Objective: To analyze and compare therapy responses, outcomes, and incidence of severe hematologic adverse events of flumatinib and imatinib in patients newly diagnosed with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) . Methods: Data of patients with chronic phase CML diagnosed between January 2006 and November 2022 from 76 centers, aged ≥18 years, and received initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China were retrospectively interrogated. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the bias of the initial TKI selection, and the therapy responses and outcomes of patients receiving initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy were compared. Results: A total of 4 833 adult patients with CML receiving initial imatinib (n=4 380) or flumatinib (n=453) therapy were included in the study. In the imatinib cohort, the median follow-up time was 54 [interquartile range (IQR), 31-85] months, and the 7-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.2%, 88.4%, 78.3%, and 63.0%, respectively. The 7-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 71.8%, 93.0%, and 96.9%, respectively. With the median follow-up of 18 (IQR, 13-25) months in the flumatinib cohort, the 2-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.4%, 86.5%, 58.4%, and 46.6%, respectively. The 2-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 80.1%, 95.0%, and 99.5%, respectively. The PSM analysis indicated that patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had significantly higher cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) and higher probabilities of FFS than those receiving the initial imatinib therapy (all P<0.001), whereas the PFS (P=0.230) and OS (P=0.268) were comparable between the two cohorts. The incidence of severe hematologic adverse events (grade≥Ⅲ) was comparable in the two cohorts. Conclusion: Patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had higher cumulative incidences of therapy responses and higher probability of FFS than those receiving initial imatinib therapy, whereas the incidence of severe hematologic adverse events was comparable between the two cohorts.
Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Imatinib Mesylate/adverse effects* ; Incidence ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Pyrimidines/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Benzamides/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/drug therapy* ; Aminopyridines/therapeutic use* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use*

OBJECTIVES: To develop the birth weight curve of twin neonates with a gestational age of 25-40 weeks, and to investigate the regional differences of the birth weight curve. METHODS: A total of 11 maternal and child health care hospitals with more than 7 000 neonates delivered annually were selected in 11 cities of China (Haikou, Guangzhou, Liuzhou, Guilin, Quanzhou, Shenzhen, Chongqing, Chengdu, Changsha, Ningbo, and Lianyungang), and all live twin neonates delivered in the 11 hospitals from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020 were enrolled for the development of birth weight curves. RESULTS: A total of 17 256 twin neonates with a gestational age of 25-40 weeks from the 11 cities were included in the study. The reference values of the 3rd-97th percentiles of birth weight of twin neonates for the total of the 11 cities and for each of the 11 cities in China were established, and the birth weight percentile curves were drawn. The birth weight curve level of twin neonates in Liuzhou was lower than the average level of the 11 cities; the birth weight curve level of twin neonates in Ningbo was higher than the average level of the 11 cities; the birth weight curve level of twin neonates in Lianyungang was obviously higher than the average level of the 11 cities; the birth weight curve level of twin neonates in other 8 cities was almost the same as the average level of the 11 cities. CONCLUSIONS The reference values of the 3rd-97th percentiles of birth weight of twin neonates for the total of the 11 cities and for each of the 11 cities are developed, which can be used as a reference for evaluating the intrauterine growth of twin neonates in the region. The level of intrauterine growth of twin neonates in some cities is different from the average level of the 11 cities of China.
Birth Weight ; Child ; China ; Cities ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Twins

OBJECTIVES: To develop the birth weight curves of the Chinese Han (26-41 weeks of gestation) and Zhuang (28-41 weeks of gestation) singleton neonates in 11 cities of China, as well as the birth weight means of full-term neonates of 14 Chinese ethnic groups. METHODS: The live singleton neonates who were born in 11 maternal and child health care hospitals from 11 cities of China between January 2017 and December 2020 were classified according to the mother's ethnic group. Birth weight means were calculated for the full-term neonates of each ethnic group. For the Han and Zhuang singleton neonates with a large sample size, the Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method was used to establish the birth weight percentile curves of the Han and Zhuang singleton neonates with different gestational ages. RESULTS: A total of 105 365 live singleton neonates were included, among whom the Han neonates had the highest number of 84 851 (26-41 weeks of gestation), followed by the Zhuang neonates (12 803 neonates with a gestational age of 28-41 weeks). The neonates of the other Chinese ethnic groups enrolled were live full-term singleton neonates, with a sample size of more than 100 neonates for each ethnic group. The 3rd-97th percentile curves of birth weight were established for the Han singleton neonates with a gestational age of 26-41 weeks and the Zhuang singleton neonates with a gestational age of 28-41 weeks. The birth weight curves of the Han singleton neonates at each gestational age were higher than those of the Zhuang singleton neonates. Birth weight means (3 199-3 499 g) and standard deviations were determined for 14 Chinese ethnic groups, i.e., Li, Mulao, Zhuang, Yao, Dong, Miao, Han, Buyi, Mongolian, Tujia, Yi, Hui, Man, and Korean ethnic groups. The Li ethnic group had the lowest birth weight, followed by the Mulao, Zhuang, Yao, Dong, Miao, Han, Buyi, Mongolian, Tujia, Yi, Hui, Man, and Korean ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS The 3rd-97th percentile curves of birth weight are developed for the Han (26-41 weeks of gestation) and Zhuang (28-41 weeks of gestation) singleton neonates in 11 cities of China, and birth weight means are determined for the full-term neonates of 14 Chinese ethnic groups in 11 cities of China, which provides a reference for evaluating the intrauterine growth of neonates in these ethnic groups.
Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Birth Weight ; Ethnicity ; Cities ; Gestational Age ; China

Granuloma, Plasma Cell/surgery* ; Humans ; Neoplasms

Asari Radix et Rhizoma （ARR） is a traditional Chinese medicine for relieving exterior syndrome， and its roots and stems contain rich chemical components， including volatile oils （terpenoids， aromatics and aliphatics）， lignans， flavonoids， etc. Clinically， it has been traditionally used for the treatment of diseases such as phlegm and cough， anemofrigid cold， rheumatic arthralgia due to its ability to spread cold. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that ARR played beneficial roles in analgesic， anti-inflammatory， antitussive， antiasthmatic， antiviral， antibacterial， sedative， antioxidative， and antidepressant responses， antihypertension， as well as tumor suppression. The current studies on the chemical composition of ARR mainly focused on volatile components， and little information is available for the occurrence and pharmacological effects of non-volatile components. In addition， there is a lack of clear classification of chemical components and the distribution of chemical components in medicinal parts and the origin of species. Therefore， in this study， the authors reviewed a large number of literature on the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of ARR， and hoping to provide a reference for further pharmacological research and the new drug development of ARR.

Consensus ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; Vocal Cord Paralysis/therapy* ; Vocal Cords

OBJECTIVE: To explore the predictive values of the combination of preoperative data, including medical history and physical examination, and results of sleep oximetry performed early after the surgery (one week) in predicting the treatment outcomes of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHODS: All the patients who were diagnosed with OSAHS, underwent UPPP treatment and had complete follow-up data in our institution between Jan 2013 and May 2016 were enrolled in our study. The pre-operative data of these patients, including age, physical examination, and polysomnography (PSG) data, were all exactly collected for analysis. All these patients had received the evaluation of subjective efficacy scale and the sleep oximetry test in early post-operative days (within one week). The long-term efficacy evaluations including PSG and subjective efficacy scale were all finished at least three months after the surgery. RESULTS: In the research 61 patients were finally studied, including 25 responders (41.0%) and 36 non-responders (59.0%). Regression analysis revealed that the pre-operative Friedman stage and early post-operative oxygen desaturation index of ≥4% (ODI4) were found to be independently predictive parameters for the UPPP treatment outcomes (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis was used to estimate the predictive values of ODI4 to the treatment outcomes, and it was calculated with an area under the curve of 0.822. Using the ODI4 of 15 as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity of that calculated were up to 0.778 and 0.760 respectively. The response rate among the patients with an early post-operative ODI4 of <15 was 70.4%, which was significantly higher than that of the patients with an early post-operative ODI4 of ≥15, whose response rate was 17.6% (P<0.05). The similar results could also be obtained in the patients with pre-operative Friedman stage II (87.5% vs.25.0%) and Friedman stage III (33.3% vs. 6.7%). CONCLUSION The combination of early post UPPP operation oximetry parameters, especially ODI4, and pre-operative Friedman stage could be used in better evaluating the potential surgical outcomes of UPPP.
Adult ; Humans ; Oximetry ; Palate ; Pharynx ; Polysomnography ; Treatment Outcome

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is a well-known Asian traditional herbal medicine with a large market demand. The plant is native to eastern North America, and its main producing areas worldwide are decreasing due to continuous cropping obstacles and environmental changes. Therefore, the identification of maximum similarities of new ecological distribution of P. quinquefolius, and prediction of its response to climate change in the future are necessary for plant introduction and cultivation. In this study, the areas with potential ecological suitability for P. quinquefolius were predicted using the geographic information system for global medicinal plants (GMPGIS) based on 476 occurrence points and 19 bioclimatic variables. The results indicate that the new ecologically suitable areas for P. quinquefolius are East Asia and the mid-eastern Europe, which are mainly distributed in China, Russia, Japan, Ukraine, Belarus, North Korean, South Korea, andRomania. Under global climate change scenarios, the suitable planting areas for P. quinquefolius would be increased by 9.16%-30.97%, and expandingnorth and west over the current ecologically suitable areas by 2070. The potential increased areas that are ecologically suitable include northern Canada, Eastern Europe, and the Lesser Khingan Mountains of China, and reduced regions are mainly in central China, the southern U.S., and southern Europe. Jackknife tests indicate that the precipitation of the warmest quarter was the important climatic factor controlling the distribution of P. quinquefolius. Our findings can be used as auseful guide for P. quinquefolius introduction and cultivation in ecologically suitable areas.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of total flavone of haw leaves (TFHL) on the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor (Nrf2) and other related factors in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) rats induced by high-fat diet and then to further discuss the mechanism of TFHL's prevention against NASH.

METHODSHigh-fat diet was fed to 40 rats to establish the NASH model. Then model rats were intragastrically administrated with 40, 80, 160 mg/(kg•day) TFHL, respectively. The pathological changes of liver tissues in NASH rats were detected by oil red O and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stainings. The expression of Nrf2 in rat liver was examined through immunohistochemistry. The level of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α in serum was detected through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2 and other related factors in liver tissue were measured by real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and western blot.

RESULTSLipid deposition, hepatic steatosis, focal necrosis in lobular inflammation and ballooning degeneration were emerged in livers of NASH rats. The 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α in the serum of NASH rats increased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.05). The mRNA of Nrf2, hemeoxyenase1 (HO-1) and the mRNA and protein levels of quinine oxidoreductase (NQO1) in NASH rats liver tissue showed a striking increase, while the mRNA levels of Keap1, r-glutamylcysteine synthethase (rGCS) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). After TFHL treatment, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α level in serum significantly decreased, and Nrf2 mRNA and protein levels in hepatocytes nucleus enhanced compared with the model group (P<0.05 or 0.01). Meanwhile the Keap1 mRNA, the mRNA and protein levels of HO-1, NQO1 antibody, rGCS antibody, GST increased after TFHL treatment (P<0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSNrf2 and other related factors were involved in development of NASH, and they also served as an important part in its occurrence. By regulating expression of Nrf2 and other related factors, TFHL may play a role in antioxidative stress and prevention of NASH.

Animals ; Cell Nucleus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Crataegus ; chemistry ; Dinoprost ; metabolism ; Flavones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Lipids ; chemistry ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the effects of different bolus and swallow patterns on esophageal manometry in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease by high resolution manometry .Methods Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire score of more than 8 points and positive 24-hour pH monitoring were included in the study .All the patients were detected by liquid swallow ,solid swallow and continuous swallow .The parameters and comprehensive diagnosis were in accordance with the Chicago Standard .Results A total of 42 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease were enrolled . Compared with the dynamic parameters of liquid swallow ,the residual pressure of upper esophageal sphincter [(11 .07 ± 3 .97 ,5 .29 ± 3 .36)mmHg] decreased ,the distal latency [(6 .28 ± 1 .87 ,8 .98 ± 2 .25)s] ,and lower esophageal sphincter relaxation time [(7 .79 ± 0 .98 ,10 .69 ± 13 .04)s] prolonged significantly (all P<0 .05) .In the comprehensive diagnosis of esophageal motility ,compared with liquid swallow (38 .1% ) , continuous liquid swallow showed a more sensitive positive diagnostic rate of ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) (63 .2% ) ,with a significant difference (P=0 .008) .Compared with that of liquid swallow ,the diagnostic rate (45 .2% ) of IEM by the solid swallow did not differ significantly (P=0 .581) . Among the ineffective contraction ,the rate of failed contraction (44.3% ) of solid swallow was higher than that of liquid swallow (22 .6% ) .Conclusion Solid swallow is more likely to induce severe esophageal hypomotility disorders than liquid swallow.Continuous swallow has more sensitivity in the diagnosis of IEM.Therefore.it can be used as a supplement to routine manometry in patients with eastroesophageal reflux disease.