Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the success factors for the development of health community organizing in regard to its perspective in: 148 village, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews from February 2020 to December 2021. Seven operators who had worked for the project were enrolled in this study. Results: In this study, the success factors for the development of health community organizing were analyzed as follows; building community relationships across generations; starting from interests of the community; belief that working together can solve the issues; external support based on spontaneity of community; project based on publicness; discovering community-based leadership. Conclusions This study suggested that health community organizing following the principle of community organizing can sustain and develop itself without external support. In order to develop into resident-oriented health community organizing, it is necessary to reflect the success factors derived from this study.

Background: Understanding the age-related morphological changes of facial soft tissue is fundamental in achieving improved outcomes of rejuvenating procedures. Three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry is a reliable and convenient anthropometric tool to assess facial soft tissue. Objective: The aim of this study was to establish age-related facial soft tissue morphology in Korean adult females using non-invasive 3D photogrammetry. Methods: One hundred and ninety-two female participants were divided into three groups based on age: the younger group (aged 20∼39 years), middle group (40∼59 years), and older group (60∼79 years). Thirty-six landmarks were identified via 3D photogrammetric scanning (Morpheus 3D, Morpheus Co., Ltd., Seongnam, Korea). Fortyone facial dimensions were analyzed using the imaging software to find significance between the age groups. Results: Smaller upper-facial volume (p=0.019) and shorter upperfacial height (p=0.034) were observed in the older group than in the younger group. In the mid-face, narrowed palpebral fissure (p＜0.001) with elongated upper eyelid height (p＜0.001) and widened nose (p＜0.001) were observed in the older group compared with the younger group. Longer lower-facial height (p＜0.001) with longer and wider philtrum (p＜0.001, p=0.004, respectively), shorter lower vermilion height (p＜0.001), wider mouth width (p＜0.001), and smaller lower vermilion angle (p＜0.001) were seen in the older group when compared with the younger group. Moreover, greater angles of nasofrontal, nasomental, and labiomental angle (p=0.015, p=0.015, p=0.080, respectively), and smaller nasofacial angle (p=0.034) were observed in the older group than in the younger group. Conclusion Our results provide clues of aging-related facial morphological characteristics in Korean female population.

One-step apexification using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been reported as an alternative treatment modality with more benefits than the use of long-term calcium hydroxide for teeth with open apex. However, orthograde placement of MTA is a challenging procedure in terms of length control. This case series describes the sequence of events following apical extrusion of MTA into the periapical area during a one-step apexification procedure for maxillary central incisor with an infected immature apex. Detailed long-term observation revealed complete resolution of the periapical radiolucent lesion around the extruded MTA. These cases revealed that direct contact with MTA had no negative effects on healing of the periapical tissues. However, intentional MTA overfilling into the periapical lesion is not to be recommended.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aluminum Compounds ; adverse effects ; Apexification ; methods ; Calcium Compounds ; adverse effects ; Dental Fistula ; therapy ; Dental Pulp Necrosis ; therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foreign Bodies ; etiology ; Gutta-Percha ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Incisor ; pathology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Oxides ; adverse effects ; Periapical Abscess ; therapy ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; adverse effects ; Root Canal Obturation ; adverse effects ; Root Canal Preparation ; methods ; Silicates ; adverse effects ; Tooth Apex ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing ; physiology

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT, Osler-Weber-Rendu disease) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by heterogenous multisystemic dysplasia of the vascular tissue. Prevalence of HHT is 1 in 5,000~8,000. HHT commonly presents with recurrent epistaxis, but may have more serious consequences if visceral vascular beds are involved. Approximately 30~50% of HHT cases also present with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). Spontaneous hemothorax is less common, and PAVM is one of the causes leading to hemothorax. Our case involved an 18-year-old female who had suddenly developed right chest pain. The reason for chest pain was due to right spontaneous hemothorax accompanied by PAVM in the right middle lobe. The patient was additionally diagnosed with HHT upon examination of her family history, specifically through her mother's symptom that included recurrent epistaxis and mucosal telangiectasia.
Adolescent ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Chest Pain ; Epistaxis ; Female ; Hemothorax ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic ; Telangiectasis

High-dose-rate endobronchial brachytherapy (HDREB) have been used as the treatment of early endobronchial cancer, as well as for palliation of advanced cancer. However, fatal hemoptysis can occur after HDREB at the rate of 7~32%. We report a case of massive hemoptysis due to radiation bronchitis developed after HDREB. A 67-year-old man was treated with HDREB for early endobronchial cancer on the left upper lobe bronchus. He complained of persistent cough from 4 weeks after completion of HDREB. Radiation bronchitis was observed on the bronchoscopy at 34 weeks, and it was progressed from mucosal swelling and exudate formation to necrosis and ulceration without local relapse. In addition, he died of massive hemoptysis after 15 months. The patient had no sign or radiologic evidences to predict the hemoptysis. This case implies that HDREB directly contributes to an occurrence of a fatal hemoptysis, and follow-up bronchoscopy is important to predict a progression of radiation bronchitis and fatal hemoptysis.
Brachytherapy ; Bronchi ; Bronchitis ; Bronchoscopy ; Cough ; Exudates and Transudates ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Recurrence ; Ulcer

We report on a case of a patient with laryngo-tracheobronchial amyloidosis who complained of cough, sputum, and hoarseness. A chest X-ray showed consolidation in the right middle lobe. A chest CT scan showed diffuse, irregular narrowing of the tracheobronchial tree and atelectasis of the right middle lobe, with calcification of bronchial wall. Bronchoscopic findings were multinodular submucosal thickening of the right vocal cord, and yellowish multinodular submucosal thickening from the lower trachea through both main bronchi, as well as the lingular division of the left upper lobe, the right middle lobe, and the right lower lobe. The right middle lobe bronchus was nearly obstructed. The diagnosis of amyloidosis was made by multiple bronchoscopic biopsies on the right vocal cord and both bronchi. Pathologic findings were characteristic apple-green birefringence under polarized microscopy with Congo-red stain. The patient had no evidence of systemic amyloidosis. The patient is under conservative symptomatic treatment.
Amyloidosis ; Biopsy ; Birefringence ; Bronchi ; Cough ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Microscopy ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Trachea ; Vocal Cords

BACKGROUND: Malignancies are a common and important causes of exudative pleural effusions. Several tumor markers have been studied because the pleural fluid cytology and pleural biopsy specimens do not provide a diagnosis in a high percentage of malignant effusions. In an attempt to overcome this limitation, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in pleural effusions and serum, which are known to be inflammation markers, were measured to determine if they can differentiate an exudate from trasndate as well as the diverse causes of exudative pleural effusion. METHODS: 178 consecutive patients with pleural effusion (malignant 57, tuberculous 51, parapneumonic 31, empyema 5, miscellaneous benign 7, transudative 27)were studied prospectively. The standard parameters of pleural effusion and measured serum and pleural procalcitonin were examined using in immunoluminometric assay. The level of CRP in serum and pleural fluid was determined by turbidimetric immunoassay. RESULTS: The pleural procalcitonin levels in the exudate were significantly higher than those in the transudate, 0.81+/-3.09 ng/mL and 0.12+/-0.12 ng/mL, respectively (p=0.007). The pleural CRP levels were significantly higher in the exudate than the transudate, 2.83+/-3.31 mg/dL and 0.74+/-0.67 mg/dL, respectively (p<0.001). The pleural procalcitonin levels in the benign effusion were significantly higher than those in the malignant effusion, 1.15+/-3.82 ng/mL and 0.25+/-0.92 ng/mL, respectively (p=0.032). The pleural CRP levels were significantly higher in the benign effusion than in the malignant effusion, 3.68+/-3.78 mg/dL and 1.42+/-1.54 mg/dL, respectively (p<0.001). The pleural procalcitonin levels in the non-tuberculous effusion were significantly higher than those in the tuberculous effusion, 1.16+/-3.75 ng/mL and 0.13+/-0.37 ng/mL, respectively (p=0.008). CONCLUSION: Measuring the level of procalcitonin and CRP in the pleural fluid is helpful for differentiating between transudates and exudates. In addition, it is useful for differentiating between benign and malignant pleural effusions.
Biopsy ; C-Reactive Protein* ; Diagnosis ; Empyema ; Exudates and Transudates ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Inflammation ; Pleural Effusion* ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; Prospective Studies ; Biomarkers, Tumor

The caterpillar-shaped Chinese medicinal mushroom (DongChongXiaCao) looks like a worm in the winter and like a grass in the summer. The fruiting body has been regarded as popular folk or effective medicines used to treat human diseases such as asthma, bronchial and lung inflammation, and kidney disease. The fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces tenuipes that formed on the living silkworm (Bombyx mori) host were used in this examination. This study was carried out to investigate the proximate composition, soluble sugar, amino acid and fatty acid profiles, and contents of the bioactive ingredient including adenosine and D-mannitol in the fruiting-bodies. The moisture content was 57.56%. Soluble sugars found were glycerol, glucose, mannitol and sucrose, and the contents exceeded 24 mgg-1dry weight. Total free amino acid content was 17.09 mg g(-1)dry weight. Arginine, glycine, proline and tyrosine were main amino acids. The content of oleic acid in fatty acids was high. Adenosine was more abundant in fruiting bodies than corpus.
Adenosine ; Agaricales ; Amino Acids ; Arginine ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Asthma ; Bombyx ; Carbohydrates ; Fatty Acids ; Fruit ; Glucose ; Glycerol ; Glycine ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; Mannitol ; Oleic Acid ; Paecilomyces* ; Pneumonia ; Poaceae ; Proline ; Sucrose ; Tyrosine

OBJECTIVE: To provide more useful guidelines for methotrexate (MTX) treatment in ectopic pregnancy, including patient selection, therapeutic dose, and reproductive outcome. METHODS: Retrospectively, records of 54 patients treated for ectopic pregnancy with systemic MTX were reviewed. MTX was administered 1.0 mg/kg intramuscularly, alternatively with leucovorin 0.1 mg/kg intramuscularly for up to four daily doses of each drug. Samples for beta-hCG detection were obtained on days +3, +7 after beginning of the therapy and then weekly until values were undetectable. RESULTS: 50 patients (92.6%) were treated successfully. 4 patients (7.4%) for whom MTX therapy failed, were treated surgically. The endometrial thickness significantly increased in the failed group, compared to the successful group (14.3+/-4.0 mm vs 7.0+/-2.8 mm, P=0.0001). The serum hemoglobin levels significantly changed in the failed group, compared to the successful group (2.1+/-0.9 g/dL vs 1.0+/-0.8 g/dL, P=0.044). Patients were divided into increasing group and decreasing group according to beta-hCG levels on day 0, that were higher or lower than day -2 level. The resolution time of beta-hCG between increasing group and decreasing group was significantly different (27.6+/-14.0 days vs 17.7+/-8.6 days, p=0.016). In 8 patients (15.1%), an immediate rise of beta-hCG was recorded on day 3 after MTX treatment, but on day 7, a rapid decrease was recorded. Women were treated with significantly different therapeutic dose of MTX according to initial level of serum beta-hCG (p=0.021). There were mild complications (12%). MTX treatment preserved the fallopian tube and thus preserved fertility (70%). CONCLUSION: Systemic MTX use with the dose according to initial level of serum beta-hCG is a safe and highly effective treatment in clinically stable ectopic pregnancy.
Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; Methotrexate* ; Patient Selection ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Retrospective Studies

For comparison of mycelial colonization of Phellinus linteus on logs, several techniques of inoculation were tested; sterilized short log inoculation, drilling inoculation and log-end sandwich inoculation. The mycelial colonization of P. linteus on logs was good in the treatment of sterilized short log inoculation, but poor in the traditional methods such as drilling inoculation and log-end sandwich inoculation. The initial mycelial growth and the full mycelial colonization of P. linteus in logs were the best in case of 20 cm logs under the condition of 42% moisture content. Also, the initial mycelial growth of P. linteus was accelerated over 12 hours of sterilization. Burying method of logs after 5~6 months of incubation was the best for formation of basidiocarps of P. linteus. The formation of fruiting body of P. linteus was quite good in the cultivation house at 31~35degrees C and over 96% of relative humidity.
Agaricales* ; Colon ; Cultural Characteristics* ; Fruit ; Fruiting Bodies, Fungal ; Humidity ; Sterilization