novel bone substitute.

Objective: To explore the longitudinal association of the levels of plasma irisin among children with changes in obesity related parameters and newly onset obesity, and to explore whether physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior(SB) have regulatory effects, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of childhood obesity work. Methods: Cluster random sampling method was used to select 521 children from five schools in Guangzhou in 2017 at baseline and were followed up in 2019. A based on baseline PA and SB, children who meet the following criterion were selected:moderate vigorous intensity PA≥60 min/d or <150 min/week; and gender , age specific SB≥ P 75 or SB < P 25 . Plasma irisin concentration was measured in all the selected children. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were conducted to analyze the association. Results: The two year cumulative incidence of obesity, overweight and obesity, and central obesity was 2.82%, 6.57%, and 6.81%, respectively. There was no statistically significant association between plasma irisin levels and changes in obesity related parameters, newly onset overweight obesity or central obesity among children ( P >0.05). After stratified by PA, the irisin concentration in the low PA group was positively associated with weight change ( B=0.229, P =0.03). After stratified by SB, the irisin concentration in the low SB group was positively associated with the height change ( B=0.210, P <0.05). In addition, PA level and SB level both had a moderating effect on the association between plasma irisin levels and the weight change ( P PA=0.01, P SB =0.05). Conclusion PA and SB show moderating effect on plasma irisin concentration and weight gain. No association of irisin concentration with newly onset overweight or obesity among children has been found.

Objective: To examine the association of sedentary behaviors with visual acuity among primary school children, and to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of poor vision. Methods: Using stratified random cluster sampling method, a total of 4 969 students in grade 1-4 were selected from 5 primary schools in Guangzhou in 2017, and then were followed up in 2019. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on children s sedentary behaviors, including doing homework, watching TV, playing computer/video games, and taking the bus/car between home and school. Visual acuity was measured in the baseline and the follow up using a 5 m standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were conducted to analyze the relationship between sedentary behaviors and visual changes. Results: The two year cumulative incidence of poor vision was 48.74%. Homework time was inversely associated with visual acuity of left eye( β=-0.012, 95%CI =-0.023- -0.002 ). Homework time was positively correlated with poor vision( OR =1.16, 95% CI =1.05-1.27). However, total sedentary time, screen time and bus/car time were not statistically associated with changes in visual acuity( P >0.05). Conclusion Increased homework time was associated with poorer vision in primary school students. Interventions to reduce the academic burden should be taken.

Autogenous odontogenic materials are a new, highly biocompatible option for jaw restoration. The inorganic component of autogenous teeth acts as a scaffold to maintain the volume and enable donor cell attachment and proliferation; the organic component contains various growth factors that promote bone reconstruction and repair. The composition of dentin is similar to that of bone, which can be a rationale for promoting bone reconstruction. Recent advances have been made in the field of autogenous odontogenic materials, and studies have confirmed their safety and feasibility after successful clinical application. Autogenous odontogenic materials have unique characteristics compared with other bone-repair materials, such as the conventional autogenous, allogeneic, xenogeneic, and alloplastic bone substitutes. To encourage further research into odontogenic bone grafts, we compared the composition, osteogenesis, and development of autogenous odontogenic materials with those of other bone grafts. In conclusion, odontogenic bone grafts should be classified as a novel bone substitute.

With the rapid development of information technology, artificial intelligence technology (AI) and how to use it have become the focus of current researches. The application of AI in the field of TCM has shown its uniqueness. The combination of artificial intelligence technology and traditional Chinese medicine provides a new direction and idea for the development of TCM. This paper analyzes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of TCM development against the background of AI technology in China by SWOT analysis method. Based on these analyses, this paper puts forward some counter measures such as protecting personal information, avoiding negative effects and medical regulations etc. In order to facilitate and guarantee the development of TCM, we should take advantage of the AI, and avoid its disadvantages.

The segmentation of organs at risk is an important part of radiotherapy. The current method of manual segmentation depends on the knowledge and experience of physicians, which is very time-consuming and difficult to ensure the accuracy, consistency and repeatability. Therefore, a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) is proposed for the automatic and accurate segmentation of head and neck organs at risk. The data of 496 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were reviewed. Among them, 376 cases were randomly selected for training set, 60 cases for validation set and 60 cases for test set. Using the three-dimensional (3D) U-NET DCNN, combined with two loss functions of Dice Loss and Generalized Dice Loss, the automatic segmentation neural network model for the head and neck organs at risk was trained. The evaluation parameters are Dice similarity coefficient and Jaccard distance. The average Dice Similarity coefficient of the 19 organs at risk was 0.91, and the Jaccard distance was 0.15. The results demonstrate that 3D U-NET DCNN combined with Dice Loss function can be better applied to automatic segmentation of head and neck organs at risk.

Objective To investigate the correlation between de nove anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) and adverse events after renal transplantation and the effect of transplanted renal function within six months after operation.Methods The expression of AECA in serum of 85 renal transplant recipients was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ⅡF) before and 1 day,3 days,7 days,15 days and 1 month after renal transplantation.The patients were divided into double positive group (AECA positive before and after surgery),single positive group (postoperative de nove AECA positive) and negative group (preoperative and postoperative AECA negative) according to AECA test results.The occurrence of adverse events in each group such as DGF,rejection,infection and so on,as well as the serum creatinine levels were recorded at each time point within six months.Results Of the 85 recipients,29 were positive for AECA,including 19 in the double positive group,10 in the single positive group,and 56 in the negative group.The incidence of rejection in single positive group (30％) was higher than that in the rest two groups (5.3％ for double positive group,and 17.9％ for negative group),but there was no statistically significant difference (P =0.21).The incidence of DGF in the single positive group,double positive group and negative group was 70.0％,26.3 ％ and 32.1 ％ respectively.The positive rate of the single positive group was significantly higher than that of the rest two groups (P =0.04),and the duration of DGF was significantly longer in the single positive group than that of the rest two groups (P＜0.01).The incidence of infection in the single positive group,double positive group and negative group was 20.0％,21.1％ and 8.9％respectively,and there was no significant difference among the three groups (P =0.31).As compared with the double positive group and the negative group,the serum creatinine level was significantly increased in the single positive group at 1st week,1st month,3rd month and 6th month after operation (P =0.02,P =0.04,P =0.04 and P =0.02 respectively).Conclusion Postoperative AECA can increase the risk of DGF,prolong the duration of DGF,and affect the recovery of renal function within 6 months after renal transplantation.

Objective To investigate the effect of recipient's pre-transplant triglyceride (TG) abnormalities on early graft function (EGF) after kidney transplantation.Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,154 identified living-kidney transplant recipients in the 309 Hospital of Chinese PLA from Jan.2011 to Dec.2014 were enrolled in present study,including 124 males and 30 females,and aged of 31.9 ± 8.4 years.The cohort was divided into two groups:TG normal group (0.40＜TG≤1.70mmol/L,n=107) and TG abnormalities group (TG＞l.70mmol/L or require lipid lowering therapy,n=47).The incidences of poor early graft renal function (PEGF),slow graft function (SGF) and delayed graft function (DGF) were compared between the two groups,and then the serum creatinine (Scr) levels were compared among the patients showing immediate graft function (IGF) at 3rd,7th and 30th day after transplantation.The ROC curve was drawn up taking TG as diagnosis index to explore the optimal cut-offvalue for predicting PEGF,SGF and DGF after transplantation.Results Compared with the TG normal group,the TG abnormalities group showed significantly higher incidence of PEGF and DGF (P＜0.05).Among the IGF patients,the TG abnormalities group showed higher Scr level at the 7th and 30th day after transplantation (P＜0.05).The area under ROC curve (AUC) reflected TG levels for PEGF,SGF and DGF were 0.774,0.704 and 0.818,respectively (P＜0.05).The optimal cut-offvalues were all 1.37mmol/L.Conclusions Recipients with abnormal pre-transplant TG level may have worse EGF after renal transplantation.The risk of developing PEGF,S GF and D GF tends to emerge when pre-transplant TG level is higher than 1.37mmol/L.