Objective:To examine the impact of sleep quality on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and explore the potential mediating role of depression.Methods:Using a cross-sectional design, we conducted an on-site questionnaire survey among 310 elderly individuals with MCI in Haishu District, Ningbo City from April to June 2021.Out of the 310 questionnaires collected, 299 were deemed valid.The survey encompassed gathering basic demographic information of the participants, as well as administering the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale.Results:The cognitive functions of patients with MCI were found to be positively related to their education level( F=3.89, P<0.05).The correlation analysis indicated that sleep quality was positively correlated with depression( r=0.40, P<0.01)and negatively correlated with cognitive function( r=-0.22, P<0.01).Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was observed between depression and cognitive function( r=-0.20, P<0.01).The mediation analysis revealed that depression played a role in mediating the influence of sleep quality on cognitive function, with a mediation effect of -0.02(95% CI: -0.03--0.01). Conclusions:The cognitive function of elderly individuals with MCI can be significantly affected by sleep quality, with depression playing a mediating role.

Objective:To explore the establishment and application of ovarian cancer organoids.Methods:Fresh ovarian tumor tissues, obtaining from patients underwent surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between October 2021 and March 2022, were collected, enzymatic degraded, digested, and embedded into matrigel to establish organoids. A total of 32 ovarian cancer samples were collected. Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence (IF) procedure were used to verify the morphological structure of organoids and their expression of molecular markers. 3D cyto-live or dead assay was used to detecte the live or dead cells in organoids. Carboplatin with a concentration ranging from 5 to 80 μmol/L (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol/L) was added to organoids to calculate the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50) in different organoids. Results:(1) Organoids from a total of 32 patients were established, of which 18 cases could be passaged stably in the long term in vitro, while 14 could be passaged in the short time. The average amplification time of long-term passage in vitro was over 3 months, and the longest reached 9 months. (2) In HE staining, significant nuclei atypia and local micropapillary structures were observed in organoids. IF staining revealed that ovarian cancer organoids expressed molecular markers similar to primary tumor tissues, such as Pan cytokeratin (Pan-CK), p53, paired box gene 8 (PAX8), and Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1). (3) In 3D cyto-live or dead assay, a large number of apoptotic cells were observed inside and around the organoids after added carboplatin. The sensitivity to carboplatin varied in 18 organoids could amplify in the long term, with an average IC 50 of (29.5±15.8) μmol/L. Moreover, IC 50 values of 4 organoids derived from patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were much higher than the 14 organoids which did not received neoadjuvant chemotherapy [(48.7±11.3) μmol/L vs (24.0±12.1) μmol/L; t=3.429, P=0.022]. Conclusions:Organoids recapitulate ovarian cancers in vitro and could be stably passaged. Organoids derived from patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy have higher resistance to carboplatin.

ObjectiveTo investigate the measurement invariance and the score distribution characters of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire （PHQ-9）， and to test its feasibility in comparing depression among adolescents of different sexes and ages. MethodsFrom September 2018 to May 2019， 12 241 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years old across 22 primary and secondary schools in Hangzhou were included based on cluster sampling method， and they were investigated by PHQ-9. The measurement invariance was tested by multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Poisson regression analysis and Logistic regression analysis were adopted to explore the score distribution of PHQ-9 by sex and age. ResultsThe configural， metric， scalar and strict invariances （χ²=2 492.527， df=79， P<0.01， RMSEA=0.071， SRMR=0.031， CFI=0.942， TLI=0.947， ΔCFI=0.004， ΔTLI=0.002 compared with the scalar model） of PHQ-9 across sex were all acceptable， and the configural， metric and scalar invariances （χ²=3 311.991， df=414， P<0.01， RMSEA=0.076， SRMR=0.055， CFI=0.928， TLI=0.937， ΔCFI=0.010， ΔTLI=0.002 compared with the metric model） across age were acceptable. The detection rate of mild depressive symptoms in girls was higher than that in boys （52.99% vs. 46.65%， χ²=48.344， P<0.01）. The PHQ-9 total scores of girls aged 13 to 17 were higher than those of boys （D=0.092~0.144， P<0.01）. There was an interaction between sex and age （χ²=32.800， df=1， P<0.01， OR=0.895）. Except low self-evaluation and suicide or self-injury， the detection rate of assessed symptom on each item of girls was higher than that of boys （P<0.05）. ConclusionIt is discovered that PHQ-9 has measurement equivalence across sex and age in adolescents， and girls and older adolescents scored higher in PHQ-9.

Objective:To survey the awareness status of risk factors for gastric cancer and related factors among residents in Shijiazhuang city.Methods:From October to November 2020, residents aged>18 years were selected through convenience sampling from Xinhua District and Yuhua District in Shijiazhuang for a face-to-face questionnaire survey. The demographic characteristics and awareness levels of risk factors for gastric cancer among 1 490 subjects were analyzed. The multivariate linear regression model was applied to analyze the related factors.Results:There were 522 male participants (35.0%) and 968 female participants (65.0%). The mean knowledge score of risk factors of gastric carcinoma in the respondents was 5.0 (1.0, 11.0). There were 57.0% (849/1 490) of the participants who had a low knowledge level about risk factors of gastric cancer. The more highly recognized risk factors were irregular diet (47.4%, 706/1 490), consumption of pickled foods (45.2%, 674/1 490), consumption of smoked foods (45.0%, 671/1 490); the less-recognized risk factors included physical inactivity (14.8%, 221/1 490), male sex (17.3%, 258/1 490) and older age (19.5%, 291/1 490). Only 26.8% (400/1490) of the participants regarded H. pylori infection as a risk factor of gastric cancer. Univariate analysis showed that educational level ( Z=39.34), marital status ( Z=53.31), monthly income ( Z=11.82), family member or friend ever having stomach problem ( H=-2.98), and family history of gastric cancer ( H=-2.34) were significantly associated with the knowledge score of risk factors for gastric cancer ( P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that compared to participants with educational levels of primary school or below, those with educational level of junior high school ( β=0.27, P<0.001), high school ( β=0.23, P<0.001), or college ( β=0.16, P<0.001) had a higher levels of knowledge of risk factors for gastric cancer; compared to unmarried participants, awareness of risk factors was significantly better in those who were married ( β=0.16, P<0.001), divorced ( β=0.05, P=0.039), or widowed ( β=0.06, P=0.027); compared to participants with monthly income<3 000 yuan, the subjects with monthly income from 5 000 to 10 000 yuan ( β=0.07, P=0.020) had a higher knowledge score; compared to participants with no family history of gastric cancer, subjects with family history had higher knowledge level of risk factors for gastric cancer ( β=0.06, P=0.029). Conclusion:The knowledge levels of risk factors for gastric cancer are generally low among residents in Shijiazhuang city. Educational initiatives are required to improve the awareness of risk factors for gastric cancer, and interventions need to be implemented concurrently to change unhealthy behaviors among residents in Shijiazhuang city.

To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis for connective tissue disease (CTD) with cryptococcal meningitis (CM). 
 Methods: Clinical data of 18 patients with CTD complicated with cryptococcal meningitis diagnosed by Rheumatology and Immunology Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2000 to January 2017, were retrospectively analyzed.
 Results: The common symptoms of CTD patients with CM were headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Patients with severe clinical manifestations, such as convulsions and disturbance of consciousness, all died. Logistic regression analysis showed that disturbance of consciousness and decreased peripheral blood lymphocyte count might be the related factors of poor prognosis of CTD patients with CM (P<0.05). The mortality rate of CTD with CM was 61.11%, and the effective rate of treatment for this disease was 38.89%.
 Conclusion: CTD patients with cryptococcal meningitis have a high risk of death. Severe clinical symptoms, such as disturbance of consciousness and lower peripheral blood lymphocyte count, are associated with its poor prognosis.
Connective Tissue Diseases ; Fever ; Humans ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal ; Retrospective Studies ; Vomiting

Objective To investigate the feasibility of animal model of the reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract in rats. Methods A total of 15 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction surgery. Before the operation, the collagen scaffolds were treated with g 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride chemistry (EDC), and seeded with human bone marrow stem cells (h-MSCs). Three days after the surgery, 3 rats were randomly sacrificed to evaluate the transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract. One or 3 months later, other 3 rats at each timepoint were sacrificed, stained with Masson’s Trichrome to observe the degradation of scaffold. Furthermore, 4 weeks after the surgery, 4 rats were sacrificed and the hearts were sliced. Anti-human mitochondria staining was used to identify the survival of seeding cells. Results The transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract was feasible in rats at an acceptable mortality (13.3%). After EDC treatment, the degradation rate of collagen scaffold was extended greatly. The seeding cells were detected by anti-mitochandria immunofluorescent staining in all patches 4 weeks after the operation. Conclusion Rat model of right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction could be a stable, reliable and economical screening model for engineered heart tissue research.

With the development of molecular and cellar cardiology, gene therapy to cardiovascular disease has become the hot spot and the direction of study. Now, preclinical studies on ultrasound-mediated gene delivery (UMGD) in cardiovascular disease have achieved some success, but it is still hindered by a series of practical challenges for clinical translation. Even so, UMGD still holds the promise to cardiovascular disease in gene therapy for its non-invasiveness, accuracy, safety and ability to deliver multiple genes with repeated deliveries. In this review, we will focus on the basic principle, the current development, the future prospect and drawbacks of UMGD in the therapeutic applications of cardiovascular disease.

AIM: To investigate the effects of fibroblast growth factor 10 ( FGF10 ) on lipopolysaccharide ( LPS)-induced microglial activation .METHODS:Mouse BV2 microglial cells were maintained in DMEM in a humidified incubator with 95%/5%( V/V) mixture of air and CO 2 at 37℃.The medium was changed every 1 or 2 d.The cells were digested and passaged every 4 or 5 d.The BV2 microglial cells were first pretreated with FGF 10 (1 mg/L) for 30 min and then stimulated with LPS (500 μg/L).The medium and the cells were collected at different time points .The morphologi-cal changes of microglia were visualized under microscope .To evaluate the microglial activation , the transcription and pro-duction of proinflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) were examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.RESULTS:The morphology of control BV2 microglia showed circular or oval shape .After exposure to LPS for 24 h, the microglia revealed spindle shaped or multipolar morphology , and the percentage of activated cells was significantly increased compared with control group.Pretreatment with FGF10 successfully inhibited the morphological change from normal to activated shape .LPS sti-mulation for 6 h significantly increased the transcription of TNF-α, while FGF10 pretreatment remarkably reversed the effect.In addition, the production of TNF-αincreased in the presence of LPS stimulation for 24 h compared with control group.Pretreatment with FGF10 suppressed LPS-induced TNF-αexpression.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with FGF10 inhibits the morphological change from normal to activated shape , and remarkably suppressed the transcription and produc-tion of TNF-α.FGF10 successfully suppresses LPS-induced BV2 microglial activation , indicating that FGF10 is a therapeu-tic agent for the treatment of glia-mediated neuroinflammatory diseases .

Objective To explore the effects of telmisartan on expression of peroxisome proliferators PPARs activated receptors and adiponectin receptor 2 in rats with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).Methods Forty male SD rats were randomized into normal-diet control group (NC,n=15),high fat-diet control group (FC,n=15),and high fat-diet with telmisartan group (FT,n =10).NC group was given standard diet and the other two groups were given high-fat diet.At the end of the 12th week,5 rats which were randomly selected from both the NC and FC groups were given euglycermic hyperinsulinemia clamp to see if fat-liver model of rats with insulin resistance was successfully induced,and rat livers were removed for pathological examination to determine the extents of NASH.Afterwards,rats in the FT group was given telmisartan (5 mg/kg·d) while rats in both the NC and FC groups were given the same volume of 0.9% saline solution by intragastric gavage for another 4 weeks.After glucose infusion rates (GIRs) were obtained by the euglycermic hyperinsulinemia clamp technique at the end of the 16th week,all rats were sacrificed and the body weight was recorded,and serum lipids,aminotransferases and fasting blood glucose were measured.The mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs),adiponectin receptor-2 and angiotensin II type-1 receptor in the liver tissue were assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions.Results The expressions of PPARα,PPARγ and AdipoR2 mRNA in the liver tissue of FC group were decreased significantly compared with the NC group (P<0.01),and the expression of AT1R mRNA of the liver tissue in FC group was increased significantly compared with NC group (P<0.01).Compared with the FC group,the expressions of PPARα,PPARγ and AdipoR2 mRNA in the FT group were increased (P<0.01).Serum aminotransferases,lipids and fasting blood glucose level in the rats of FC group were increased significantly compared with rats of the NC group (P<0.01),and serum aminotransferases,lipids and fasting blood glucose level in the rats of FT group were greatly improved compared with the FC group.Conclusions Telmisartan can improve glucose and lipid metabolism,stop weight gain,decrease liver index,and alleviate steatosis and inflammation of NASH rats by improving insulin resistance.Telmisartan may play an effective role in the protection of rat liver with NASH.