Rats ; Animals ; Astrocytes ; Exosomes/metabolism* ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/metabolism* ; Biological Transport

Objective:To summarize the clinicopathologic features and clinical diagnosis and treatment experience of retroperitoneal paraganglioma.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical, pathological and follow-up data of 39 patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 1 Oct 2012 to 1 Oct 2022 for retroperitoneal paragangliomas undergoing resection.Results:There were 19 males and 20 females with tumor being functional in 11 cases (28%) and non-functional in 28 cases (72%). CT angiography showed that the tumors were distributed around the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava in most cases. All 39 patients underwent tumor rescetion.Patients in laparoscopic group had shorter operation time and postoperative hospital saty compared with open sugery [(135±66)min vs. (194±67)min, t=-2.529, P=0.016; (6.6±2.2)d vs.(9.6±4.8)d, t=-2.096, P=0.043], while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of intraoperative blood loss [(152±151)ml vs. (361±608)ml, t=-1.169, P=0.250]. There were no major postoperative complications in the laparoscopic group, and pulmonary infection in 1 case and intestinal obstruction in 1 case in the open group. Thrity-six cases were followed up, ranging from 2 to 115 months, 1 patient in the laparoscopic group died 1 year after surgery due to recurrence and metastasis. In the open group, 1 case recurred 2 years later and was discharged after the second operation, and 1 case died of recurrence 2 years after surgery. Conclusions:Surgery is indicated for retroperitoneal paraganglioma. Adequate perioperative management is the key to the success of the operation. Laparoscopic surgery is superior to open surgery in terms of operation time and postoperative recovery .

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of external application of late silkworm sand on peripheral neuropathy in diabetic (DPN) patients with cold coagulation blood stasis(CCBS).Methods:Sixty DPN patients with CCBS were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group(n=30, each group). Both groups were given routine treatment with mecobalamin, while the experimental group was treated with external application of silkworm sand additionally for 4 weeks.Improvements in brachial-ankle index(ABI)and foot vibration perception threshold(VPT)were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:The left and right ABI values were increased and the VPT value was decreased in the two groups after treatment compared with before treatment values.The left and right ABI values were higher( t=6.690 and 8.355, both P=0.000)and the VPT values were lower( t=6.447 and 6.734, both P=0.000)in the experimental group than in the control group after treatment. Conclusions:External application of late silkworm sand can improve ABI and VPT with good safety in treating DPN patients with CCBS and should be promoted in clinical practice.

In the original publication the Supplementary Material and Fig. 2 are incorrect. The correct version is provided in this correction article. The text HBG2 appearing in the article should be read as HBG1.

Objective To investigate the effects of silkworm excrement ironing on blood levels of glucose,lipids and Hcy in diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients with cold coagulation and blood stasis.Methods A total of 260 diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients with cold coagulation and blood stasis were randomly divided into the control group(n=130)and the observation group(n=130).Both groups were treated with oral methylcobalamin(500 μg,tid),and in addition,the observation group was given silkworm excrement ironing on areas of the limb with numbness and pain.Patients underwent one single course of treatment lasting 4 weeks.Blood levels of glucose,lipids and Hcy preand post treatment were analyzed.Results Blood lipid profiles and hemorheology improved in both groups after treatment,compared with pre-treatment data,and greater improvement was seen in the observation group than in the control group(all P＜0.05).Plasma Hcy levels decreased in both groups after treatment,compared with pre-treatment levels,and deeper decline was seen in the observation group than in the control group after treatment(all P＜0.05).Conclusions Silkworm excrement ironing can effectively improve the blood glucose profile and lipid metabolism,reduce plasma Hcy levels and may exert beneficial preventive and therapeutic effects on diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; genetics ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; Gene Editing ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Transcriptional Activation ; genetics ; p300-CBP Transcription Factors ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of danusertib (Danu), an inhibitor of Aurora kinase, on the proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: MTT assay was used to examine the effect of Danu on the viability of HepG2 cells to determine the IC50 of Danu. The effect of Danu on cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and autophagy were determined using flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of the proteins related to cell cycle, apoptosis and autophagy. Chloroquine was used to suppress Danuinduced autophagy to test the apoptosis-inducing effect of Danu. RESULTS: Danu significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells with IC of 39.4 μmol and 14.4 μmol at 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Danu caused cell cycle arrest in G/M phase in HepG2 cells and led to polyploidy accumulation via up-regulating the expressions of p53 and p21 and down-regulating the expressions of cyclin B1 and DC2. Danu also caused apoptosis of HepG2 cells through up-regulating the expressions of Bax, Puma, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved PARP and cytochrome C and down-regulating the expressions of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. Danu induced autophagy via activating AMPK signaling and inhibiting PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR axis, and inhibition of Danu-induced autophagy with chloroquine enhanced the pro-apoptotic effect of Danu. CONCLUSIONS Danu inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest in G/M phase, apoptosis and cytoprotective autophagy in HepG2 cells.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Benzamides ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology

ABSTRACT:Objective To assess the effect of prolonged laparoscopic surgery on peritoneal mesothelial cells and fibrinolysis in humans.Methods We examined prospectively 1 6 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery (LAP)and 2 1 patients who underwent conventional open surgery (OP)for high-medium rectal cancer with curative intent.During the procedure,biopsy of the parietal peritoneum was made before operation and at 45 min,90 min,and 120 min after operation.The tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1 )were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in peritoneal tissues.The cellular injury was detected by LDH assay.The proliferation was quantified by MTT assay.Results PAI-1 activity in the peritoneal tissue was significantly lower in LAP group than in the OP group.tPA activity decreased after 45min of open surgery,but there was no significant change in the LAP group.With time extension,the LDH activity increased and the proliferation of the mesothelial cells decreased.Conclusion Preservation of a prolonged hypofibrinolytic state by inhibition of PAI-1 up-regulation during LAP may predispose patients to less postoperative peritoneal adhesion. The cellular injury becomes apparent and the proliferation is inhibited during prolonged laparoscopic surgery.

Objective To investigate the duodenum absorptive character of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside sodium (GM1) in rats.Methods The contents of phenolsulfonphthalein (as indicators) and GM1 were determined with ultraviolet-visible (UV) method and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in rats with in situ cycle intestinal perfusion model.Results The ratio of duodenum absorption of GM1 was 10％ in 2 h after cycle and 22％ in 6 h after cycle,respectively.The Ka was (0.030± 0.012)h,and absorption t1/2 was (25.50 ± 8.56)h in 8 h after cycle.Conclusions GM1 is absorption in rat duodenum,and the accumulate absorption of GM1 is almost linearly related to the cycle time.The absorption dynamics of GM1 may be first-order kinetic process.