Objective To investigate the effects of zalcitabine(ddC),a mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ(POLG)inhibitor,on the migration,invasion,and to preliminarily explore mitochondrial biogenesis of human tri-ple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.Methods The effect of ddC on cell viability was detected using the MTT assay.The migration and invasion abilities of the cells were evaluated using the cell scratch and Transwell in-vasion assays.Cell apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry and a V-FITC/PI cell apoptosis detection kit.The protein expression of POLG,NADH dehydrogenase subunit Ⅰ(NADH1),NADH dehydrogenase subunit Ⅱ(NADH2),ATP synthase subunit 6(ATPase6),cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COX-1)and cytochrome c ox-idase subunit Ⅲ(COX-3)were determined using Western blot.The POLG mRNA level and mtDNA copy number were determined using qPCR.The mitochondrial content and ATP levels were determined using MitoTracker Green fluorescent probe staining and an ATP determination kit.MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-EG-FP-POLG plasmids to overexpress POLG.The inhibitory effects of ddC on cell migration and invasion were detected in POLG-overexpressed MDA-MB-231 cells.Results POLG expression was higher in MDA-MB-231 cells than in normal mammary epithelial cells(MCF-10A)(P＜0.01).ddC inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent man-ner.ddC inhibited the migration(P＜0.01)and invasion(P＜0.01)of MDA-MB-231 cells;however,it dis-played no significant inhibitory effects on cell viability in normal mammary epithelial cells(MCF-10A)at the same concentration.ddC downregulated the protein(P＜0.01)and mRNA(P＜0.01)levels of POLG,reduced mtD-NA copy number(P＜0.01)and downregulated mtDNA-coded NADH1,NADH2,ATPase6,COX-1 and COX-3 protein expression(P＜0.01)in MDA-MB-231 cells.Furthermore ddC inhibited mitochondrial content(P＜0.01)and ATP(P＜0.01)levels in MDA-MB-231 cells.POLG overexpression increased the migration(P＜0.05)and invasion(P＜0.05)abilities of MDA-MB-231 cells,while ddC did not significantly inhibit the migra-tion and invasion abilities of MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing POLG.Conclusion ddC downregulates POLG ex-pression in MDA-MB-231 cells and inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP levels,thereby inhibiting the migra-tion and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for portopulmonary hypertension(POPH)in liver cirrhosis,and to construct a noninvasive predictive model.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 310 cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension who were hospitalized in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2013 to August 2022,and according to whether pulmonary artery systolic pressure was≥40 mmHg on ultrasound,the patients were divided into POPH group with 31 patients and non-POPH group with 279 patients.The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups,and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups;the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups.A binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for POPH,and a nomogram prediction model was constructed.The Bootstrap resampling method was used for internal validation,and C-index and calibration curve were used to assess the discriminatory ability and consistency of the model.The rms package was used to plot the nomogram.Results Compared with the non-POPH group,the POPH group had a significantly younger age,a significantly higher proportion of women or patients with hepatic encephalopathy or Child-Pugh class C disease,and significantly higher levels of direct bilirubin,Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score,albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score,international normalized ratio,prothrombin time,FIB-4 index,LOK score,and Forns index,as well as significantly lower levels of serum albumin,alanine aminotransferase,gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase,hemoglobin,total cholesterol,and triglycerides(all P<0.05).The multivariate analysis showed that sex(odds ratio[OR]=0.172,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.064-0.462,P<0.001),age(OR=0.944,95%CI:0.901-0.989,P=0.016),ALBI score(OR=3.091,95%CI:1.100-8.687,P=0.032),and hepatic encephalopathy(OR=3.466,95%CI:1.331-9.031,P=0.011)were independent risk factors for POPH.A predictive model for POPH in liver cirrhosis was established based on the above independent risk factors,with a C-index of 0.796(95%CI:0.701-0.890),suggesting that the model had good discriminatory ability,and the calibration curve showed that the model had good calibration ability,suggesting that the model had certain predictive efficacy.Conclusion Young female individuals,elevated ALBI score,and comorbidity with hepatic encephalopathy are independent risk factors for POPH in patients with liver cirrhosis,and the predictive model established based on these factors has a certain clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the main dietary patterns of children in urban areas of Maanshan City, and to explore the association between dietary patterns and subthreshold autism trait (SAT), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and comorbid behaviors in 3-year-old children. Methods Based on the birth cohort of Maanshan Maternal and Infant Health from June 2015 to June 2016，regular physical examinations were conducted from 4 to 2 to 1, and follow-up was conducted until the age of 3. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was employed to assess dietary intakes. SAT and ADHD symptoms were assessed by Clancy autism behavior scale (CABS) and the 10-item Chinese version of the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire (C-ASQ). Social-demographic information was also collected. Results The detection rates of SAT, ADHD symptoms, and comorbidity were 11.03%, 5.28%, and 2.71%, respectively. The older the father, the higher the mother's education level, and the higher the per capita monthly income of the family, the lower the SAT detection rate (P<0.05). The higher the father's educational level, the lower the detection rate of ADHD symptoms (P<0.05). The older the mother and the higher the education level, the lower the detection rate of comorbid behavior in their children (P <0.05). After adjusting for demographic influencing factors, the low intake level was used as a reference. The vegetarian type with moderate intake level was negatively correlated with SAT, while the processed food type with high intake level was positively correlated with SAT. The vegetarian type with high intake level was negatively correlated with ADHD symptoms, while the snack type with high intake level was positively correlated with ADHD symptoms. The vegetarian type with high intake level was negatively correlated with comorbidity. Conclusion Unhealthy dietary patterns are related to children's SAT and ADHD symptoms. Correcting children's unhealthy eating patterns may help reduce children's behavior problems.

Normal human blood pressure has a unique "dipper type" rhythm, but various pathological factors will lead to abnormal nighttime blood pressure decline, seriously damage the target organs such as the heart, brain and kidneys, and significantly increase the incidence of cardiovascular events. Therefore, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to rhythm disorder of blood pressure and intervene early. Modern Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) mostly understands the changes of rhythm of blood pressure from the view of the unity of nature and man, yin-yang theory and the theory of meridian flow, and study the syndrome distribution and TCM constitution law of rhythm disorder of blood pressure by combining TCM syndrome differentiation method and TCM constitution theory. TCM treatment can restore blood pressure rhythm and improve clinical symptoms and sleep quality of patients.

Objective:To explore the expression pattern of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mice peritoneal macrophages (PMs) after major trauma and analyze the effects of enhanced AhR expression on the inflammatory cytokine level and bactericidal ability after trauma.Methods:The experimental study method was used. Forty 6-8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (the same mouse age, sex, and strain below) were divided into control group, post trauma hour (PTH) 2 group, PTH 6 group, and PTH 12 group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), with 10 mice in each group. Mice in the latter 3 groups were constructed as severe trauma model with fracture+blood loss, while mice in control group were left untreated. The primary PMs (the same cells below) were extracted from the mice in control group, PTH 2 group, PTH 6 group, and PTH 12 group when uninjured or at PTH 2, 6, and 12, respectively. Then the protein and mRNA expressions of AhR were detected by Western blotting and real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively, and the gene expressions of AhR signaling pathway related molecules were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. Twenty mice were divided into control group and PTH 6 group, with 10 mice in each group, and the PMs were extracted. The level of ubiquitin of AhR was detected by immunoprecipitation. Twelve mice were divided into dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) alone group, PTH 6+DMSO group, MG-132 alone group, and PTH 6+MG-132 group, with 3 mice in each group. After the corresponding treatment, PMs were extracted, and the protein expression of AhR was detected by Western blotting. Twenty mice were constructed as PTH 6 model. Then, the PMs were extracted and divided into empty negative control adenovirus (Ad-NC) group and AhR overexpression adenovirus (Ad-AhR) group. The protein expression of AhR was detected by Western blotting at 36 h after some PMs were transfected with the corresponding adenovirus. The rest cells in Ad-NC group were divided into Ad-NC alone group and Ad-NC+endotoxin/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, and the rest cells in Ad-AhR group were divided into Ad-AhR alone group and Ad-AhR+LPS group. The expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the cell supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 12 h after the corresponding treatment ( n=6). Twenty mice were obtained to extract PMs. The cells were divided into control+Ad-NC group, PTH 6+Ad-NC group, control+Ad-AhR group, and PTH 6+Ad-AhR group, and the intracellular bacterial load was detected by plate spread method after the corresponding treatment ( n=6). Data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance, least significant difference test, analysis of variance for factorial design, and independent sample t test. Results:Compared with 1.16±0.28 of control group, the protein expressions of AhR in PMs in PTH 2 group (0.59±0.14), PTH 6 group (0.72±0.16), and PTH 12 group (0.71±0.17) were all significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The overall comparison of the difference of AhR mRNA expression in PMs among control group, PTH 2 group, PTH 6 group, and PTH 12 group showed no statistical significance ( P>0.05). The AhR signaling pathway related molecules included AhR, AhR inhibitor, cytochrome P450 family member 1b1, cytochrome P450 family member 11a1, heat shock protein 90, aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interaction protein, and heat shock protein 70 interaction protein. The heat shock protein 90 expression of PMs in PTH 2 group was higher than that in control group, while the expressions of other molecules did not change significantly after trauma. Compared with that in control group, the level of ubiquitin of AhR in PMs in PTH 6 group was increased. Compared with that in DMSO alone group, the protein expression of AhR in PMs in PTH 6+DMSO group was decreased, while that in PMs in MG-132 alone group had no significant change. Compared with that in PTH 6+DMSO group, the protein expression of AhR in PMs in PTH 6+MG-132 group was up-regulated. At transfection hour 36, compared with that in Ad-NC group, the protein expression of AhR in PMs in Ad-AhR group was increased. At treatment hour 12, compared with those in Ad-NC+LPS group, the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in PM supernatant of Ad-AhR+LPS group were significantly decreased (with t values of 4.80 and 3.82, respectively, P<0.05). The number of intracellular bacteria of 1×10 6 PMs in control+Ad-NC group, PTH 6+Ad-NC group, control+Ad-AhR group, and PTH 6+Ad-AhR group was (3.0±1.8), (41.8±10.2), (1.8±1.2), and (24.2±6.3) colony forming unit, respectively. Compared with that in PTH 6+Ad-NC group, the number of intracellular bacteria of PMs in PTH 6+Ad-AhR group was significantly decreased ( t=3.61, P<0.05). Conclusions:Ubiquitin degradation of AhR in PMs of mice after major trauma results in decreased protein expression of AhR. Increasing the expression of AhR in post-traumatic macrophages can reduce the expressions of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, and improve the bactericidal ability of macrophages after trauma.

【Objective】 To explore the recruitment and retention strategy of blood donors by investigating the age composition of blood donors in some areas of China, so as to promote blood donation and enhance clinical blood supply. 【Methods】 Through the working platform of Practice Comparison Working Group of China’s Mainland Blood Collection and Supply Institutions, the average age and age composition of blood donors from 22 blood centers were collected, and statistical analysis was conducted after eliminating invalid data. 【Results】 The median average age of blood donors during the survey year was 30.02.The median age in 2.89% of the blood centers was lower than 25. The average age of different genders was statistically significant only in 2018(P<0.05). Fot first-time blood donors, the median constituent ratio of donors <25 and ≥25 years old was 54.53% and 44.28%, with median retention rate at 10.30% and 9.61%, respectively. The median overall participation rate of blood donors was 2.7%, with median participation rate of blood donors <25 years old at 5.1%. 【Conclusion】 The recruitment and retention of blood donor is crucial to enhance clinical blood supply. Blood donors <25 years old, with a longer period for future donation, should be the main target of blood donation recruitment. Meanwhile, the revision of upper age limit for blood donation is another important initiative to grow the blood donor pool.

Objective: To understand the effect of pregnancyrelated anxiety on preschool childrens executive functions(EFs) and gender difference in order to optimize the early development environment of offspring life. Methods: This study was based on the ChinaAnhui Birth Cohort Study. Pregnant women from Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in Maanshan, Anhui province between October 2008 and October 2010 were recruited. The general information of pregnant women and the pregnancyrelated anxiety were collected prospectively in the first trimester of pregnancy. A cohort of 3 556 children aged 3-5 were followed up and their basic characteristics were collected. Executive function of preschool children was assessed by Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive FunctionPreschool Version(BRIEF) (parent version). Results: In boys, compared with the control group, pregnancyrelated anxiety in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in working memory, planning/organization and GEC[OR(95%CI)=1.40(1.06-1.85), 1.64(1.06-2.54), 1.89(1.27-2.82)]. Anxiety in the both trimesters of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition, working memory, planning/organization and GEC[OR(95%CI)=2.60(1.45-4.67), 2.45(1.69-3.57), 2.23(1.28-3.88), 3.27(2.03-5.28)]. In girls, pregnancyrelated anxiety in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition and working memory[OR(95%CI)=1.79(1.13-2.83), 1.45(1.07-1.98)]. Anxiety in the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition[OR(95%CI)=2.26(1.17-4.38)]. Anxiety in both trimesters of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition and working memory[OR(95%CI)=2.45(1.40-4.28), 2.02(1.35-3.01)]. Conclusion Pregnancyrelated anxiety significantly affected the executive function of preschool children, and there was a significant doseresponse relationship. Pregnancyrelated anxiety primarily affects working memory, planning/organization and GEC function in boys, and the working memory, inhibition function in girls.

Objective:To analyze the associations between prenatal and 1-year-old exposure to antibiotics and allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months.Methods:In this study, a prospective birth cohort study was adopted. A total of 2 122 pregnant women were enrolled in Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Ma′anshan from June 2015 to June 2016, and they were followed up from the beginning of pregnancy to children′s 24 months of age. Excluding 564 pairs of mothers and children who were lost to follow-up or with incomplete information on the use of antibiotics and children′s allergic symptoms, a total of 1 558 pairs of mothers and children were included in the analysis of this study. The parents and children′s general demographic information, early-life antibiotic exposure and other data were collected, the information about allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months were investigated by reference to the "International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)". The univariate and multivariate binary unconditional logistic regression model was used to was used to estimate associations between the effects of early-life antibiotic exposure on allergic symptoms in 2-year-old children.Results:The antibiotic usage rate of pregnant women during pregnancy was 3.4% (53), and the antibiotic usage rates of children between 0 to 2 months, 3 to 5 months, and 6 to 11 months were separately 15.2%(237), 15.5%(242) and 17.3%(269). The total prevalence of allergic diseases in children aged 6 to 11 months was 24.1% (375 children), and the total prevalence of allergic diseases in children aged 18 to 23 months was 22.0% (342 children). After adjust parental (maternal) education level, family monthly income per capita, parental (maternal) allergy history, parental (maternal) age at pregnancy, mother′s Body Mass Index (BMI) before pregnancy, exposure to second-hand smoke during pregnancy, delivery method, child gender, birth weight, preterm birth, the use of antibiotics when children were 3-5 months old ( RR=1.61,95% CI:1.19-2.17) and 6-11 months old ( RR=1.43,95% CI:1.06-1.93) were the risk factors for allergic symptoms at 6-11 months of age; and the use of antibiotics when children were 0-2 months old (RR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.03-1.95), 3-5 months old ( RR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.12-2.11) and 6-11 months old ( RR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.17-2.14) were the risk factors for allergic symptoms at 18-23 months of age. Conclusion:Children′s exposure to antibiotics within 1 year of age was a risk factor for allergic symptoms in children aged 6-11 months and 18-23 months, children should avoid unnecessary antibiotic use in infancy.

Objective:To establish the norm of the Chinese version of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS) in urban areas of China.Methods:From August to December 2017, the parents of 2 216 children (<36 months old) were selected from 15 cities (Beijing, Lianyungang, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Xi′an, Guangzhou, Changsha, Jinan, Guiyang, Ningbo, Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Maanshan, Chongqing and Wuhan) in 14 provinces by stratified random sampling. The general demographic characteristics and parents′ parenting confidence were collected by a self-made questionnaire and KPCS Chinese version. The percentile norm was established. P 3, P10 and P 25 were used as the criteria to define the degree of lack of parenting confidence. Results:The age of mothers was (30.67±4.29). The age of the father was (32.50±4.99) years old. There were 726 (32.76%), 759 (34.25%) and 731 (32.99%) infants in 6-12, 12-23 and 24-35 months old groups. The total scores of P 50, P 25, P 10 and P 3 of KPCS (Chinese version) of infant parents in urban areas in China were 41, 38, 33, and 29 respectively. When the scores of parents were 34-37, 30-33, and ≤ 29, they were judged as mild, moderate, and severe lack of parenting confidence. There was no significant difference in the Chinese version of KPCS between parents of different age groups and parents of different gender (χ2=3.53, P=0.171; χ2=1.41, P=0.236). Each factor score≤ P 3 is defined as the boundary score, and the corresponding boundary scores of "parenting" "support" and "competence" were 13, 9, and 5 respectively. Conclusion:The Chinese version of KPCS can be used to assess the parenting confidence of infants in urban areas of China. It can used as one of the bases for scientific and objective evaluation of the parenting status of families.

Objective:To establish the norm of the Chinese version of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS) in urban areas of China.Methods:From August to December 2017, the parents of 2 216 children (<36 months old) were selected from 15 cities (Beijing, Lianyungang, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Xi′an, Guangzhou, Changsha, Jinan, Guiyang, Ningbo, Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Maanshan, Chongqing and Wuhan) in 14 provinces by stratified random sampling. The general demographic characteristics and parents′ parenting confidence were collected by a self-made questionnaire and KPCS Chinese version. The percentile norm was established. P 3, P10 and P 25 were used as the criteria to define the degree of lack of parenting confidence. Results:The age of mothers was (30.67±4.29). The age of the father was (32.50±4.99) years old. There were 726 (32.76%), 759 (34.25%) and 731 (32.99%) infants in 6-12, 12-23 and 24-35 months old groups. The total scores of P 50, P 25, P 10 and P 3 of KPCS (Chinese version) of infant parents in urban areas in China were 41, 38, 33, and 29 respectively. When the scores of parents were 34-37, 30-33, and ≤ 29, they were judged as mild, moderate, and severe lack of parenting confidence. There was no significant difference in the Chinese version of KPCS between parents of different age groups and parents of different gender (χ2=3.53, P=0.171; χ2=1.41, P=0.236). Each factor score≤ P 3 is defined as the boundary score, and the corresponding boundary scores of "parenting" "support" and "competence" were 13, 9, and 5 respectively. Conclusion:The Chinese version of KPCS can be used to assess the parenting confidence of infants in urban areas of China. It can used as one of the bases for scientific and objective evaluation of the parenting status of families.