The therapeutic effect is not ideal for patients with colorectal cancer that has already metastasized.In recent years,it has been found that extracellular vesicles play an important role in various aspects of cancer cells,and their impact on the invasion and metastasis process of colorectal cancer has gradually been revealed.This review reviews and analyzes the role of extracellular vesicles in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer,and briefly introduces the role of some extracellular vesicles in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Drug-induced Parkinsonism (DIP) is a common complication of antipsychotic drugs, calcium channel antagonists, gastrointestinal prokinetic drugs, and antiepileptic drugs and the most common secondary Parkinsonism in the elderly. DIP caused by various drugs is not uncommon in clinic. However, it is easy to omit diagnosis and treatment. Withdrawal of offending drugs is the main treatment and lower risk drugs should be switched if the drug in use cannot be discontinued. The advances in definition, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of DIP are reviewed in this paper, in order to improve cognition for this curable iatrogenic disease in clinical practice.

Objective:To summarize the ultrasound manifestations of lung lesions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and explore the clinical value of ultrasonography in assessing the severity of the disease.Methods:Thirty-one patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 18 to February 5, 2020, were selected as the research subjects. All of them underwent dynamic lung ultrasound. Their lung lesions were observed, and the lung ultrasound score (LUS) was performed, respectively. The correlations between the LUS and the disease classification, the LUS and the blood oxygenation index (PaO 2/FiO 2) were analyzed, respectively. The relationship between the corresponding change of clinical classification and the LUS score when it progressed to moderate/severe was analyzed as well. Results:Among the 31 patients with COVID-19, two (6.5%) had no apparent lesions at the ultrasound, with the LUS score of 0. Twenty-nine (93.5%) showed abnormities at the ultrasound, with the LUS score from 1-26, and the main manifestations were B-line signs. Among them 6 (19.4%) had the "white lung signs" , and 13 (41.9%) had pulmonary consolidations. The LUS score was positively correlated with the clinical classification ( r s=0.683 2, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with PaO 2/FiO 2 ( r=-0.864 3, P<0.001). In the initial and dynamic ultrasonography, 13 patients were graded as moderate/severe according to their LUS scores, and the accuracy of the LUS in assessing severe/critical patients was 81.3% (13/16). It was 1-3 days earlier for the LUS progressing to moderate/severe than clinical classification. Conclusions:Pulmonary ultrasound manifestations of patients with COVID-19 have specific characteristics mainly showing as lung interstitial lesions, which can be combined with pulmonary consolidation. Ultrasound can be used in the assessment of the severity of COVID-19 noninvasively and guide clinical treatment.

Objective:To investigate the impact of artificial intelligence imaging optimization technique on the image quality and radiation dose of low-dose chest CT scan.Methods:Eighty patients who underwent chest CT examination in the Jilin University 1st hospital from July to August, 2019 were randomly divided into two groups(A, B), with 40 patients in each. The voltage of group A was 100 kV, while the other was 120 kV. According to different reconstruction method , group A was divided into two subgroups, group A1 and group A2. The images of A1 were reconstructed by iterative algorithm (ClearView 50%), while A2 images were optimized A1 by NeuAI imaging optimization technique. Group B used iterative algorithm (ClearView 50%) to reconstruct the image. The CT dose index (CTDI vol), dose-length product (DLP) and effective radiation dose ( E) of group A and group B were recorded and compared.Objective the evaluation indicators were CT noise (SD), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and comparative noise ratio (CNR) of ROI. Subjective evaluation was done by 2 chief radiologists using double-blind method and image quality was graded by 5-point Likert scale. Results:The patient characteristics between group A and group B showed no significant differences( P>0.05). Compared with group B, the effective radiation dose in group A was reduced by 72.1% [(1.48±0.49) mSv vs. (5.30±1.40) mSv]. The SD in group A1 was higher than that in group B, while SNR and CNR were lower ( ZSD=-4.24, ZSNR=-2.54, tCNR=-2.27, P<0.05). The SD in group A2 was significantly lower than that in group B ( ZSD=-28.24, P<0.001), and SNR and CNR were significantly higher than that in group B ( tSNR=-26.04, tCNR=-36.88, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in subjective scores of image noise between group A2 and group B, while subjective scores of lung structure in group B were better than those in group A2( χ2=4.96、7.04, P<0.05). Conclusions:Although the radiation dose was reduced by 72.1%, the low-dose chest CT images optimized by AI could reach the image quality level of standard dose.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of micropulse laser trabeculoplasty (MLT) for open angle glaucoma ( OAG) patients and ocular hypertension ( OHT) patients. Methods A prospective self-controlled study was designed. Fifty-six eyes of 56 OAG and OHT patients in Peking University Third Hospital were recruited from June 2016 to June 2017,including 32 males and 24 females with the age of (50. 4±19. 0) years old. The diagnosis included 48 eyes of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG),3 eyes of normal tension glaucoma and 5 eyes of OHT. The best corrected vision acuity ( BCVA) was 0. 7 ±0. 3 before treatment. The intraocular pressure (IOP) before MLT was (20.4±5.8) mmHg,the average types of antiglaucoma medications was 1.7,including systemic medication and local drug use. The general information, BCVA, IOP and antiglaucoma medication were recorded. Only one eye of each patient was treated by MLT. The IOP at different follow-up time points (2 hours, 1 day,1 week, 1 month, 3 months post-treatment) and the number of antiglaucoma medication before and after treatment were compared. This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Peking University Third Hospital (No. 2014166). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to any medical examination. Results The IOP after MLT was (20. 2±6. 7),(17. 6±4. 4),(18. 1±4. 5),(17. 4±3. 4) and (17. 0±2. 1)mmHg at 2 hours, 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months,respectively,with significant difference among the different time points ( F=7. 320,P<0. 001). Compared with the IOP before treatment,the IOP at 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months after treatment were significantly decerased,with significant differences between them (all at P<0. 05). Three months after treatment,the average number of glaucoma medications used was 1. 5, and only local administration was used. Infection,hyphema,cornea injury,burns and other complications were not seen in all the patients. Conclusions MLT is effective and safety for OAG and OHT patients,and reduce the use of glaucoma drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy of Ginseng polysaccharideinjection combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy in the treatment of malignancies,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Re-trieved from CNKI,CBM,VIP,Wanfang Database PubMed,EMBase,Web of Science,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about Ginseng polysaccharideinjection combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy(test group)versus radiotherapy or chemothera-py alone(control group) in the treatment of malignancies were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan5.3 soft-ware after data extract and quality evaluation by Cochrane 5.1.0. RESULTS:Totally 7 RCTs were enrolled,involving 567 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,the effective rate [OR=1.99,95%CI(1.27,3.14),P=0.003] and improvement rate of life quality [OR=2.95,95%CI(1.75,4.97),P<0.001] in test group were significantly higher than control group,cell abnormal rate [OR=0.26,95%CI(0.16,0.41),P<0.001] was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant. There were no obvi-ous adverse reaction in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Ginseng polysaccharideinjection combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy is effective in the treatment of malignancies.

Objective To investigate job burnout and related influencing factors in community medical staff in Nanchong,China.Methods From June to July,2015,cluster random sampling was performed to select 181 medical staff members in Nanchong Community Health Service Center as study subjects.The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI) was used to measure the level of job burnout.Results The overall detection rate of job burnout in community medical staff in Nanchong was 95.0％,and among these staff members with job burnout,119(65.7％) had mild job burnout,44(24.3％) had moderate job burnout,and 9(5.0％) had severe job burnout.There were significant differences in the scores of emotional exhaustion and reduced sense of personal accomplishmentbetween the medical staff members with different ages (F=5.820 and 3.180,both P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in the score of emotional exhaustion between the medical staff members with different working years(F=2.909,P＜0.05).There was also a significant difference in the score of reduced sense of personal accomplishment between the medical staff members with different types of work (F=5.797,P＜0.05),and the nurses had the lowest score.Conclusion The medical staff members in Nanchong have a high incidence rate of job burnout,with the feature of reduced sense of personal accomplishment.An old age,long working years,and nursing occupation are major risk factors for job burnout.

Objective To investigate job burnout and related influencing factors in community medical staff in Nanchong,China.Methods From June to July,2015,cluster random sampling was performed to select 181 medical staff members in Nanchong Community Health Service Center as study subjects.The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI) was used to measure the level of job burnout.Results The overall detection rate of job burnout in community medical staff in Nanchong was 95.0％,and among these staff members with job burnout,119(65.7％) had mild job burnout,44(24.3％) had moderate job burnout,and 9(5.0％) had severe job burnout.There were significant differences in the scores of emotional exhaustion and reduced sense of personal accomplishmentbetween the medical staff members with different ages (F=5.820 and 3.180,both P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in the score of emotional exhaustion between the medical staff members with different working years(F=2.909,P＜0.05).There was also a significant difference in the score of reduced sense of personal accomplishment between the medical staff members with different types of work (F=5.797,P＜0.05),and the nurses had the lowest score.Conclusion The medical staff members in Nanchong have a high incidence rate of job burnout,with the feature of reduced sense of personal accomplishment.An old age,long working years,and nursing occupation are major risk factors for job burnout.

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of three different transfection reagents (Lipofectamine™ LTX & PLUS™, Lipofectamine 2000 and Nano-PAMAM-D) and three different testicular injection methods (rete testicular injection, seminiferous tubules injection and testicular interstitial injection) on the efficiency of production transgenic mice. After the mixtures of plasmid DNA (pEFP-C1) and transfection reagent were injected with different testicular injection methods, the sperm density, vitality, positive sperm rates and PCR positive transgenic mice rate were examined 30 days after injection. The results showed that the damage degree from slight to serious of three transfection reagents was Lipofectamine™ LTX & PLUS™, Lipofectamine 2000, and PAMAM-D. The sperm positive rates with green fluorescence of these three groups were 35.65%±0.69%, 12.86%±0.35% and 10.04%±0.20%, respectively. The PCR positive rates of transgenic newborn mice were 29.17%, 13.70% and 5.88%, respectively. Among the groups of different testicular injection methods, the damage degree from slight to serious was rete testicular injection, seminiferous tubules injection, and testicular interstitial injection, whereas the sperm positive rates with green fluorescence were 35.13%, 15.13%, and 0%, respectively. The PCR positive rates of transgenic newborn mice among different testicular injection groups were 33.3%, 12.5%, and 0.0%. The combination of rete testicular injection and Lipofectamine™ LTX & PLUS™ had the lowest toxicity and highest transgenic efficiency in the production of transgenic mice.
Animals ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; chemistry ; Injections ; methods ; Lipids ; chemistry ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatozoa ; Testis ; Transfection

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene polymorphism and coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Several databases were used to retrieve relevant literature up to March 2013 by keywords. A Meta-analysis was performed by Stata12.0 software to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity among studies was tested and sensitivity analysis was applied. Publication bias was examined using Begg's funnel plot and Egger's linear regression test. RESULTS: A total of 17 studies were included in this Meta-analysis. For MPO -463 G/A polymorphism, the pooled OR of A allele vs G allele was 0.58 [95% CI (0.47-0.72)] and the pooled OR of genotypes AA+AG vs GG was 0.58 [95% CI (0.46-0.72)]. In subgroup analysis of study population, AA and AG genotypes were significantly associated with CAD in Asians but not in Europeans. The MPO -463 G/A polymorphism in the stable angina pectoris subgroup was evaluated in 3 studies and the pooled OR of A allele vs G allele and genotypes AA+AG vs GG for proven CAD was 0.45 [95% CI (0.15-1.37)] and 0.57 [95% CI (0.19- 1.65)]. For MPO -129 A/G gene polymorphism, the pooled OR of genotype GG vs AA+AG was 0.91 [95% CI (0.74-1.10)]. CONCLUSION A allele of MPO -463 G/A gene is associated with decreased risk of CAD except in the Europeans. There is no association between MPO -129 A/G gene polymorphisms and CAD risk.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Coronary Artery Disease ; genetics ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Peroxidase ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide